Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities最新文献

{"title":"Socioeconomic Status, Social Support, and Quality of Life Among Black Adults.","authors":"Elijah R Murphy, Guillermo M Wippold, Zion R Crichlow","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02204-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02204-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Socioeconomic status has a pervasive influence on one's health and quality of life. Social support is known as a factor that can minimize the risk of maladaptive health outcomes while promoting greater quality of life. The purpose of this study was to examine the direct and indirect relationships between perceived socioeconomic status, social support, physical quality of life, and psychological quality of life among Black adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 304 (118 men, 186 women) adults who identified as African American or Black. Ages ranged from 18 to 75 (Mage = 37.62 years, SD = 12.39 years) and completed a battery of self-report questionnaires on perceived socioeconomic status, social support, physical quality of life, and psychological quality of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural equation modeling analyses demonstrated that perceived socioeconomic status is associated with greater social support, physical quality of life, and psychological quality of life. Perceived socioeconomic status was also associated with higher physical quality of life and psychological quality of life indirectly through more social support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide evidence that perceived socioeconomic status is directly associated with greater quality of life in Black adults. Social support acts as a partial mediator in the relationship between socioeconomic status and quality of life. This research brings to attention the influence that socioeconomic status and social support have on the quality of life of Black adults. These factors are of particular importance when considering social determinants of health in Black communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersecting Epidemics: Examining the Impact of Internalized Homophobia and Depression Symptoms on HIV Testing Through a Suicide Syndemic Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men.","authors":"Donte T Boyd, Omar Martinez, Tural Mammadli, Osman Wumpini Shamrock, Gamji Rabiu Abu-Ba'are, Typhanye V Dyer","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02225-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02225-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) in the USA face disproportionate rates of HIV incidence. Mental health vulnerabilities, including depression, anxiety, substance use, and trauma, further exacerbate the HIV epidemic among this population. Internalized homophobia, discrimination, and depression contribute to elevated rates of suicidal behavior among young BMSM, which in turn may influence engagement in HIV prevention behaviors, such as HIV testing. However, limited research has examined the interplay among suicidal behaviors, internalized homophobia, depression, and HIV testing among young BMSM. This study utilized syndemic theory to explore the relationships among these factors in a sample of 400 young BMSM ages 18-29. Results indicate alarming rates of suicidal behavior among young BMSM, with significant associations among internalized homophobia, depression symptoms, suicidal behavior, and HIV testing. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted mental health interventions and HIV prevention services tailored to address the unique challenges faced by young BMSM. Comprehensive, multi-level, community-centered interventions are essential to address the syndemics affecting young BMSM, promoting holistic health and well-being while improving outcomes across the HIV prevention continuum.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Gap: Culturally Responsive Strategies for NIH Trial Recruitment.","authors":"Lindsey Ross, Samuel Eberlein, Carine Khalil, So Yung Choi, Karma McKelvey, Brennan M R Spiegel","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02166-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02166-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To enhance recruitment and participation rates of non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic adult patients in a NIH-funded clinical trial studying an emerging health technology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data sources and study setting: &lt;/strong&gt;This study includes primary data collected in Los Angeles, California from November 2020 through November 2023.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design: &lt;/strong&gt;To improve the representation of NHB and Hispanic patients in a NIH-funded (NCT04409353) trial on virtual reality for chronic lower back pain (cLBP), we conducted a multi-phase study utilizing a mixed-method approach. First, we conducted focus groups with NHB and Hispanic cohorts aged 18 and older; based on the feedback, we culturally adapted recruitment materials and study correspondences concordantly. Additionally, a cohort builder was used to filter the electronic medical record to isolate non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic patients with cLBP for micro-targeted recruitment. These changes were collectively integrated when the parent NIH study had recruited 222 of its 385 final samples (57.7%), creating a pre-post comparison timepoint (May 17, 2022). Quantitative analysis was performed to assess the efficacy of the modified recruitment strategies by comparing the number of recruited and randomized NHB and Hispanic patients pre- and post-intervention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data collection/extraction methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Semi-structured focus groups were conducted with NHB and Hispanic patients and community members (age 18 and older). The focus groups were conducted online and recorded with participant consent; transcripts of the recording underwent inductive thematic analysis. Emergent themes directed the modification of study materials, including revised language and imagery, targeted outreach, and incorporation of treating physicians, were implemented in the second half of the study. Quantitative analyses were conducted following parent study completion by comparing records added to the screening database following the implementation of new recruiting methods (5/17/2022) to those added before.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Principal findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Thematic analysis of focus groups identified four key themes: mistrust, lack of interest, culture, and communication. Modifications to recruitment methodology resulted in statistically significant increases in the pre- to post-randomization success rate for the overall study population (p &lt; 0.001), the NHB population (p = 0.011), and the Hispanic population (p &lt; 0.015). When looking at each cohort at different points in the recruitment process before and after the intervention, in the Hispanic population, we saw significant increases in the number approached (p &lt; 0.001) and number randomized (p &lt; 0.001) and statistically insignificant increases in the NHB population approached (p = 0.067) and randomized (p = 0.295). Similarly, we saw that the changes in the recruitment letter led to a statistically significant increase","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the Public Health Literature Examining the Roles of Socioeconomic Status and Race/Ethnicity on Health Outcomes in the United States.","authors":"Trenton M White, Luisa N Borrell, Ayman El-Mohandes","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02195-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02195-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review of reviews examines the role of socioeconomic status (SES) indicators on health inequities among different racial and ethnic groups in the United States (US) between 2019 and 2023. Of the 419 articles, 27 reviews met the inclusion criteria and were aggregated into seven categories: COVID-19 and respiratory pandemic disparities; neighborhoods, gentrification, and food environment; surgical treatments; mental, psychological, and behavioral health; insurance, access to care, and policy impact; cancers; and other topics. The findings revealed a documented impact of SES indicators on racial/ethnic health inequities, with racial/ethnic minority communities, especially Black Americans, consistently showing poor health outcomes associated with lower SES, regardless of the outcome or indicator examined. These findings call attention to the importance of policies and practices that address socioeconomic factors and systemic racial/ethnic inequities affecting the social determinants of health affecting racial/ethnic inequities to improve health outcomes in the US population.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural Alabamians' Unmet Medical Needs: Rethinking the Roles of Online Health Information-Seeking Behaviors.","authors":"Dongwook Kim, Young Ji Yoon, Luciana Giorgio Cosenzo, Hee Yun Lee","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02207-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02207-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Unmet medical needs in rural areas are of grave concern in the U.S. With the advent of digital technologies, the Internet has become a critical means for accessing essential health information. However, racial/ethnic minority rural communities experiencing scarcity in healthcare services and access to the Internet are underrepresented in digital health studies. This study examined the association between online health information-seeking behaviors and unmet medical needs in a sample of African/Black American adults living in a rural region of the U.S.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among a sample of 191 adults, we used descriptive analyses to document the level of unmet medical needs and online health information-seeking behaviors of this population and conducted logistic regressions to test the association between online health information-seeking behaviors and unmet medical needs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants were older than 50 years old (60.2%), female (68.1%), unemployed (57.6%), and had an annual income of less than $25,000 (60.2%). About 20% of participants experienced unmet medical needs. The mean score of online health information-seeking behaviors was 2.37 (range 0-12). Increasing online health information-seeking behaviors was associated with 5.95 increased odds of experiencing unmet medical needs (OR = 5.95, 95% CI 1.27-27.77).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The finding highlights that it is necessary to develop targeted programs aimed at populations with high unmet medical needs, focusing on providing accessible health information and resources. Further research is warranted to investigate the motivations to engage in online health information-seeking behaviors to inform structural and workforce interventions to address unmet medical needs in this under-resourced region.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connecting Past to Present: Does Historical Redlining Affect Current Life Expectancy?","authors":"Charlotte Freifeld, Ava Camarero, Joanne Oh, Alexandra Fairchok, Karen Yang, Michael Siegel","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02220-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02220-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous research has documented a strong relationship between currently living in the redlined zones of the 1930s and suffering from a higher prevalence of disease. However, little is known about the relationship between historical redlining, modern-day redlining, and current resident health outcomes. This paper aimed to simultaneously model the associations between both historical redlining and modern-day redlining on current health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this paper, we used structural equation modeling to uncover relationships between current and historical redlining practices and modern-day life expectancy, exploring two levels of potential mediating factors: (1) racial segregation and structural racism; and (2) mediating health outcomes. We analyzed data from 11,661 census tracts throughout the United States using historical redlining data from 1940, modern redlining data from 2010 to 2017, racial segregation and structural racism indices from 2010 to 2019, health outcome data from 2021 to 2022, and life expectancy data from 2010 to 2015. Historical redlining was measured using Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) ratings, which ranged from 1.0 for favorable neighborhoods (\"greenlined\") to 4.0 for unfavorable (\"redlined\") neighborhoods. Modern-day redlining was measured using Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data, which were transformed into four quartiles, ranging from level 1 (low mortgage rejection rates) to level 4 (high mortgage rejection rates).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a significant relationship between historic redlining and current life expectancy, with average life expectancy decreasing steadily from 80.7 years in HOLC 1 tracts to 75.7 years in HOLC 4 tracts, a differential of 5.0 years between the greenlined and redlined tracts. We also found a significant relationship between modern-day redlining and current life expectancy, with average life expectancy decreasing steadily from 79.9 years in HMDA 1 tracts to 73.5 years in HMDA 4 tracts, a differential of 6.4 years. In the structural equation model, historical redlining had a total effect of decreasing life expectancy by 1.18 years for each increase of one in the HOLC rating. Modern-day redlining had a total effect of decreasing life expectancy by 1.89 years for each increase of one in the HMDA quartile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This paper provides new evidence that the legacy of redlining is not relegated to the history books but rather is a present and pressing public health issue today.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic Factors Associated with the Utilization of Digital Health Technologies Among Informal Caregivers: A Nationwide Study in the USA, 2022.","authors":"Zahra Mojtahedi, Jay J Shen","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02219-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02219-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Informal caregivers can leverage digital health technologies to support their own health while also assisting patients, particularly those with mental or physical challenges. This study investigated the sociodemographic factors associated with the use of digital health technology among informal caregivers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) were examined for this cross-sectional study. The survey identified key outcomes related to the use of online medical records, health apps, digital wearable health devices, and the digital sharing of health information with professionals, on social media, or with others facing similar health issues. Sociodemographic factors (gender, race/ethnicity, feelings of one's household income, education, and census division) were also analyzed. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were employed. A total of 831 individuals were included, representing about 36,960,385 national informal caregivers in 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Caregivers with a high school education or less (vs. those with at least some college education) and non-Hispanic Black caregivers (vs. non-Hispanic White caregivers) were significantly less likely to be offered access to online medical records by their healthcare providers. Additionally, online medical record usage was lower among caregivers with high school education or less, but higher among caregivers aged 50-64 (vs. those aged 35-49). Caregivers with a high school education or less were less likely to use health apps and digital wearable health devices, but more likely to share personal health information on social media. Men caregivers, those aged 50-64 and over 65 (vs. the 35-49 age group), and caregivers who were dissatisfied with their income were less likely to use digital wearable health devices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings underscore disparities in the utilization of caregivers' digital health technology, particularly in digital wearable health devices. Recognizing and addressing these disparities are crucial for tailoring interventions to enhance equitable access to digital health technology among diverse informal caregiver populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering Early Career Researchers: The Jackson Heart Study Smith Scholars Program.","authors":"Cellas A Hayes, Raymond Jones","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02226-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02226-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The University of Mississippi Medical Center Graduate Training and Education Center houses the Robert E. Smith, MD, Scholars Program, a two-year certificate program that equips predoctoral trainees from five Mississippi universities with advanced research skills in cardiovascular epidemiology. Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the program focuses on addressing health disparities, minority health, and health inequities in underserved communities. Trainees receive mentorship, career coaching, and a $7,500 annual stipend, building a foundation for postdoctoral opportunities and expanding professional networks. The Smith Scholars Program emphasizes population health and provides interdisciplinary training in areas such as biostatistics, scientific communication, and cardiovascular health. It is uniquely positioned to address systemic challenges, particularly in Mississippi, a state with high cardiovascular disease prevalence and limited research funding. The program's regional advantage and its partnership with the Jackson Heart Study offer scholars exposure to health disparities in Black/African American communities, preparing them to contribute to innovative, community-based research. Additionally, it fosters collaborative science, enabling participants to overcome academic barriers and engage with large-scale health equity research efforts. The Smith Scholars Program has been instrumental in shaping the career trajectories of its participants, facilitating their transition to postdoctoral positions and independent research roles.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequity in Fertility Treatment for Patients that Speak a Language Other than English: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Anwyn Pyle, Wan Tinn Teh, Michelle L Giles","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02188-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02188-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess fertility treatment outcomes according to primary language spoken in patients undergoing fertility treatment in an Australian setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study examined female patients who received fertility treatment through a public hospital fertility service between September 2020 and May 2023. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy rate following embryo transfer for patients who spoke English and patients who primarily spoke a language other than English. Poisson regression was used to estimate the association between language spoken and clinical pregnancy rate. Secondary outcomes included rate of other pregnancy outcomes following embryo transfer, number of fertility treatments performed, embryo quality, IVF cancellation rate, discontinuation rate, and time from first fertility appointment to treatment commencement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 916 patients who accessed fertility treatment during the study period, 112 patients (12.23%) primarily spoke a language other than English. There were no significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate following embryo transfer (IRR 0.92, 95% CI 0.60-1.36), or rates of biochemical pregnancy, miscarriage, or negative pregnancy. However, patients who spoke a language other than English received significantly fewer IVF cycles (1.29 ± 0.61 vs 1.63 ± 1.16 cycles, p = 0.006), greater all-cause IVF cancellation rate (41.33% vs 28.33%, p = 0.048), and longer median time from first appointment to first treatment of any type (341 vs 234.5 days, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inequity in all-cause IVF cancellation rate, mean number of IVF cycles, and duration from first fertility appointment to treatment commencement were observed for patients who spoke a language other than English.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex, Racial/Ethnic, and Regional Disparities in Pulmonary Embolism Mortality Trends in the USA, 1999-2020.","authors":"Greta Muriel Eikermann, Christopher Tam, Annika Eyth, Can Martin Ludeke, Aline M Grimme, Tina Ramishvili, Felix Borngaesser, Maira Rudolph, Nicole Aber, Sandra Emily Stoll, Corinne M Kyriacou, Fran A Ganz-Lord, Ibraheem M Karaye","doi":"10.1007/s40615-024-02197-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02197-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While the National Institutes of Health emphasize integrating sex as a biological variable into research, specific considerations of sex-related differences in pulmonary embolism (PE) mortality trends remain scarce. This study examines sex-based PE mortality trends across regional and demographic groups in the USA from 1999 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of National Center for Health Statistics mortality data from 1999 to 2020 was conducted. Using ICD-10 code I26, PE decedents were identified. Piecewise linear regression assessed sex-based temporal trends in PE mortality by age, race/ethnicity, and census region. Annual percentage changes and average annual percentage changes were derived using Weighted Bayesian Information Criteria. The 95% confidence intervals were estimated using the empirical quantile method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1999 to 2020, a total of 179,273 individuals died in the USA due to PE, resulting in an age-adjusted mortality rate of 2.5 per 100,000 persons (95% CI, 2.5-2.5). While men and women exhibited comparable rates in recent time segments and across most subcategories, a higher mortality trend among males compared to females was observed among non-Hispanic White and Hispanic individuals and residents of the Western US census region. These results remained robust even after excluding data from 2020, accounting for the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlights sex-based disparities in PE mortality trends in the USA from 1999 to 2020. Despite overall stable mortality rates, higher trends among males were evident in specific demographic groups and regions. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted interventions to mitigate PE-related mortality discrepancies across diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16921,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}