Evolutionary Applications最新文献

{"title":"Concordant Signal of Genetic Variation Across Marker Densities in the Desert Annual Chylismia brevipes Is Linked With Timing of Winter Precipitation","authors":"Daniel F. Shryock,&nbsp;Nila Lê,&nbsp;Lesley A. DeFalco,&nbsp;Todd C. Esque","doi":"10.1111/eva.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change coupled with large-scale surface disturbances necessitate active restoration strategies to promote resilient and genetically diverse native plant communities. However, scarcity of native plant materials hinders restoration efforts, leading practitioners to choose from potentially viable but nonlocal seed sources. Genome scans for genetic variation linked with selective environmental gradients have become a useful tool in such efforts, allowing rapid delineation of seed transfer zones along with predictions of genomic vulnerability to climate change. When properly applied, genome scans can reduce the risk of maladaptation due to mismatches between seed source and planting site. However, results are rarely replicated among complimentary data sources. Here, we compared RAD-seq datasets with 819 and 2699 SNPs (in 625 and 356 individuals, respectively) from the Mojave Desert winter annual <i>Chylismia brevipes</i>. Overall, we found that the datasets consistently characterized both neutral population structure and genetic–environmental associations. Ancestry analyses indicated consistent spatial genetic structuring into four regional populations. We also detected a marked signal of isolation by resistance (IBR), wherein spatial genetic structure was better explained by habitat resistance than by geographic distance. Potentially adaptive loci identified from genome scans were associated with the same environmental gradients—fall precipitation, winter minimum temperature, and precipitation timing—regardless of dataset. Paired with our finding that habitat resistance best explained genetic divergence, our results suggest that isolation of populations within environmentally similar habitats—and subsequent local adaption along gradients parallel to these habitats—drive genome-wide divergence in this species. Moreover, strong genetic associations with winter precipitation timing, along with forecasted shifts in precipitation regime due to midcentury climate change, could impact future population dynamics, habitat distribution, and genetic connectivity for <i>C. brevipes</i> populations within the Mojave Desert.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dealing With the Complexity of Effective Population Size in Conservation Practice","authors":"Ancuta Fedorca,&nbsp;Joachim Mergeay,&nbsp;Adejoke O. Akinyele,&nbsp;Tamer Albayrak,&nbsp;Iris Biebach,&nbsp;Alice Brambilla,&nbsp;Pamela A. Burger,&nbsp;Elena Buzan,&nbsp;Ino Curik,&nbsp;Roberta Gargiulo,&nbsp;José A. Godoy,&nbsp;Santiago C. González-Martínez,&nbsp;Christine Grossen,&nbsp;Myriam Heuertz,&nbsp;Sean Hoban,&nbsp;Jo Howard-McCombe,&nbsp;Maria Kachamakova,&nbsp;Peter Klinga,&nbsp;Viktoria Köppä,&nbsp;Elenora Neugebauer,&nbsp;Ivan Paz-Vinas,&nbsp;Peter B. Pearman,&nbsp;Laia Pérez-Sorribes,&nbsp;Baruch Rinkevich,&nbsp;Isa-Rita M. Russo,&nbsp;Adélaïde Theraroz,&nbsp;Nia E. Thomas,&nbsp;Marjana Westergren,&nbsp;Sven Winter,&nbsp;Linda Laikre,&nbsp;Alexander Kopatz","doi":"10.1111/eva.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective population size (<i>Ne</i>) is one of the most important parameters in evolutionary biology, as it is linked to the long-term survival capability of species. Therefore, <i>Ne</i> greatly interests conservation geneticists, but it is also very relevant to policymakers, managers, and conservation practitioners. Molecular methods to estimate <i>Ne</i> rely on various assumptions, including no immigration, panmixia, random sampling, absence of spatial genetic structure, and/or mutation-drift equilibrium. Species are, however, often characterized by fragmented populations under changing environmental conditions and anthropogenic pressure. Therefore, the estimation methods' assumptions are seldom addressed and rarely met, possibly leading to biased and inaccurate <i>Ne</i> estimates. To address the challenges associated with estimating <i>Ne</i> for conservation purposes, the COST Action 18134, Genomic Biodiversity Knowledge for Resilient Ecosystems (G-BiKE), organized an international workshop that met in August 2022 in Brașov, Romania. The overarching goal was to operationalize the current knowledge of <i>Ne</i> estimation methods for conservation practitioners and decision-makers. We set out to identify datasets to evaluate the sensitivity of <i>Ne</i> estimation methods to violations of underlying assumptions and to develop data analysis strategies that addressed pressing issues in biodiversity monitoring and conservation. Referring to a comprehensive body of scientific work on <i>Ne</i>, this meeting report is not intended to be exhaustive but rather to present approaches, workshop findings, and a collection of papers that serve as fruits of those efforts. We aimed to provide insights and opportunities to help bridge the gap between scientific research and conservation practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Hybridization and Parasite Infection on the Survival and Behaviour of Endangered Landlocked Salmon Subject to Predation—Implications for Genetic Rescue","authors":"Aslak Eronen,&nbsp;Matti Janhunen,&nbsp;Pekka Hyvärinen,&nbsp;Raine Kortet,&nbsp;Anssi Karvonen","doi":"10.1111/eva.70056","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A prerequisite of genetic rescue in endangered and genetically depauperate populations is to pre-evaluate between possible pros and cons of hybridization for the life history and survival of the target population. We hybridized the critically endangered Saimaa landlocked salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i> m. <i>sebago</i>) with one of its geographically closest relatives, anadromous Baltic salmon from River Kymijoki. In two similar experiments, conducted in semi-natural streams during overwintering (at age 1.5) and in early summer (age 2+), we studied how hybridization and eye parasite infection (<i>Diplostomum pseudospathaceum</i>) affected survival from predation by Northern pike (<i>Esox lucius</i>). Additionally, we recorded movements of the juvenile salmon using passive integrated telemetry to gain insights into the effect of hybridization and infection on antipredatory behaviour (movement activity and habitat use). Among the uninfected groups, we found significantly lower mortality of hybrid salmon (mortality ± S.E. 14.5% ± 5.4%) compared to purebred landlocked salmon (37.2% ± 9.4%), supporting a positive effect of hybridization under predation risk. This benefit, however, was cancelled out by the parasite infection, which impaired vision and increased the susceptibility to predation. The negative effects of infection were particularly pronounced in the anadromous salmon due to lower infection resistance, compared to the landlocked salmon. Hybridization per se did not affect the activity levels of salmon, but overwintering activity correlated positively with eye cataract coverage, and summer activity was highest in anadromous salmon. These results demonstrate that controlled supplementation of a small animal population with genetically more diverse hybrids could entail both positive and negative implications, at least in the first crossbred generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142826902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Thinning Foster Forest Genetic Adaptation to Drought? A Demo-Genetic Modelling Approach With Disturbance Regimes","authors":"Victor Fririon,&nbsp;Hendrik Davi,&nbsp;Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio,&nbsp;Gauthier Ligot,&nbsp;François Lefèvre","doi":"10.1111/eva.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In managed populations—whether for production or conservation—management practices can interfere with natural eco-evolutionary processes, providing opportunities to mitigate immediate impacts of disturbances or enhance selection on tolerance traits. Here, we used a modelling approach to explore the interplay and feedback loops among drought regimes, natural selection and tree thinning in naturally regenerated monospecific forests. We conducted a simulation experiment spanning three nonoverlapping generations with the individual-based demo-genetic model Luberon2. Luberon2 integrates forest dynamics processes driving survival and mating success, including tree growth, competition, drought impacts and regeneration, with genetic variation in quantitative traits related to these processes. We focused on two variable traits: individual vigour, determining diameter growth potential without stress as the deviation from average stand growth, and individual sensitivity to drought stress as the slope of the relationship between diameter growth and drought stress level. We simulated simplified thinning scenarios, tailored to even-aged stands. Considering plausible genetic variation and contrasting drought regimes, the predicted evolutionary rates for both traits aligned with documented rates in wild plant and animal populations. Thinning considerably reduced natural selective pressures caused by competition and drought compared to unthinned stands. However, the conventional thinning practice of retaining the larger trees resulted in indirect anthropogenic selection that enhanced genetic gain in vigour and lowered sensitivity by up to 30%. More intensive thinning aimed at reducing drought stress by reducing stand density hampered the selection against sensitivity to drought, potentially hindering long-term adaptation. Conversely, avoiding the early, nonselective thinning step—thereby promoting both natural and anthropogenic selection—ultimately resulted in better stand performance while maintaining long-term evolvability. This study emphasises the potential of evolution-oriented forestry strategies to combine drought stress mitigation with genetic adaptation. It provides general insights into how population management, disturbance regimes and eco-evolutionary responses interfere, aiding sustainable decision-making amid environmental uncertainties.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recently Delisted Songbird Harbors Extensive Genomic Evidence of Inbreeding, Potentially Complicating Future Recovery","authors":"Anna María Calderón,&nbsp;Andrew W. Wood,&nbsp;Zachary A. Szpiech,&nbsp;David P. L. Toews","doi":"10.1111/eva.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Kirtland's warbler (<i>Setophaga kirtlandii</i>) is a rare migratory passerine species and habitat specialist of the North American Jack Pine Forests. Their near extinction in the 1970s classified them as endangered and protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. After decades of intense conservation management, their population size recovered, and they were delisted from federal protection in 2019. We explore the genomic consequences of this harsh bottleneck and recovery by comparing the genomic architecture of two closely related species whose population sizes have remained large and stable, Hooded Warblers (<i>Setophaga citrina</i>) and American Redstarts (<i>Setophaga ruticilla</i>). We used whole-genome sequencing to characterize the distribution of runs of homozygosity and deleterious genetic variation. We find evidence that Kirtland's warblers exhibit genetic patterns consistent with recent inbreeding. Our results also show that Kirtland's warblers carry an excess proportion of deleterious variation, which could complicate management for this conservation-reliant species. This analysis provides a genetically informed perspective that should be thoroughly considered when delisting other species from federal protections. Through the increasing accessibility of genome sequencing technology, it will be more feasible to monitor the genetic landscape of recovering populations to ensure their long-term survival independent of conservation intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulating Genetic Mixing in Strongly Structured Populations of the Threatened Southern Brown Bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus)","authors":"John G. Black,&nbsp;Steven J. B. Cooper,&nbsp;Thomas L. Schmidt,&nbsp;Andrew R. Weeks","doi":"10.1111/eva.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Genetic mixing aims to increase the genetic diversity of small or isolated populations, by mitigating genetic drift and inbreeding depression, either by maximally increasing genetic diversity, or minimising the prevalence of recessive, deleterious alleles. However, few studies investigate this beyond a single generation of mixing. Here, we model genetic mixing using captive, low-diversity recipient population of the threatened Southern brown bandicoot (<i>Isoodon obesulus</i>) over 50 generations and compare wild populations across south-eastern Australia as candidate source populations. We first assess genetic differentiation between 12 populations, including the first genomic assessment of three mainland Australian and three Tasmanian populations. We assess genetic diversity in the 12 populations using an individualised autosomal heterozygosity pipeline, using these results to identify a candidate recipient population for genetic mixing simulations. We found that populations fell into four major groups of genetic similarity: Adelaide Hills, western Victoria, eastern Victoria, and Tasmania, but populations within these groups were also distinct, and additional substructure was observed in some populations. Our autosomal heterozygosity pipeline indicated significant variability in mean heterozygosity between populations, identifying one extremely genetically degraded population on Inner Sister Island, Tasmania. Genetic mixing simulations of a low heterozygosity captive population in Victoria suggested the greatest increase in heterozygosity would be reached by using highly differentiated populations as mixing sources. However, when removing populations that may represent taxonomically discrete lineages, neither metrics of differentiation nor heterozygosity was strongly correlated with modelled heterozygosity increase, indicating the value of simulation-based approaches when selecting source populations for population mixing.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary Genomics Provides Insights Into Endangerment and Conservation of a Wild Apple Tree Species, Malus sieversii","authors":"Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Fang-Yuan Zhao,&nbsp;Hong-Xiang Zhang","doi":"10.1111/eva.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the evolutionary history of a species is essential for effective conservation management. <i>Malus sieversii</i>, a relict broad-leaf forest tree found in arid Central Asian mountains, has a narrow and fragmented distribution and is classified as an endangered species in China. This species is considered one of the ancestors of the domesticated apple trees. In the present study, we sampled five populations of <i>M. sieversii</i> and its wide-ranging congener <i>M. baccata</i> from China. Through deep whole-genome resequencing, we analyzed the population's genetic diversity, genetic structure, demographic history, fixation of deleterious mutations, and genomic divergence. Our results revealed that <i>M. baccata</i> exhibits a higher level of genetic diversity than <i>M. sieversii</i>. The effective population size of <i>M. sieversii</i> decreased, whereas that of <i>M. baccata</i> recovered after the bottleneck effect. In <i>M. sieversii</i>, the genetic structure of the Yili region was distinct from that of the Tacheng region. Populations at the rear edge of the Tacheng region showed a stronger fixation of deleterious mutations than those in the Yili region. Genomic divergence indicated that the positively selected genes were associated with physiological processes within the genomic islands between the Yili and Tacheng regions. Based on these findings, we recommend the establishment of two separate conservation units for the Yili and Tacheng lineages to preserve their genetic resources. Given the limited distribution range and high fixation rate of deleterious mutations, urgent protective measures are recommended for the Tacheng lineage.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endangered Pinto/Northern Abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) are Panmictic Across Their 3700 km Range Along the Pacific Coast of North America","authors":"J. L. Dimond,&nbsp;J. V. Bouma,&nbsp;F. Lafarga-De la Cruz,&nbsp;K. J. Supernault,&nbsp;T. White,&nbsp;D. A. Witting","doi":"10.1111/eva.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Connectivity is integral to the dynamics of metapopulations through dispersal and gene flow, and understanding these processes is essential for guiding conservation efforts. Abalone, broadcast-spawning marine snails associated with shallow rocky habitats, have experienced widespread declines, and all seven North American species are threatened. We investigated the connectivity and population genomics of pinto/northern abalone (<i>Haliotis kamtschatkana</i>), the widest-ranging of abalone species. We employed reduced representation sequencing (RADseq) to generate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, assessing population connectivity and potential adaptive variation at 12 locations across the full range from Alaska to Mexico. Despite depleted populations, our analysis of over 6000 SNPs across nearly 300 individuals revealed that pinto abalone maintains a high genetic diversity with no evidence of a genetic bottleneck. Neutral population structure and isolation by distance were extremely weak, indicating panmixia across the species' range (global <i>F</i>_ST = 0.0021). Phylogenetic analysis, principal components analysis, and unsupervised clustering methods all supported a single genetic population. However, slight population differentiation was noted in the Salish Sea and Inside Passage regions, with evidence for higher barriers to dispersal relative to outer coastal areas. This north-central region may also represent the species' ancestral range based on relatively low population-specific <i>F</i>_ST values; the northern and southern extremes of the range likely represent range expansions. Outlier analysis did not identify consensus loci implicated in adaptive variation, suggesting limited adaptive differentiation. Our study sheds light on the evolutionary history and contemporary gene flow of this threatened species, providing key insights for conservation strategies, particularly in sourcing broodstock for ongoing restoration efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-Wide Diversity in Lowland and Highland Maize Landraces From Southern South America: Population Genetics Insights to Assist Conservation","authors":"Pia Guadalupe Dominguez,&nbsp;Angela Veronica Gutierrez,&nbsp;Monica Irina Fass,&nbsp;Carla Valeria Filippi,&nbsp;Pablo Vera,&nbsp;Andrea Puebla,&nbsp;Raquel Alicia Defacio,&nbsp;Norma Beatriz Paniego,&nbsp;Veronica Viviana Lia","doi":"10.1111/eva.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> ssp. <i>mays</i> L.) landraces are traditional American crops with high genetic variability that conform a source of original alleles for conventional maize breeding. Northern Argentina, one the southernmost regions of traditional maize cultivation in the Americas, harbours around 57 races traditionally grown in two regions with contrasting environmental conditions, namely, the Andean mountains in the Northwest and the tropical grasslands and Atlantic Forest in the Northeast. These races encounter diverse threats to their genetic diversity and persistence in their regions of origin, with climate change standing out as one of the major challenges. In this work, we use genome-wide SNPs derived from ddRADseq to study the genetic diversity of individuals representing the five groups previously described for this area. This allowed us to distinguish two clearly differentiated gene pools, the highland northwestern maize (HNWA) and the floury northeastern maize (FNEA). Subsequently, we employed essential biodiversity variables at the genetic level, as proposed by the Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON), to evaluate the conservation status of these two groups. This assessment encompassed genetic diversity (Pi), inbreeding coefficient (F) and effective population size (Ne). FNEA showed low Ne values and high F values, while HNWA showed low Ne values and low Pi values, indicating that further genetic erosion is imminent for these landraces. Outlier detection methods allowed identification of putative adaptive genomic regions, consistent with previously reported flowering-time loci and chromosomal regions displaying introgression from the teosinte <i>Zea mays</i> ssp. <i>mexicana</i>. Finally, species distribution models were obtained for two future climate scenarios, showing a notable reduction in the potential planting area of HNWA and a shift in the cultivation areas of FNEA. These results suggest that maize landraces from Northern Argentina may be unable to cope with climate change. Therefore, active conservation policies are advisable.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Gene Flow in Anopheles coluzzii Populations From Two African Oceanic Islands","authors":"Melina Campos,&nbsp;Gordana Rašić,&nbsp;João Viegas,&nbsp;Anthony J. Cornel,&nbsp;João Pinto,&nbsp;Gregory C. Lanzaro","doi":"10.1111/eva.70044","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The malaria vector <i>Anopheles coluzzii</i> is widespread across West Africa and is the sole vector species on the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe. Our interest in the population genetics of this species on these islands is part of an assessment of their suitability for a field trial involving the release of genetically engineered <i>A. coluzzii</i>. The engineered construct includes two genes that encode anti-Plasmodium peptides, along with a Cas9-based gene drive. We investigated gene flow among <i>A. coluzzii</i> subpopulations on each island to estimate dispersal rates between sites. Sampling covered the known range of <i>A. coluzzii</i> on both islands. Spatial autocorrelation suggests 7 km to be the likely extent of dispersal of this species, whereas estimates based on a convolutional neural network were roughly 3 km. This difference highlights the complexity of dispersal dynamics and the value of using multiple approaches. Our analysis also revealed weak heterogeneity among populations within each island but did identify areas weakly resistant or permissive of gene flow. Overall, <i>A. coluzzii</i> on each of the two islands exist as single Mendelian populations. We expect that a gene construct that includes a low-threshold gene drive and has minimal fitness impact should, once introduced, spread relatively unimpeded across each island.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}