Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Quantifying the impact of the transition to LED lighting on night sky brightness and colour using ground-based measurements and satellite imagery","authors":"Camille Labrousse ,&nbsp;Carynelisa Haspel ,&nbsp;Noam Levin","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nighttime light pollution is gaining significant interest in the scientific community and the public due to its harmful effects on human health, ecosystems, and leisure activities. Recently, many countries worldwide have been retrofitting their streetlights with light emitting diodes (LEDs) to enable smart street lighting while reducing energy use for street lights. However, little is known about the rate of change in brightness and even less about the new composition of the nighttime light spectrum. In this study, we investigated the changes of brightness and colour of light pollution at night in a major road interchange, conducting measurements before and after the transition from high pressure sodium (HPS) yellow street lights to white LED lights. We used two ground-based photometers, one fixed (TESS-4C) and one mobile (LANcube), which provided long-term record of the artificial light at night at this location. We also quantified changes in nighttime lights as observed by the multispectral nighttime lights satellite SDGSAT-1. To ensure non-biased conditions, we used a random forest model to discriminate between clear and cloudy nights for our analysis of the TESS-4C measurements. These instruments offer a comprehensive analysis by measuring night-time brightness in various units and capturing distinct response spectra across different colour bands. We found an increase in nighttime brightness after the interchange was equipped with LED lamps compared to the previous HPS lamps. However, this increase was only identified by the ground sensors and not by the satellite. All sensors identified a shift in the emitted spectrum towards shorter wavelengths, with an increase in the red/green ratio being the most consistent across the sensors in quantifying the spectral change. We discuss the advantages of each instrument used and explore the expected changes in artificial nighttime light for areas that are retrofitting their streetlights with similar LED lamps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"340 ","pages":"Article 109450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring single parameter evolution over the course of interferogram acquisition in FTIR systems: Application to gas leak measurement","authors":"David Santalices ,&nbsp;Juan Meléndez ,&nbsp;Susana Briz","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel methodology for retrieving the temporal evolution of a single physical parameter throughout the course of measurements conducted with imaging-FTIR systems. Rather than operating in the spectral domain, the proposed approach performs parameter fitting directly in the interferogram (i.e., the time or Optical Path Difference (OPD) domain). The method is based on a linearization of the incoming radiance, formulated as a function of a single parameter. This enables the decomposition of the interferogram into an average component and a fluctuating component. The calculation of the derivative of this component with respect to the parameter of interest makes it possible to retrieve the instantaneous value of the parameter. Validation is conducted via numerical simulations and subsequently applied to a real-world scenario involving a gas leak, where the fluctuating parameter is the column density of the gas. By achieving temporal resolution within a single measurement, this methodology addresses the inherent temporal resolution limitations of imaging FTIR systems. These advancements significantly enhance the applicability of FTIR systems for studying the temporal dynamics of scenarios requiring high temporal resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 109429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving emissivity measurement accuracy using FTIR-based infrared ellipsometer for narrow-angle directional thermal radiation","authors":"Azusa Sudo ,&nbsp;Ryunosuke Moriya ,&nbsp;Sumitaka Tachikawa ,&nbsp;Atsushi Sakurai","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate emissivity measurement is essential for characterizing metasurfaces with highly directional thermal radiation. Traditional Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, particularly when using focusing optics, introduces measurement artifacts due to divergence angle effects, leading to underestimated emissivity and angular deviations. This study investigates the use of FTIR-based infrared ellipsometer to improve emissivity measurement accuracy for narrow-angle thermal emitters. By systematically comparing a focusing FTIR system and an FTIR-based ellipsometer, we quantitatively evaluate the impact of divergence angle on emissivity measurements. The results indicate that the divergence angle in focusing FTIR systems leads to a reduction in measured emissivity to less than two-thirds of the expected value, while the ellipsometer, when properly configured, mitigates these errors through controlled collimation of incident light. Furthermore, we propose a method to determine and correct divergence angle effects using mathematical modeling and optical path analysis. The divergence angles were measured as 11°–13° for the focusing FTIR system and 1.04°–2.08° for the ellipsometer, demonstrating the effectiveness of ellipsometer in reducing measurement uncertainties. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing measurement techniques in narrow-angle thermal radiation characterization. By improving emissivity measurement accuracy, this study facilitates advancements in thermophotovoltaics, infrared sensing, and radiative heat transfer applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"340 ","pages":"Article 109446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light scattering and absorption by particles: The Q-space approach by C. M. Sorensen","authors":"Gorden Videen","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109431","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"340 ","pages":"Article 109431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct inversion method for the retrieval of ozone number density profiles from observations of solar radiation scattering by the atmospheric limb","authors":"D. Fussen,&nbsp;N. Baker,&nbsp;A. Berthelot,&nbsp;E. Dekemper,&nbsp;P. Gramme,&nbsp;N. Mateshvili,&nbsp;K. Rose,&nbsp;S. Sotiriadis","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atmospheric sounding from a space instrument usually leads to solving some inverse problem to retrieve a vertical number density profile of a particular constituent like ozone. The paper starts to consider the total number of calls to the forward model that are necessary to iteratively process a large ensemble of observations. For a comparable computational effort, it can be useful to generate a large ensemble of synthetic cases and the associated principal components for both state vector and measurement vector spaces. Then, a direct inverse mapping is obtained by a nonlinear regression through an artificial neural network. The inversion operator is accurate and robust to noise. A test bench is to apply this direct method to the OMPS-LP limb data and to compare the performances with two other published retrieval algorithms. The inter-comparison turns out to be statistically meaningful for a full month of data. Measurement errors are estimated by a Monte-Carlo approach, and averaging kernels are computed with two different methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 109426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143678149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A gas cell for high-temperature and high-pressure absorption spectroscopy: Application to CO2 near 2.7 µm","authors":"Sulaiman A. Alturaifi","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the design, validation, and application of a new optically accessible gas cell capable of supporting high-pressure and high-temperature environments. The new cell enabled spectroscopic studies to be performed at pressures up to 200 atm and temperatures up to 1300 K. The cell was manufactured from a nickel alloy material to allow for high-temperature operation. Long sapphire rods allowed optical access to the high-pressure and high-temperature test region while maintaining all seals at a low temperature outside the heated zone. Validation tests were conducted to demonstrate a highly uniform temperature distribution across the 10-cm optical path length. Subsequently, absorbance measurements were performed for CO₂ in air near 2.7 µm under wide range of conditions (i.e., up to 1110 K and 50 atm), and the obtained results were compared with the Voigt profile simulations obtained using the HITRAN/HITEMP databases. Furthermore, a series of low-pressure absorbance measurements were performed at temperatures ranging from 300 to 1100 K to comprehensively characterize the spectroscopic parameters (i.e., line strength, air-broadening coefficient, and temperature exponent) for two selected CO₂ transitions. The obtained parameters were found to be in excellent agreement with the values reported in the HITRAN database. This new gas cell will be expected to enable future spectroscopic studies of various molecules, particularly at high temperatures and pressures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 109445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in polarization imaging: Techniques and instrumentation","authors":"Vipin Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polarization imaging has drawn significant attention from the research fraternity for decades due to its prominent imaging capabilities across multidisciplinary fields. Polarization imaging is based on the study of vectorial properties of light and associated vectorial transformations resulting from light-matter interaction. The range of polarization imaging and its applications is so broad that it is very challenging to accommodate all relevant concepts and applications in a single literature. This review article is an attempt in this direction. This paper presents a concise review of polarization imaging from fundamental to advanced level, covering the essential elements, such as historical development, theoretical concepts, and experimental aspects of polarization imaging, followed by a brief introduction to traditional and modern polarization imaging instruments. This review article aims to provide a reference text for readers from various research backgrounds interested in polarization imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 109427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constrained optimization of sensor locations for existing light-pollution monitoring networks","authors":"Rodrigo Lopez-Farias ,&nbsp;S. Ivvan Valdez ,&nbsp;Jorge Paredes-Tavares ,&nbsp;Hector Lamphar","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high levels of nocturnal artificial light emissions from urban areas induce adverse effects on the environment and human health. Having adequate monitoring provides information for planning public policies and measuring their degree of achievement. Consequently, there is a need for optimal designing or redesigning of Light-Pollution Monitoring Networks focused on sensing the most impacting regions such as protected natural areas, and delivering representative measurements of the whole region of interest. This article addresses the optimum redesign and improvement of existing monitoring networks constrained to relocating a limited number of sensors. Furthermore, we introduce metrics to evaluate the covering region of a network and its accuracy for recovering artificial light emission levels of the whole area. Then, we find the sensor locations that maximize such metrics and, consequently, the monitoring performance. Our results are novel designs that use punctual measurements to estimate light levels of the whole region of interest for different numbers of sensors. Finally, the method, metrics, and a study case provide clear guidelines for the re-design of monitoring networks regarding sensitive zones for health, urban, or ecological planning, as well as the intensity of light emissions and existing monitoring networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 109396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Landé g-factors for the 1s22s22p1/2 and 1s22s22p3/2 states of middle-Z B-like ions: Importance from negative energy states","authors":"Ji-Min Wang ,&nbsp;Yong-Zhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong-Bo Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we calculate the Landé g-factors for the <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mn>2</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mn>2</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> states in B-like systems with nuclear charges <span><math><mi>Z</mi></math></span> ranging from 10 to 20. Our method starts with the Dirac–Coulomb–Breit Hamiltonian, incorporating electron correlation effects from both negative-energy and positive-energy states using third-order many-body perturbation theory, and including leading-order quantum electrodynamics (QED) corrections through an approximate method. A key aspect of this research is to elucidate the role played by negative-energy states in determining Landé g-factors for B-like ions. Our findings reveal that negative-energy states are crucial for accurately evaluating the Landé g-factors for these states. The contributions from negative-energy states and positive-energy states are of similar magnitude but with opposite signs, resulting in a significant cancellation. The accuracy of our calculations is verified by comparing our results with available experimental results, showing good agreement. This work may serve as a valuable reference for future precise calculations of Landé g-factors in heavy atomic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 109413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying shortwave radiative forcing and heating rates of UTLS aerosols in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone region","authors":"V.N. Santhosh,&nbsp;B.L. Madhavan,&nbsp;M. Venkat Ratnam","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study quantifies the shortwave (SW) direct radiative forcing and heating rates associated with the monsoonal aerosol enhancements in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) over a broad spatial domain (25°N to 37.5°N and 40°E to 95°E) within the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone (ASMA) region. Using satellites and reanalysis data, we examine three dominant aerosol scenarios—sulfate, nitrate, and anthropogenic aerosols—and demonstrate that these enhancements induce a cooling at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), with radiative forcing estimates ranging from −0.13 to −0.19 Wm^-2. Our analysis reveals increased upwelling SW fluxes at the TOA during the monsoon, with forcings reaching −0.2 Wm^-2 relative to winter conditions. While both scattering aerosols (sulfates and nitrates) and absorbing aerosols (anthropogenic) contribute to TOA cooling, the magnitude of cooling from anthropogenic aerosols is comparatively smaller. Within the UTLS column (12–20 km), heating rates peak at 0.04 K day^-1 for anthropogenic aerosols, while those associated with sulfate and nitrate aerosols remain significantly lower. Additionally, the study identifies key atmospheric changes during the monsoon, including elevated water vapor concentrations, reduced temperatures, and deceased ozone levels, both spatially and vertically, across the study domain. These findings underscore the critical role of Asian tropopause aerosols in shaping the regional radiation budget, emphasizing the need for their inclusion in future climate model assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 109430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}