Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Line-shape parameters of self- and Ar-perturbed water vapor lines in the ν2 band","authors":"Nicolas Dricot ,&nbsp;Olivier Browet ,&nbsp;Bastien Vispoel ,&nbsp;Muriel Lepère","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using a homemade double-channel quantum cascade laser spectrometer operating in the mid-infrared, spectra of pure water vapour and water vapour diluted in argon were recorded in the 1300 cm^-1 spectral region. A controlled atmosphere chamber was built around the spectrometer to reduce and stabilise ambient relative humidity, allowing the study of strongly absorbing H₂O lines. Ten lines in the ν₂ fundamental vibrational band of the water vapour main isotope, as well as two transitions in the 2ν₂←ν₂ hot band and three lines of the HDO and H₂¹⁸O isotopologues, were studied at room temperature. The experimental spectra were fitted with the Voigt, Rautian, speed-dependent Voigt, speed-dependent Rautian and Hartmann-Tran theoretical line-shape models. The broadening and shifting coefficients, along with their speed-dependencies, the collisional narrowing parameter, and, for some H₂O-Ar lines, the parameter describing the correlation between velocity-changing and internal-state-changing collisions, were determined using a multi-spectrum fitting technique.</div><div>Results are compared to literature data when possible. For pure H₂O spectroscopic parameters, the agreement with the literature reaches discrepancies over ± 10 %. For H₂O-Ar collisional parameters, good agreement is found for the few available works in the literature. It is found that argon, as a noble gas, has weak collisional broadening and shifting effects on water vapour, but its relatively strong collisional narrowing makes for an interesting study of line-shape models. To our knowledge, this work is the first to report such advanced line-shape parameters of both studied molecular systems in this spectral region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 109748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145531874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature dependence of line shape parameters from the kinetic energy dependence of spectroscopic cross sections","authors":"Franck Thibault,&nbsp;Kevin M. Dunseath","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We use previously calculated generalized spectroscopic cross sections over a grid of relative collisional kinetic energies to investigate the temperature dependence of line shape parameters. This dependence, for the thermally averaged pressure broadening and shift parameters and also for the complex Dicke diffusion-type collision integral, is readily obtained by fitting the relevant quantities using a polynomial expansion in kinetic energy. Using a simple or double power law in kinetic energy we also investigate the general speed dependence of the pressure broadening and shift coefficients. In addition, we study the temperature dependence of the line shape parameters which characterize an assumed quadratic speed dependence of these coefficients, as implemented in the modified Hartmann–Tran profile and recommended by the HITRAN database.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109798"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and semi-empirical studies of the fine and the hyperfine structure of even-parity configuration system of atomic lutetium","authors":"M. Klempka ,&nbsp;M. Elantkowska ,&nbsp;B. Furmann ,&nbsp;J. Ruczkowski ,&nbsp;P. Głowacki ,&nbsp;S. Mieloch ,&nbsp;D. Stefańska","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents the results of the fine structure (<em>fs</em>) and the hyperfine structure (<em>hfs</em>) analysis of even-parity configuration levels of neutral lutetium (Lu I). The experimental results, obtained within this study using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy or Fourier transform spectra, led to determination of the <em>hfs</em> constants for 17 levels, 5 of them evaluated for the first time. Using these new values, along with all the data available in the literature, we performed a semi-empirical parametric study of the <em>fs</em> and the <em>hfs</em> for the system of 147 even-parity configurations. A mean error of <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></math></span> cm⁻¹ for 174 energy levels was obtained. A very good consistency between the calculated and measured values was achieved for magnetic dipole constants (<em>A</em>); for electric quadrupole constants (<em>B</em>) the respective agreement was only slightly worse. For unknown electronic levels, predicted values of the level energies, Landé <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> factors and the <em>hfs</em> constants are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 109755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145546287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical-field-induced dips and splits in nonlinear spectra of selective reflection from high-density atomic vapor","authors":"Vladimir Sautenkov ,&nbsp;Sergey Saakyan ,&nbsp;Andrei Bobrov ,&nbsp;Boris B. Zelener","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We discuss nonlinear spectra of selective reflection from high-density rubidium atomic vapor, where the self-broadening of the resonant transition <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> dominates over the Doppler width. In the experiments, the hole-burning technique with probe and pump lasers is used. The reflection of weak probe beam is investigated at four atomic densities in the range <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn><mtext>–</mtext><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>17</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> cm⁻³ and various pump beam intensities. To enhance the spectral resolution, the frequency derivative <span><math><mrow><mtext>d</mtext><mi>R</mi><mo>/</mo><mtext>d</mtext><mi>ν</mi></mrow></math></span> of the reflection coefficient <span><math><mi>R</mi></math></span> is analyzed. Increasing the atomic number density changes the character of self-broadening from inhomogeneous to homogeneous. At the highest density, the strong pump field splits the observed spectra into two homogeneously broadened symmetric resonances. The appearance of the optical-field-induced resonances can be explained within the framework of “dressed atomic states” approach. At lower densities the spectral profiles are inhomogeneously broadened. Spectral profiles of the frequency derivative are separated by optically saturated dips. The width of such dips is a combination of the homogeneous component of self-broadening and intensity-dependent field broadening. Careful study of the transition from inhomogeneous to homogeneous broadening may initiate further development of the theory of interatomic interactions in high density atomic gas media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109796"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145813781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the health impacts of urban light pollution: Synthetic populations and behavioral interventions","authors":"Héctor Antonio Solano Lamphar","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) poses significant public health challenges by disrupting circadian rhythms and increasing melatonin suppression. This study introduces a dynamic modeling framework employing synthetic population simulations to quantify the health impacts of ALAN under varying exposure scenarios. The model integrates spatial, temporal, behavioral, and policy dimensions, enabling the evaluation of interventions such as warm LED lighting (<span><math><mrow><mo>≤</mo><mn>3000</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>K</mtext></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mo>≤</mo><mn>10</mn><mtext>%</mtext><mo>,</mo><mtext>emission at 450–490 nm</mtext></mrow></math></span>), lighting ordinances, and community-wide curfews. Simulations demonstrate that these interventions can reduce melatonin suppression by up to 25% in high-risk zones. Clustering analysis identifies high-suppression areas, providing critical insights for urban planning and policymaking. Sensitivity analyses highlight the pivotal role of policy compliance and behavioral adaptations in mitigating ALAN’s health impacts. Using synthetic populations ensures ethical compliance by avoiding real human data, while the model’s scalability supports application across diverse urban contexts. Future work will integrate ground based illuminance measurements to enhance predictive accuracy and support equitable strategies for mitigating ALAN’s health impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109785"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145704977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New hyperfine structure data of atomic terbium measured by laser spectroscopic methods","authors":"Seda Kın Barka ,&nbsp;İpek K. Öztürk ,&nbsp;Feyza Güzelçimen ,&nbsp;Günay Başar ,&nbsp;Sophie Kröger ,&nbsp;Gönül Başar","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A hollow cathode discharge lamp, a tunable Ti-Sa laser and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy were used to examine the hyperfine structure of atomic terbium. A total of 39 spectral lines in the wavelength range between 695 nm and 780 nm were examined. For 11 levels of even parity and 26 levels of odd parity, the magnetic dipole hyperfine structure constants <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span>, and the electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants <span><math><mi>B</mi></math></span>, were determined. For 13 of these levels, the hyperfine structure constants had not been previously published. Furthermore, for two levels, the hfs constants <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mi>B</mi></math></span> from the literature were found to be completely different from our values. Given that our spectra had better resolution and sensitivity compared to the relevant literature source, and that our values were determined using two different lines, we consider our values to be the more reliable ones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109830"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145995418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global analyses of rotational transitions of CH2Cl2 up into the THz frequency region","authors":"Zbigniew Kisiel ,&nbsp;Brian J. Esselman ,&nbsp;Maria A. Zdanovskaia ,&nbsp;R. Claude Woods ,&nbsp;Robert J. McMahon ,&nbsp;Manamu Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Kaori Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present work expands the experimental coverage and analysis of the rotational spectrum for many spectroscopic species of the methylene chloride molecule based on new measurements at 8–750 GHz. Global analyses of measured chlorine nuclear quadrupole hyperfine resolved and hyperfine unresolved transitions are reported for <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>9</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> excited vibrational states in CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>35</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>Cl<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, g.s., <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>9</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> in CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>35</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>Cl³⁷Cl, g.s. and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> in CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>37</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>Cl<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, and g.s. in ¹³CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>35</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>Cl<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. Coriolis coupling between the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>9</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> fundamentals at 713 and 760 cm⁻¹ has been explicitly treated for the two most abundant isotopic species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reciprocal and nonreciprocal near-field radiative heat transfer between bio-inspired spiny particles under a magnetic field","authors":"Zhiguo Xu,&nbsp;Fuquan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inspired by the spiny structure in the nature, this study applies the anti-reflection properties of cicada wing structures to near-field radiative heat transfer. The surface microstructure of different cicada wings is observed by SEM, their reflectivity is measured and a model for spiny particles is simplified and established. Thermal discrete dipole approximations method and magneto-optical materials InSb under a magnetic field is used to investigate spiny particles. The nonreciprocal near-field radiative heat transfer between four spiny particles is considered. Effects of spine radius, magnetic field and spine gap are studied. The interaction between scattering of different peaks in spiny particles leads to the valleys and peaks in relative conductance. As the magnetic field increases, the redshift and blueshift of the split peaks reduce the surface polaritons scattering interaction between the resonance main peak and the split peaks. The net clockwise conductance and overall persistent heat transfer ratio increases when the spine radius increases. The overall persistent heat transfer ratio of particles decreases when the gap increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 109738"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-lying states and total internal partition sums of CH","authors":"Alexandros Androutsopoulos ,&nbsp;Isuru R. Ariyarathna ,&nbsp;Mark C. Zammit ,&nbsp;Evangelos Miliordos ,&nbsp;Amanda J. Neukirch ,&nbsp;Jeffery A. Leiding","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109800","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The electronic structure and spin-orbit states of the CH radical have been systematically investigated using multi-reference configuration interaction (MRCI) and single-reference coupled-cluster (CC) methods. These calculations were performed in conjunction with large correlation-consistent basis sets of quadruple-, quintuple-, and sextuple-ζ quality. To achieve high accuracy, electronic energies for all states were extrapolated to the complete basis set (CBS) limit, enabling the detailed construction of potential energy curves and determination of reliable spectroscopic constants. Spin-orbit coupling effects were explicitly incorporated, and vibrational energy levels were computed via Numerov analysis. The resulting values exhibit good to excellent agreement with available experimental data. Dipole moment and transition dipole moment curves were evaluated to assess the opacity characteristics of CH, revealing that transitions such as &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;X&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Π&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;″&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;→&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;X&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Π&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;″&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;→&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;X&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Π&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;″&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;→&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;X&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Π&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;″&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;→&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; are particularly probable. Finally, the total i","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 109800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145845039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous estimation of radiance and its sensitivities to radiative properties in a spherical-heterogeneous atmospheric radiative transfer model by Monte Carlo method: Application to Titan","authors":"Zili He ,&nbsp;Sandrine Vinatier ,&nbsp;Vincent Eymet ,&nbsp;Vincent Forest ,&nbsp;Bruno Bézard ,&nbsp;Pascal Rannou ,&nbsp;Sébastien Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Marcq ,&nbsp;Richard Fournier ,&nbsp;Stéphane Blanco ,&nbsp;Nada Mourtaday ,&nbsp;Yaniss Nyffenegger-Péré ,&nbsp;Sébastien Lebonnois ,&nbsp;Anni Määttänen","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of planetary atmospheres and surfaces depends on integrating radiative transfer modelling with inversion techniques. Traditional radiative transfer models, which assume simplified geometries (e.g., parallel-plan approximation), are limited in accurately capturing the heterogeneous and spherical nature of planetary atmospheres and surfaces, especially in spectral ranges where the scattering effects are important. Numerous modelling strategies are available with full accuracy in the representation of 3D features, but coupling such realistic radiative transfer model with inversion techniques raises challenges in calculation time and gradient assessment. Thanks to the recent active research at the interface between statistical physics and computer graphics, we here tackle these challenges based on the propositions of null-collision (Galtier et al., 2013) and spatial partitioning of extinction-coefficients overestimates (Villefranque et al., 2019). Straightforwardly, these propositions are implemented here for planetary atmospheres and we also provide a slightly modified version of the algorithm that simultaneously estimates the radiance and its gradient with respect to the radiative properties (e.g., absorption coefficients, scattering coefficients and surface reflectivities). Gradient estimation preserves the insensitivity of calculation time to the geometric complexity. The method is applied to Titan. Its performance and limitations are discussed together with the perspectives of being integrated into the inversion routine of planetary data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 109722"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145447993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}