Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Spin–orbit induced charge transfer in H+/D+/T+-N(4S) collisions","authors":"M. Buchowiecki ,&nbsp;T. Jíra","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The charge transfer in a nonadiabatic spin–orbit induced process N(⁴S) + H<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> <span><math><mo>→</mo></math></span> N<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>(³P) + H(²S) is investigated. The cross section and the rate constant are reported and compared with other calculations, correcting the previous values based on approximate potentials.</div><div>The calculation is extended to collisions involving deuterium and tritium, which are relevant for the transport codes (such as SOLPS-ITER) used in the modeling of fusion plasma.</div><div>The method used is a combination of the Landau–Zener theory with a novel methodology based on one-dimensional Gaussian wavepacket propagation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 109697"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimulated radiative association of He and C2+","authors":"Pavel Soldán","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stimulated radiative association of He and C<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> is investigated for temperatures <span><math><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>…</mo><mn>10</mn><mspace></mspace><mn>000</mn></mrow></math></span> K and a wide range of background-radiation temperatures, <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>…</mo><mn>50</mn><mspace></mspace><mn>000</mn></mrow></math></span> K. New HeC<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> potential energy curve is calculated by extrapolating the curves obtained by high-level <em>ab initio</em> calculations. Then the scattering cross section for the HeC<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> formation by stimulated radiative association of He and C<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> is calculated as a function of collision energy using a fully quantum mechanical approach. From these, the temperature-dependent rate coefficient of this process is determined for selected background temperatures. Barrier-less potential energy curve of HeC<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> supports 24 vibrational levels and 674 bound rovibrational states. 88 rovibrational resonances embedded in the potential continuum participate in the radiative association process. The rate coefficient for the spontaneous process monotonically decreases from <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> s⁻¹ to <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>22</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> s⁻¹. The rate coefficients for stimulated processes increase with increasing background-radiation temperatures by up to two orders of magnitude for <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>50</mn><mspace></mspace><mn>000</mn></mrow></math></span> K.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 109699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High temperature collisional broadening of the oxygen A-band for partners O2, N2, and Ar","authors":"D.P. Merrell ,&nbsp;Alexis Thoeny ,&nbsp;Christopher L. Strand ,&nbsp;R.K. Hanson","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The oxygen A-band (b¹<span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>Σ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> <span><math><mo>←</mo></math></span> X³<span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>Σ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span>) line positions, strengths, and shapes have been measured with great accuracy at room temperature for a variety of mixtures. This work seeks to extend measurements of lineshape to higher temperatures for broadening partners O₂, N₂, and Ar using a new pathlength amplification technique for shock tubes. A reflected shock tube is used to generate conditions of interest up to 2500 K in O₂ and 1800 K in mixtures of O₂, N₂, and Ar. Absorption lineshapes are measured directly using scanned direct absorbance spectroscopy and fit using a Voigt lineshape profile. Self broadening is reported for selected quanta in both R and P branches for J” 4–46 and for nitrogen and argon broadening for J” 12–46. An empirical broadening model is fit and reported for each broadening partner based on measurements from this work and room temperature data from previous works.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 109683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angular-spatial hp-adaptivity for radiative transfer with discontinuous Galerkin spectral element methods","authors":"Jason L. Torchinsky ,&nbsp;Shukai Du ,&nbsp;Samuel N. Stechmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiative transfer is important for many science and engineering applications, and numerical simulations of radiative transfer can be challenging. For instance, the radiation field is seven-dimensional – three spatial, two angular, one wavelength, and one temporal – and often features steep gradients. Therefore, memory usage is a key issue. To reduce memory, some past work has investigated the use of adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), typically for either the spatial or angular coordinate, and typically for only <span><math><mi>h</mi></math></span>-adaptivity. Here, we propose the use of AMR for the spatial and angular coordinates together, and the use of <span><math><mi>h</mi></math></span>- and <span><math><mi>p</mi></math></span>-adaptivity together as <span><math><mrow><mi>h</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></math></span>-AMR for the potential for further memory savings. We implemented the proposed method for several test cases in two spatial and one angular dimension, with the discontinuous Galerkin spectral element method. These test cases featured highly anisotropic angular radiation, with or without steep spatial gradients. Our primary findings from these test cases were: (1) Angular <span><math><mrow><mi>h</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></math></span>-adaptivity can deliver the radiation solution with the same accuracy as, and with much less computational memory than, uniform angular <span><math><mi>h</mi></math></span>- or <span><math><mi>p</mi></math></span>-refinements, or angular <span><math><mi>h</mi></math></span>-adaptivity alone. This is most obvious when the incoming radiation is highly anisotropic, in which case the savings can be orders of magnitude. (2) Full spatial-angular <span><math><mrow><mi>h</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></math></span>-adaptivity is more efficient in solution representation, compared to solely spatial or solely angular <span><math><mrow><mi>h</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></math></span>-adaptivity. This is most evident when steep gradients are present in both the spatial and angular distribution. These results suggest that adaptive spatial-angular <span><math><mrow><mi>h</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></math></span>-refinement may perform well in large-scale seven-dimensional applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 109687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal calibration for the simplified on-orbit external heat flux calculation method","authors":"Qianwen Wang,&nbsp;Yuxi Li,&nbsp;Yongbiao Xue,&nbsp;Biao Zhang,&nbsp;Chuanlong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The MODTRAN-based external heat flux (EHF) calculation method provides greater accuracy than the simplified approach, which assumes a constant albedo for Earth. However, unlike the simplified method, the MODTRAN-based approach lacks the computational speed required for real-time applications. Therefore, this study investigated calibrating the simplified method using the Gaussian process regression (GPR) to align its results with the MODTRAN-based benchmark better. During the Spring Equinox, Summer Solstice, Autumn Equinox, and Winter Solstice, the maximum percentage absolute error of the calibrated simplified method was below 2 %, representing a 13 % reduction in error compared to the uncalibrated method. The EHF values obtained from the MODTRAN-based, simplified, and calibrated methods were used to simulate spacecraft temperature distributions. The results demonstrate that the calibrated method effectively reduced errors, producing temperature distributions closer to the benchmark and confirming the necessity and effectiveness of seasonal calibrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 109693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First line intensities of the ν3+ν6 band of methyl fluoride","authors":"H. Ziadi ,&nbsp;M. Rey ,&nbsp;B. Grouiez ,&nbsp;A.V. Nikitin ,&nbsp;M. Rotger ,&nbsp;H. Aroui","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infrared spectra of CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>F were recorded in the 2200 cm⁻¹ region using a Fourier transform spectrometer in Reims, France, with a resolution of 0.003 cm⁻¹. The measurements were conducted using spectra recorded using a White-type cell (set to an absorption path length equal to 8.26 m) and different pressures of CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>F (1–15 mbar). This spectral region corresponds to the <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> band, which is measured for the first time in this work. Experimental line positions and intensities were determined using the Voigt lineshape together with a single-spectrum fitting procedure. The band assignment was carried out up to <span><math><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>45</mn></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>K</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>15</mn></mrow></math></span> using our home-made SpectraMatcher computer code, resulting in more than 1800 measured lines. Strong intensity perturbations were observed, explained by a strong Coriolis coupling between the upper states of the <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> bands. The squared dipole moment was determined for each transition, resulting in the determination of the vibrational transition moment and the Herman–Wallis coefficients of the <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> band using the Watson’s model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 109684"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution (8–16 MHz) rovibrational absorption spectra of low-pressure methanol, ethanol, isoprene, and dimethyl sulfide at 700–1500 cm-1 measured via dual-comb spectroscopy","authors":"D. Konnov,&nbsp;A. Muraviev,&nbsp;K.L. Vodopyanov","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We employ dual-comb spectroscopy, a state-of-the-art technique that utilizes a pair of broadband mutually coherent laser frequency combs, to acquire high spectral resolution mid-infrared absorption spectra of molecules relevant to terrestrial and exoplanetary atmospheres. We have recorded room-temperature spectra of low-pressure methanol, ethanol, isoprene, and dimethyl sulfide in the 700–1500 cm⁻¹ (6.7–14.3 µm) range with the resolution down to 8 MHz (2.7 × 10⁻⁴ cm⁻¹) and with the absolute frequency accuracy of 10^–7 cm⁻¹, limited by the accuracy of a rubidium atomic clock. To date, this dataset represents the most comprehensive longwave infrared absorption spectra of these four molecules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 109690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-temperature infrared spectroscopy of selected aromatics, PAHs, and olefins in the long-wave infrared range","authors":"Ihsan Farouki,&nbsp;Bassam Dally,&nbsp;Aamir Farooq","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extending the literature of high-temperature cross-sections is essential for the progress of high-temperature reaction-kinetics investigations and the advancement of exoplanet and distant star sensing. This study aims to contribute to the sparse literature of high-temperature cross-section data in the long-wave infrared range (LWIR) by presenting new absorption cross-section measurements of benzene, toluene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, propylene and 1,3-butadiene over 500 – 4000 cm^-1, at temperatures up to 1000 K and at atmospheric pressure.</div><div>A high-temperature optical cell which enables access to the LWIR “fingerprint” region was utilized and, for high-boiling-point species, a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to prepare gas-phase mixtures with accurately quantified mole fractions. The presented novel experimental approach is of value as it may be extended to an array of other molecules and conditions in future studies.</div><div>The recorded vibrational bands in the LWIR range displayed spectral broadening and shifted towards longer wavelengths with increasing temperature, which are anticipated behaviors. In contrast to what is commonly assumed, integrated band intensities were found to mostly increase as a function of temperature over the covered temperature ranges. The experimental setup and methods were validated by comparing a subset of the measurements to data reported in the literature. The uncertainty in the reported results is estimated at ±5.2%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 109689"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron-impact collision strengths and rate coefficients for W vii - applications in fusion plasma modelling","authors":"N.E. McElroy ,&nbsp;C.A. Ramsbottom ,&nbsp;M.G. O’ Mullane ,&nbsp;C.P. Ballance","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, Tungsten (W) remains one of the most important materials used in plasma facing components (PFCs) in tokamaks in regards to the construction of divertors and first wall materials. Plasma modelling, including erosion and transport studies, are hindered by the lack of comprehensive atomic data sets available, especially for the atomic structure and excitation rate coefficients. This paper presents a Multi-Configurational Dirac–Fock (<span>MCDF</span>) approach to the atomic structure of W <span>VII</span> which is the foundation of a subsequent Dirac Atomic R-Matrix Calculation (<span>DARC</span>) for electron-impact excitation. The collision calculations initially produce collision strengths for a wide range of incident electron energies, which are then Maxwellian convolved to produce effective collision strengths across a range of relevant temperatures. Derived transition rates from the atomic structure and excitation rates from the collisional evaluations form the basis of a collisional-radiative model to calculate Photon Emmisivity Coefficients (PECs) under a variety of pertinent electron temperatures and densities. The resulting synthetic spectra are compared with measured spectra taken at the Joint European Torus (JET) experiment and very good agreement is found for some diagnostically significant transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 109685"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absorption and scattering properties of nanoparticles in an absorbing medium: Modeling with experimental validation","authors":"Thi Hong Pham ,&nbsp;Kien Trung Nguyen ,&nbsp;Viet Tuyen Nguyen ,&nbsp;Hung Q. Nguyen ,&nbsp;H.T.M. Nghiem","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Absorption and scattering properties of nanoparticles immersed in an absorbing medium are essential in understanding the overall properties of composites and in designing materials with expected functionalities. In this paper, we establish a model based on both Kubelka–Munk theory and Mie theory that links the absorption and scattering properties of individual particles with the reflectance and transmittance spectra of its thin-film composite, supported by detailed experiments. Thin films consisting of TiO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> nanoparticles embedded in PMMA are fabricated on glass substrates using spin-coating and then peeled off to form standalone samples for spectroscopy measurements. By using the Kubelka–Munk theory in combination with the Saunderson correction, the absorption <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span> and scattering <span><math><mi>S</mi></math></span> coefficients of multiple nanoparticles are extracted from the measured transmittance and reflectance. On the other hand, the absorption <span><math><mi>K</mi></math></span> and scattering <span><math><mi>S</mi></math></span> coefficients are the sum of absorption and scattering cross-sections of individual particles, which are calculated from the Mie theory specified for particles in an absorbing medium, with the scattering <span><math><mi>S</mi></math></span> coefficient further modulated by the anisotropy factor <span><math><mi>g</mi></math></span>. The effect of the particulate medium is incorporated through an effective refractive index. The overall model is validated by matching well between the <span><math><mrow><mi>K</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> coefficients extracted from experimental data and theoretical calculations. This agreement provides deep insight into the significant attenuating effect of absorption and scattering on each particle due to the surrounding medium. The validated model of nanoparticles immersed in an absorbing medium can be used to obtain preliminary results for materials designed in a number of applications, such as radiative cooling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 109679"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}