Environmental Drivers of Genetic Divergence in Two Corals From the Florida Keys

IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q1 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Kristina L. Black, J. P. Rippe, Mikhail V. Matz
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Abstract

Increasingly frequent marine heatwaves devastate coral reefs around the world, so there is great interest in finding warm-adapted coral populations that could be used as sources for assisted gene flow and restoration. Here, we evaluated the relative power of various environmental factors to explain coral genetic variation, suggestive of differential local adaptation to these factors, across the Florida Keys Reef Tract. We applied a machine learning population genomic method (RDAforest) to two coral species—the mustard hill coral Porites astreoides and the lettuce coral Agaricia agaricites—sampled from 65 sites covering the whole reef tract. Both species comprised three genetically distinct lineages distributed across depths in a remarkably similar way. Within these lineages, there was additional genetic divergence explained by depth, but even more within-lineage variation was cumulatively explained by water chemistry parameters related to nitrogen, phosphorus, silicate, and salinity. Visualizing the predicted environment-associated genetic variation on a geographic map suggests that these associations reflect adaptation to certain aspects of the inshore-offshore environmental gradient, and, to a lesser extent, to difference of Middle and Lower Keys from the rest of the reef tract. Thermal parameters, most notably maximal monthly thermal anomaly, were also consistently identified as putative drivers of genetic divergence, but had a relatively low explanatory power compared to depth and water chemistry. Overall, our results indicate that temperature was not the most important driver of coral genetic divergence in the Florida Keys, and underscore depth and water chemistry as more important environmental factors from the corals' perspective. Our study emphasizes the need for considering a variety of environmental variables, rather than solely focusing on temperature, when predicting how corals may respond to transplantation.

Abstract Image

佛罗里达群岛两种珊瑚遗传分化的环境驱动因素
越来越频繁的海洋热浪摧毁了世界各地的珊瑚礁,因此人们对寻找适应温暖的珊瑚种群非常感兴趣,这些种群可以作为辅助基因流动和恢复的来源。在这里,我们评估了各种环境因素解释珊瑚遗传变异的相对力量,这表明了对这些因素的不同局部适应。我们将机器学习种群基因组方法(rdforest)应用于两种珊瑚物种-芥菜山珊瑚Porites astreoides和莴苣珊瑚Agaricia agaricites -从覆盖整个珊瑚礁带的65个地点取样。这两个物种都有三个基因上不同的谱系,分布在不同的深度,方式非常相似。在这些谱系中,深度解释了额外的遗传差异,但谱系内更多的差异是由与氮、磷、硅酸盐和盐度相关的水化学参数累积解释的。在地理地图上可视化预测的与环境相关的遗传变异表明,这些关联反映了对近海环境梯度某些方面的适应,并且在较小程度上反映了与礁带其余部分的中下键差异。热参数,尤其是最大月热异常,也一直被认为是遗传分化的假定驱动因素,但与深度和水化学相比,其解释能力相对较低。总的来说,我们的研究结果表明,温度并不是佛罗里达群岛珊瑚遗传分化的最重要驱动因素,并且从珊瑚的角度来看,深度和水化学是更重要的环境因素。我们的研究强调,在预测珊瑚对移植的反应时,需要考虑各种环境变量,而不仅仅是关注温度。
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来源期刊
Evolutionary Applications
Evolutionary Applications 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
7.30%
发文量
175
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Evolutionary Applications is a fully peer reviewed open access journal. It publishes papers that utilize concepts from evolutionary biology to address biological questions of health, social and economic relevance. Papers are expected to employ evolutionary concepts or methods to make contributions to areas such as (but not limited to): medicine, agriculture, forestry, exploitation and management (fisheries and wildlife), aquaculture, conservation biology, environmental sciences (including climate change and invasion biology), microbiology, and toxicology. All taxonomic groups are covered from microbes, fungi, plants and animals. In order to better serve the community, we also now strongly encourage submissions of papers making use of modern molecular and genetic methods (population and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenetics, quantitative genetics, association and linkage mapping) to address important questions in any of these disciplines and in an applied evolutionary framework. Theoretical, empirical, synthesis or perspective papers are welcome.
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