Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Effect of the avoided crossing on the rovibrational energy levels, resonances, and predissociation lifetimes within the ground and first excited electronic states of lithium fluoride","authors":"V.G. Ushakov ,&nbsp;A. Yu. Ermilov ,&nbsp;E.S. Medvedev","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the LiF spectrum up to 7800 cm⁻¹ above the first dissociation limit. The <em>ab initio</em> calculations of the adiabatic potentials and other molecular functions are performed in a wide range of interatomic separations, <span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>-17 bohr. We consider the model of two interacting electronic states including both the bound states and the resonances of two kinds, the tunneling resonances and the predissociative ones. The Born–Oppenheimer potentials are modeled with use of two auxiliary functions containing 15 variable parameters each, whose values are defined by least-squares fitting for the best reproduction of the adiabatic potentials calculated <em>ab initio</em>, as well as the experimental rovibrational transition frequencies. Then we determine the diabatic potentials and the diabatic coupling <em>via</em> the adiabatic potentials and the angle of the adiabatic-to-diabatic basis rotation obtained by integration of the nonadiabatic coupling matrix element. The energies of the bound states, as well as the positions and widths of the resonances are calculated. The observed transition frequencies are reproduced with the standard deviation of 0.0009 cm⁻¹ for <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>LiF, 0.0006 cm⁻¹ for <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>LiF, and within the experimental uncertainties for the most of the lines. The line lists for the bound-bound <span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span>-<span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span> rovibrational transitions are calculated for quantum numbers <span><math><mrow><mi>v</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>50</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>Δ</mi><mi>v</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>15</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>J</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>170</mn></mrow></math></span> (<span><math><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>200</mn></mrow></math></span> for the 0-0 and 1-0 bands).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109811"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relativistic multiconfiguration calculations of energy levels, transition rates and hyperfine constants in neutral indium","authors":"B. Atalay","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energies for states of the <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mi>n</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mn>4</mn><mi>f</mi></mrow></math></span> odd and the <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><mi>s</mi><mn>5</mn><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> even configurations in neutral indium are obtained using the fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method. Transition probabilities and oscillator strengths among all these states are given. The magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants are evaluated. To ensure robustness and reliability of the results, different computational strategies and correlation models were used. Employing a natural orbital basis improves the accuracy of computed values significantly and gives better agreement with the experimental values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109812"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotational spectrum and hyperfine structure of the (para)-NH3–(ortho)-H2 van der Waals molecular complex","authors":"Ivan V. Tarabukin ,&nbsp;Denis G. Poydashev ,&nbsp;Leonid A. Surin","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hyperfine structure of the (<em>para</em>)-NH₃–(<em>ortho</em>)-H₂ van der Waals molecular complex has been observed and analyzed for the first time. The measurements of the pure rotational transitions were carried out in the frequency range of 75-190 GHz using a newly developed millimeter-wave jet spectrometer with a molecular beam aligned coaxially with the direction of millimeter-waves propagation. ¹⁴N nuclear quadrupole coupling constant of NH₃, spin-spin and spin-rotation interaction constants of the two protons of the H₂ molecule were determined for (<em>para</em>)-NH₃–(<em>ortho</em>)-H₂ in its ground Π state. The obtained parameters contain useful information about angular orientation of the NH₃ and H₂ monomers within the van der Waals complex and provide an additional tool for evaluating the quality of the NH₃–H₂ interaction potential. The latter determines the reliability of the calculated excitation and de-excitation rates of ammonia during collisions with hydrogen in the dense interstellar clouds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109781"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145657483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiance-to-irradiance conversion in the visible and near-infrared bands under clear-sky conditions","authors":"Xiang Zhong ,&nbsp;Baike Xi ,&nbsp;Xiquan Dong ,&nbsp;Jordann Brendecke ,&nbsp;Jake Gristey ,&nbsp;Maria Hakuba ,&nbsp;Bruce Kindel ,&nbsp;Steven Massie ,&nbsp;Daniel Feldman ,&nbsp;Peter Pilewskie","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately partitioning shortwave (SW) radiation into its visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) spectral components is essential for climate models and radiation budget studies, as it governs how the atmosphere absorbs, scatters, and reflects incoming solar energy. In support of NASA’s Libera mission, this study presents a novel method for deriving VIS and NIR irradiances from SW, VIS, and NIR satellite-based radiance measurements under clear-sky conditions by leveraging satellite-based radiance measurements across SW, VIS, and NIR bands. The method centers on a parameterization of the ratio of anisotropic factors, denoted as β (Eq. 3), which varies significantly with solar zenith angle (SZA), viewing zenith angle (VZA), relative azimuth angle (RAA), and aerosol optical depth (AOD). A polynomial regression model is developed to estimate β for different surface types. By combining the regressed β with the radiance ratio of VIS to NIR, which will be directly observed by Libera, the method partitions total SW irradiance into its VIS and NIR components. Validation against MODTRAN6.0 radiative transfer simulations over forest and desert surfaces demonstrates high fidelity, with discrepancies under 3 W m⁻². The approach performs best at backward scattering angles and exhibits more consistent results over vegetated surfaces than over bright, arid terrain. While initial testing is focused on two surface types, the demonstrated sensitivity of β to key atmospheric and geometric parameters indicates strong potential for extension to a wide range of land cover types and atmospheric conditions. Future work will focus on expanding the method to cloudy scenes, improving the regression model, and cross-validating results with alternative radiative transfer tools and in situ measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109777"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface to the HITRAN 2024: HITRAN special issue to celebrate the scientific contributions of Dr. Laurence Rothman","authors":"Iouli E. Gordon,&nbsp;Robert J. Hargreaves","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109813","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109813"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple analytical model for the reflection function of flat glacier ice surfaces and its application for optical remote sensing of glaciers","authors":"Alexander Kokhanovsky ,&nbsp;Lou-Anne Chevrollier ,&nbsp;Adrien Wehrlé ,&nbsp;Karl Segl ,&nbsp;Sabine Chabrillat","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose simple analytical equations for the modeling of clean and dusty flat glacier ice surfaces, which can be used to inversely derive the parameters of microstructure of flat bare glacier ice and snow using both ground – based and spaceborne observations of the hyperspectral solar reflectance. The retrievals are based on the asymptotic radiative transfer equations valid for the case of weak light absorption in the semi-infinite turbid medium. The light reflection at the air - ice and ice - air interfaces is fully accounted for. To demonstrate the validity of the approach, the derived equations are exemplarily applied to both ground – based and EnMAP satellite measurements over the Hardangerjøkulen glacier (Norway). A number of important parameters controlling spectral signatures of the snow and glacier ice surfaces have been derived. The ground-based measurements confirm that the theoretical formulation presented in this work can be used to represent the solar light spectral reflectivity of glaciers. The application to satellite hyperspectral imagery shows that this novel technique allows for the determination of the glacier ice albedo (spectral, broadband) based on spaceborne glacier ice reflectance measurement. Additionally, the results demonstrate that not spectrally neutral soot but rather deposited atmospheric dust which enhances the absorption towards UV is responsible for the light absorption by snow for the case studied. Spatial distribution maps of ice grain diameter and dust concentration are derived over the glacier. These findings show that the analytical theory presented in this work can support further research on the characterization and monitoring of glaciers based on current and upcoming hyperspectral remote sensing satellite missions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145383154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Study of Linear Depolarization Ratios Across a Wide Range of Scattering Angles for Particles of Diverse Sizes, Shapes, and Complex Refractive indices” [Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Volume 350, March 2026, 109761]","authors":"Prakash Gautam ,&nbsp;Justin B. Maughan ,&nbsp;Hans Moosmüller ,&nbsp;Kurt Ehlers ,&nbsp;Christopher M. Sorensen","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109828","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109828"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From light diffusion to photocatalytic rates: Compact scaling laws for strongly scattering porous slabs","authors":"Renaud A.L. Vallée,&nbsp;Rénal Backov","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light transport in strongly scattering porous photocatalytic materials governs the spatial distribution of absorbed photons and therefore the generation of charge carriers driving photocatalytic reactions. Yet translating measured optical properties of such media into intrinsic reaction rate constants remains challenging, as it requires simultaneously accounting for multiple scattering, boundary losses, photochemical efficiency, and surface kinetics. Here we develop a compact analytical framework that unifies these processes for nanoparticle-loaded photocatalytic slabs. Using a finite-slab diffusion model with extrapolated boundaries, we derive closed-form expressions for the fluence field and couple them to a photochemical quantum efficiency and first-order surface kinetics. The resulting predictors yield intrinsic volumetric and areal rate constants whose dependence on the transport mean free path, optical thickness, and surface-to-volume ratio emerges transparently.</div><div>Validation against Monte-Carlo photon-migration simulations shows that the diffusion approximation reproduces the fluence and generation-rate profiles with a modest multiplicative mismatch, typically within a factor of <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>1.20–1.39, depending on the anisotropy and scattering phase function. This level of agreement is consistent with the known limits of the diffusion approximation and is sufficient to enable reliable, design-oriented predictions.</div><div>The analytical descriptors introduced here – such as <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>∗</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>V</mi></mrow></math></span>, and the extrapolation length <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> – are general, physically interpretable, and directly integrable into data-driven optimisation and geometry-engineered reactor design. The framework thus provides a versatile and physically grounded tool for photocatalytic systems across diverse applications, including VOC photo-degradation, indoor air purification, and solar-fuel production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109819"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination and uncertainty analysis of three-dimensional temperature distribution of non-uniform flame using multi-spectral light field imaging based on backward Monte Carlo method","authors":"Tianjiao Li ,&nbsp;Dong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precise three-dimensional temperature distribution measurement in large-scale furnaces is crucial for industrial efficiency and safety, yet remains challenging due to the inherent ill-posedness and complex radiative properties of flames. This study presents a multi-spectral light field imaging (MSLFI) model based on the backward Monte Carlo method, enabling simultaneous imaging of both flame and furnace wall in a single snapshot. By integrating simultaneous iterative and algebraic reconstruction techniques, particularly the Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (SART), our method achieves robust temperature distribution reconstruction. A thorough assessment of imaging accuracy and reconstruction uncertainties is performed, considering microlens array configuration, flame voxel resolution, ray density, flame absorption and scattering properties, wall reflection, spatial resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio. Results indicate that flame absorption properties exert the most significant influence on reconstruction fidelity, followed by scattering properties, wall reflection, spatial resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio, while microlens array configuration, flame voxel resolution and ray density have minimal impact on the accuracy of temperature distribution reconstruction. The proposed approach offers a practical, efficient solution for industrial furnace monitoring and advances the state-of-the-art in non-invasive, high-resolution temperature imaging for combustion systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109814"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-faceted light pollution modelling and its application to the decline of artificial illuminance in France","authors":"Rolf Buhler,&nbsp;Philippe Deverchère,&nbsp;Christophe Plotard,&nbsp;Sébastien Vauclair","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial Light At Night (ALAN) has been increasing steadily over the past century, particularly during the last decade. This leads to rising light pollution, which is known to have adverse effects on living organisms, including humans. We present a new software package to model light pollution from ground radiance measurements. The software is called <em>Otus</em> 3 and incorporates innovative ALAN diffusion models with different atmospheric profiles, cloud covers and urban emission functions. To date, light pollution modelling typically focused on calculating the zenith luminance of the skyglow produced by city lights. In <em>Otus</em> 3 we extend this and additionally model the horizontal illuminance on the ground, including the contributions from skyglow and the direct illumination. We applied <em>Otus</em> 3 to France using ground radiance data from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). We calibrated our models using precise sky brightness measurements we obtained over 6 years at 139 different locations and make this dataset publicly available. We produced the first artificial illuminance map for France for the periods of 2013–2018 and 2019–2024. We found that the artificial ground illuminance in the middle of the night decreased by 23% between these two periods, in stark contrast to the global trend.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145613900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}