Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Theoretical and experimental electron collisions broadening parameters for several Sc II spectral lines of industrial and astrophysical interest","authors":"Lucía Isidoro-García ,&nbsp;Isabel de Andrés-García ,&nbsp;Juan Porro ,&nbsp;Francisco Fernández ,&nbsp;Cristóbal Colón","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electron collision broadening parameters of 9 singly ionized scandium spectral lines (and 1 neutral scandium spectral line) were experimentally measured in laser-induced breakdown experiments using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser focused on Pb-Sc alloy samples. Furthermore, calculations of these parameters were performed for 56 singly ionized scandium spectral lines in the semi-empirical Griem approach using the Gaunt factors proposed by Van Regemorter and those proposed by Douglas H. Sampson.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 109587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doubly excited (v4=2) vibrational state of 12CH2 35Cl2: Centrifugal distortion and quadrupole splittings in the submillimeter wave spectra up to 1.1 THz","authors":"O.N. Ulenikov,&nbsp;O.V. Gromova,&nbsp;E.S. Bekhtereva,&nbsp;V.E. Nikolaeva,&nbsp;E.D. Gorbacheva","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high resolution submillimeter wave spectra of the <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>35</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>Cl<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> methylene chloride (six spectra were recorded in different parts of the 0.075–1.1 THz spectral region in the I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln (Germany) and Laboratoire PhLAM, Université de Lille (France)) were analyzed in the frame of Watson’s Hamiltonian in <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>−</mo></mrow></math></span>reduction and <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msup><mo>−</mo></mrow></math></span> representation with the use of the SPFIT/SPCAT package of Pickett. The 2368 unresolved lines (including 878 peripheral lines of triplets) with the maximum values of quantum number <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>max</mtext></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>83</mn></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>max</mtext></mrow></msubsup><mo>=</mo><mn>19</mn></mrow></math></span> were assigned in the experimental spectra to the <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> vibrational state. Weighted fit of the rotational and centrifugal distortion parameters, as well as, of the nuclear quadrupole splitting parameters was made. The eleven rotational and centrifugal distortion parameters and three nuclear quadrupole coupling parameters obtained from the fit reproduce values of the experimental multiplet centers with the root mean square deviation of 36 kHz and of the experimental peripheral lines of triplets with <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>rms</mtext></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>47</mn></mrow></math></span> kHz. Comparison with the rotational and centrifugal distortion parameters of the <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> vibrational state known in the literature is made and shown that they reproduce the same set of the experimental line positions with <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>rms</mtext></mrow></msub></math></span> that is 130 times worse in comparison with the results of the present study. As to the quadrupole coupling <span><math><mrow><mi>χ</mi><mo>−</mo></mrow></math></span>parameters, it was found that the three <span><math><mrow><mi>χ</mi><mo>−</mo></mrow></math></span>parameters obtained in the fit correlate very well with the corresponding parameters from the recent paper by Z. Kisiel (J Mol Spectrosc 2024;406:111954).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 109585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An unstructured lattice Boltzmann method for numerical simulation of radiative transfer in porous media","authors":"Caiyun Wang,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Liu,&nbsp;Mingqi Liu,&nbsp;Yijie Wei,&nbsp;Yong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An unstructured lattice Boltzmann method for simulating radiative transfer in porous media at the pore scale is developed based on Chapman-Enskog analysis, Taylor expansion, and finite-volume discretization. The unstructured lattice Boltzmann method achieves an order of magnitude improvement in efficiency over the Monte Carlo method while maintaining comparable accuracy in two-dimensional benchmark cases. Utilizing the developed unstructured lattice Boltzmann method, the effects of skeleton surface emissivity, cross-sectional number, shape, and size on radiative transfer are investigated. Results reveal that skeleton emissivity significantly influences temperature and heat flux distribution, while cross-sectional geometry affects temperature uniformity, especially for structures with fewer pores. The findings underscore the importance of balancing key parameters for optimal thermal radiation performance in porous media. The unstructured lattice Boltzmann method presents a promising tool for advancing the understanding of radiative transfer in complex porous systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 109591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shift of the linear polarization angle of light scattered by anisotropic aerosol and hydrosol particles","authors":"Ynon Hefets,&nbsp;Carynelisa Haspel","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We simulate single scattering by two types of compositions of scatterers, soot-aerosol-like and organic/mineral-hydrosol-like, with three different overall shapes, ideal amorphous solid spherical aggregates, fractal aggregates, and helices. We expand our recently developed flexible scattering order formulation of the discrete dipole approximation approach to allow birefringent as well as isotropic polarizabilities. Using this formulation for simulating birefringence and the multiple sphere T-matrix (MSTM) model for simulating intrinsic chirality, we contrast the scattering by particles with anisotropic refractive indices, both optically active and birefringent. Then for each polarizability, we calculate the shift of the linear polarization angle (SoLPA) of the scattered light relative to the scattering plane. We investigate the influence of chirality strength, absorption, birefringence strength, and scatterer size on the SoLPA. We find that for single scattering, the SoLPA resulting from intrinsic optical activity is relatively low (<span><math><mrow><mo>≲</mo><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math></span>), while the SoLPA resulting from birefringence can be relatively large (&gt;1°) or even very large in some cases (&gt;10°). We find that the SoLPA increases approximately linearly with chirality strength, and for low to moderate birefringence strengths, the SoLPA is also increases approximately linearly with birefringence strength. However, for higher birefringence strengths, the linearity of the SoLPA with birefringence strength can break down. We also find that the spatial patterns of the variations in SoLPA as a function of intrinsic chirality strength and birefringence strength tend to be similar for the fractal aggregate and helical scatterers but differ significantly for the ideal amorphous solid aggregate as compared to the other two shapes. This result has implications for any scattering particle whose constituent parts are not arranged on a regular, crystalline-like grid. The SoLPA examined here can become even more significant in multiple scattering environments and thus could have important implications for remote sensing and understanding of polarization sensitive marine species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 109593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine- and hyperfine structure semi-empirical studies of singly ionized niobium. Even-parity configurations system","authors":"J. Ruczkowski ,&nbsp;M. Elantkowska ,&nbsp;M. Klempka","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the results of semi-empirical calculations of the fine structure (<em>fs</em>) and the hyperfine structure (<em>hfs</em>) for the even-parity level system of the niobium ion (Nb II), using all available experimental data. The calculations carried out showed, in most cases, very good agreement, within or slightly above the experimental uncertainty, between the 168 experimental values of the magnetic dipole <em>hfs A</em> constants and the calculated ones. The predicted energies of electronic levels, together with their Landé <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> factors, along with the <em>hfs</em> <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> constants for unknown levels, are also provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 109583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WARPE: A parallelized Monte Carlo ray tracing approach to evaluate the travel-time in turbid plane-parallel media with interfaces","authors":"J. Barron ,&nbsp;F. Schmidt ,&nbsp;F. Andrieu","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a Monte Carlo Ray tracing model called WARPE (Waveform Analysis and Ray Profiling for Exploration) to study the travel-time in turbid plane-parallel media with possible interaction at interfaces. It is an efficient model with a fast computation time guaranteed by ray batch parallelization. This model has been validated for both spatial and time dimension of the radiative transfer using robust reference models. An application to explore the influence of the radiative parameters has been conducted and reveal that optical depth, single scattering albedo, directionality of the medium, refractive index and extinction coefficient have a crucial role on the time-resolved reflectance. This is illustrated by peak features representing the various back and forth travels of the light in the medium for both diffused and unaffected rays. The top reflection at the first interface and the background scattering are described as well. This model shall be used with inversion method in order to interpret real data to improve the understanding of the microphysics of turbid media with interfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 109575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Stark effect at high electric fields in the near-infrared spectrum of atomic carbon","authors":"Slawomir Werbowy","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies of the static Stark effect for the near-infrared lines: 833.514 nm, 906.143 nm, 906.247 nm, 907.828 nm, 908.851 nm, 909.483 nm, 911.180 nm, 940.573 nm, 960.303 nm, and 962.078 nm (air wavelengths) of atomic carbon are reported. From the Stark patterns recorded at very high electric fields up to 660 kV/cm the differences of the scalar polarizabilities <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> for the investigated lines were determined. The tensor polarizabilities <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> were found to be very small and below the capabilities of the current experience. For all lines, the following are the first experimental results.</div><div>The polarizabilities <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> have been calculated for investigated levels of the 2s<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>2p3s and 2s<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>2p3p configurations based on the experimental results. The agreement between the calculation and experimental results is very good. This allowed for the prediction of reliable values for other lines involving the studied energy levels in this difficult spectral range. The presented data should serve as a basis for the analysis of the Stark and ion broadening in a plasma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"345 ","pages":"Article 109578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave radiometric measurements and simulations of the Zeeman-affected rotational transition of oxygen at 233.95 GHz","authors":"Richard Johansson ,&nbsp;Uwe Raffalski ,&nbsp;Mathias Milz ,&nbsp;Richard Larsson","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we present measurements of the Zeeman affected rotational transition of atmospheric oxygen (<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>16</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>18</mn></mrow></msup><mi>O</mi></mrow></math></span>) at 233.95 GHz. These observations were conducted using the KIruna Microwave RAdiometer (KIMRA) at the Swedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF) in Kiruna, Sweden. The data presented here are an example set of our continuous observations collected during a calm period of Earth’s magnetosphere on January 4, 2024, in four different lines of sight. All measurements were taken at a fixed zenith angle of <span><math><mrow><mn>77</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>, while the azimuth angle varied from 0° to 270° in steps of 90°. The measurements successfully resolved each sub-line of the transition, and comparisons with simulations performed using PyARTS showed excellent agreement between the observations and simulations in all directions. Oxygen emission lines at lower frequencies have been used to retrieve temperature profiles in the stratosphere. We found, however, that the signatures at this particular frequency at 233.95 GHz are not suited for atmospheric temperature profiling unlike those at lower frequencies, such as 118 GHz or signatures in the 50–60 GHz Oxygen band.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 109579"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zeeman- hyperfine structure of niobium by laser spectroscopy investigations","authors":"Ł.M. Sobolewski ,&nbsp;B. Furmann ,&nbsp;P. Głowacki ,&nbsp;D. Stefańska","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy was used for the investigation of the Zeeman-hyperfine structure of 21 lines of atomic niobium in the visible region from 498 to 564 nm. The source of atoms was the hollow cathode discharge lamp. The magnetic field of approximately 900 G was produced by a permanent neodymium magnet. Landé <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> factor values for 3 levels were experimentally determined for the first time. For 9 other levels more accurate results were obtained. In addition earlier experimental data on the hyperfine structure as well as the data regarding Landé <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> factors were verified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"345 ","pages":"Article 109580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation characteristics of microalgae for different aggregation states: a case of Scenedesmus obliquus","authors":"Tianbo Hou,&nbsp;Chenghao Lv,&nbsp;Miao Jiang,&nbsp;Zongyu Xiao,&nbsp;Xingcan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aggregation state of microalgae during their growth process has a significant impact on their optical radiation characteristics. This article takes <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em> as an example and proposes a novel cell construction method that comprehensively considers the complex multi-component structure of microalgae. Three different models, namely single growth, paired growth, and four aggregation growth are established for microalgae cells with different aggregation states. The DDA (Discrete Dipole Approximation) method is used for theoretical calculations and compared with experimental data for verification. Compared with the models of <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em> in three aggregation states (single, paired, and four growth), the weighted average calculation effectively reduced the theoretical calculation deviation by 15 % - 200 % through the weighted average of the results. The results show that the microalgae cell model considering multi-component complex structures has high computational accuracy and is in good agreement with experimental results. In addition, when considering the effect of microalgae cell aggregation, the absorption cross-section and scattering cross-section are greatly affected, while the scattering phase function is less affected by aggregation. The values of absorption cross-section and scattering cross-section grow in a multiplicative manner with the increase of aggregation numbers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"345 ","pages":"Article 109584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}