Evolutionary Applications最新文献

{"title":"Adaptive Diversification of the Mstnb Locus Drives Genomic Architecture of Growth in Thai Clariid Catfish","authors":"Ton Huu Duc Nguyen,&nbsp;Phonemany Thammachak,&nbsp;Trifan Budi,&nbsp;Piangjai Chalermwong,&nbsp;Chananya Patta,&nbsp;Wattanawan Jaito,&nbsp;Thitipong Panthum,&nbsp;Kednapat Sriphairoj,&nbsp;Sittichai Hatachote,&nbsp;Prapansak Srisapoome,&nbsp;Satid Chatchaiphan,&nbsp;Narongrit Muangmai,&nbsp;Orathai Sawatdichaikul,&nbsp;Agostinho Antunes,&nbsp;Kyudong Han,&nbsp;Darren K. Griffin,&nbsp;Jiraboon Prasanpan,&nbsp;Prateep Duengkae,&nbsp;Worapong Singchat,&nbsp;Kornsorn Srikulnath","doi":"10.1111/eva.70324","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70324","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The production of clariid catfish in Thai aquaculture depends on culture of the native species (<i>Clarias macrocephalus</i> and <i>C. batrachus</i>) and introduced African catfish (<i>C. gariepinus</i>). Particularly, hybridization with <i>C. gariepinus</i> has improved productivity but raised significant conservation concerns. These lineages show distinct growth variations; however, the underlying genetic factors remain uncharacterized. We performed a comprehensive genomic assessment of the myostatin-b (<i>Mstnb</i>) gene in 535 individuals comprising 19 Thai populations. The study design involved a novel integration of high-throughput sequencing, structural modeling, and multi-locus analysis. We identified eight novel alleles defined by 19 variable sites within exon 1. The observed diversity challenges the paradigm of extreme sequence conservation that typically occurs in vertebrate Myostatin. Although Bayesian phylogenetics showed intermingled allelic lineages, an integrated “growth-gene pool” approach that combined <i>Mstnb</i> and <i>GH1</i> polymorphisms resolved a robust species-level split (<i>K</i> = 2) and hierarchical sub-structuring (<i>K</i> = 6). Selection analyses identified significant adaptive diversification (<i>ω</i> = 1.857). Codon-level models highlighted Site 95 as a primary target of pervasive diversifying selection. Moreover, a nonsense mutation that resulted in a premature stop codon was identified as the mechanism underlying the functional modulation of growth traits. These findings provide a high-resolution molecular toolkit for marker-assisted selection and invasive species monitoring, which would enhance the sustainability of clariid aquaculture and protect native biodiversity against the risks of anthropogenic hybridization.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating Phylogeography and SDM Projection to Inform Conservation Efforts of the Foundation Seaweed Gloiopeltis furcata sensu lato in the North Pacific Under Climate Change","authors":"Qi-Qi Wang,&nbsp;Mi Yeon Yang,&nbsp;Myung Sook Kim,&nbsp;Juan Diego Gaitan-Espitia,&nbsp;Xuan Vy Nguyen,&nbsp;Jun-Mei Qu,&nbsp;Zhixin Zhang,&nbsp;Zi-Min Hu","doi":"10.1111/eva.70323","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70323","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the impact of past climate events on population genetic structuring and range shifts may facilitate predictions of how species will respond to future climate change. Such integrative effort, however, remain rare for the North Pacific benthic ecosystem. Here, we obtained mtDNA <i>cox</i>1 and cpDNA <i>rbc</i>L sequences of 85 populations of the foundation macroalga <i>Gloiopeltis furcata</i> sensu lato (s.l.) in the North Pacific to estimate its lineage structuring and phylogeographic connectivity. We found that <i>G. furcata</i> s.l. harbored high and cryptic lineage diversity, and its present-day biogeographic patterns are mostly attributed to extensive vicariance and ocean-currents mediated dispersal events. In particular, the southwestern Japanese Archipelago and southern Korea potentially served as the center of ancestral persistence during the maximum ice sheet expansion, characterized by concurrent demographic contractions of lineages. We further applied projection-based species distribution models (SDMs) and detected consistent habitat suitability contraction in low latitude regions (20°N–40°N) (e.g., the Bohai Sea, the southern East China Sea, the southern Japan-Pacific coastline) and expansion in high latitude regions (40°N–60°N) (e.g., the southern Sakhalin Island, the northern Sea of Japan, the southern Kamchatka Peninsula and the Alaska Peninsula) under future moderate (SSP2-4.5) and high (SSP5-8.5) emission scenarios. These results demonstrate that integrating phylogeographic information (e.g., the identification of ancestral persistence areas and unique populations harboring rare allelic variation or high endemism) with SDMs-based assessments of climate change impacts, offers a powerful framework for prioritizing conservation units in marine benthic ecosystems under future climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assisted Gene Flow Yields Physiologically Robust Acropora palmata With Novel Allelic and Transcriptomic Profiles","authors":"Erinn M. Muller,&nbsp;Chelsea Petrik,&nbsp;Trinity Conn,&nbsp;C. Cornelia Osborne,&nbsp;Marina Villoch,&nbsp;Abigail S. Clark,&nbsp;Hanna R. Koch,&nbsp;Keri O'Neil,&nbsp;Cody Engelsma,&nbsp;Iliana B. Baums","doi":"10.1111/eva.70321","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70321","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Assisted gene flow (AGF) is a conservation approach that facilitates the spread of alleles and may accelerate the recovery of genetically depauperate populations. The threatened Caribbean coral <i>Acropora palmata</i> is approaching regional extinction within the western Atlantic partly due to increasing water temperatures associated with global climate change. Previously, AGF was conducted by crossing gametes collected from three regions (Curaçao—CU, Florida—FL, and Puerto Rico—PR) characterized by contrasting temperature regimes and low gene flow among them. Here, we compared the physiology of these AGF cohorts in comparison to purebred Florida and Curaçao cohorts under ambient and high temperature conditions. Exposure to high temperatures resulted in few physiological changes, likely because the corals hosted the thermally tolerant algal symbiont, <i>Durusdinium trenchii</i>. However, the purebred cohorts grew significantly faster than both AGF cohorts. Like the phenotypic responses, gene expression changes in response to heat stress were muted overall. However, AGF cohorts deviated from the expected mid-parent value across dozens of genes, representing novel gene expression patterns. Importantly, AGF crosses harbored 879 private alleles that were previously not recovered in representative genets from Florida. These findings suggest that corals created using AGF have similar physiology to purebreds, carry novel alleles, and represent novel gene expression patterns that carry important conservation values which could be integrated into the functionally extinct <i>A. palmata</i> population in Florida.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13598544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the Evolutionary Potential for Delta Smelt Persistence in a Warming Habitat","authors":"Joanna S. Griffiths,&nbsp;Amanda J. Finger,&nbsp;Md. Moshiur Rahman,&nbsp;Brittany E. Davis,&nbsp;Tien-Chieh Hung,&nbsp;Nann A. Fangue,&nbsp;Andrew Whitehead","doi":"10.1111/eva.70317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70317","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Long-term persistence of managed species will depend, in part, on whether the species harbors the physiological or genetic potential to adjust to warming temperatures, and whether relevant genetic variation is modified by management practices. The critically endangered Delta Smelt (<i>Hypomesus transpacificus</i>) is intensively managed, but little is known about the presence of genetic variation for resistance to elevated temperature. Using a pedigree and whole genome sequencing data, we characterized the genetic basis of CTMax (as a metric of upper thermal tolerance) across control and elevated rearing temperatures, alongside covarying traits (body size and degree of hatchery ancestry). Warmer rearing temperatures increased CTMax through acclimation but also resulted in reduced additive genetic variation for the trait. We observed modest heritability for CTMax at rearing temperatures of 15°C and 18°C (0.26 and 0.16, respectively), but only a limited number of loci were identified that had consistent effects on CTMax across rearing temperatures. Instead, the genomic basis of thermal tolerance was highly dependent on rearing temperature (i.e., many loci detected with a GxE effect). This temperature-dependent genomic architecture is consistent with our finding that additive genetic variation for CTMax was reduced under warmer rearing conditions, indicating a potential constraint on adaptive evolutionary change. The influence of domestication selection was indicated by changes in allele frequency, and divergence in upper thermal tolerance and plasticity, between low and high hatchery ancestry groups. Minimal overlap between loci associated with domestication and CTMax suggests that these traits possess separate genetic underpinnings. Knowledge of genetic variation supporting ecologically relevant physiological variation may be useful for captive management and may inform supplementation of fish to the wild in an ever-warming environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Aging Across Causes of Death","authors":"Gabriele Sorci,&nbsp;Bruno Faivre","doi":"10.1111/eva.70316","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70316","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although there is huge variation in how mortality changes with age across species, in humans, all-causes mortality increases at a relatively constant rate across populations and time. However, individuals die due to specific causes that include extrinsic and intrinsic sources. Here, we compared the rate at which mortality increases with age (i.e., the rate of aging) for the causes of death supposedly referring to extrinsic (infectious and parasitic diseases) and intrinsic sources (cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasm) in 12 human populations. Given that individuals are exposed to infectious agents across their entire lifespan, it is straightforward to expect a shallower rate of aging for infectious compared to cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasm. However, infectious and noninfectious diseases might target the same tissues/organs and tissue-specific repair mechanisms may strongly affect the disease severity. We, therefore, also compared the rate of aging for transmissible and nontransmissible diseases targeting the same tissues/organs. Contrary to the pattern observed when comparing infectious and noninfectious diseases overall, we found that diseases with shared target organs had similar rate of aging, whatever their etiology. We went a step further by assessing the changes in the distribution of cause-specific mortality across ages (i.e., lifespan equality), between 1955 and 2020, and by investigating whether they were accounted for by changes in early-life mortality, adult mortality or the rate of aging. This analysis showed that temporal changes in lifespan equality were essentially driven by changes in early-life mortality, with modest or almost no contribution from changes in adult mortality or the rate of aging. Overall, these results show that the rate at which mortality increases with age is relatively invariant for diseases targeting the same tissues/organs, suggesting that shared tolerance mechanisms, independently from the etiology of the disease, might be important drivers of age-dependent mortality schedules.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13534842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing Species Boundaries Through Genomic Baits: Diagnostic SNP Panels for Genotyping Orchid Pollinaria","authors":"Teresa Rosa Galise,&nbsp;Paulo Milet-Pinheiro,&nbsp;Farida Tara Bandesha,&nbsp;Manfred Ayasse,&nbsp;Donata Cafasso,&nbsp;Salvatore Cozzolino","doi":"10.1111/eva.70315","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Orchidaceae</i> is one of the largest angiosperm families, with extensive floral morphological diversity, complex pollination systems, and frequent hybridization, which complicate species delimitation. Target capture offers a scalable alternative to whole-genome sequencing for phylogenomic and ecological applications, but operational thresholds for reliable species identification, particularly from reduced or degraded single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) datasets, remain poorly quantified. We developed the 20KOrchidbaits, a kit of 20,000 nuclear and 400 plastid baits, specifically designed for <i>Orchidaceae</i> by using already available (<i>Phalaenopsis</i>) and recently sequenced (<i>Ophrys</i>) orchid genomes. We then tested the kit for assessing phylogenetic relationships and pollinaria assignment in <i>Catasetum</i>, a young and fast-evolving neotropical orchid genus. In silico tests of the 20KOrchidbaits kit showed high recovery efficiency for nuclear baits, particularly in the subfamilies Apostasioideae, Orchidoideae, and Epidendroideae. The kit also showed robust plastid performance (85.9% average mapping). Applying 20KOrchidbaits to <i>Catasetum</i> members confirmed its high recovery efficiency and showed a strong ability to disclose phylogenetic relationships and identify species-specific SNPs. Using the 20KOrchidbaits kit for <i>Catasetum</i> pollinaria genotyping, the pollinaria were accurately assigned to their source orchid species, both with the full dataset of species-specific SNPs and with subsets of it. The 20KOrchidbaits provide a versatile toolkit for gathering species resolution even in rapidly radiating orchid clades. This tool also represents the first reliable species-level identification of orchid pollinarium with target capture, surpassing traditional barcode markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Characterization of Genes Associated With Wood Property Traits via Genome Sequencing in Fast-Growing Species of Genus Neolamarckia","authors":"Chao Wu,&nbsp;Wan-Xin Chen,&nbsp;Zi-Han He,&nbsp;Kun-Xi OuYang,&nbsp;Qin-Ming Que,&nbsp;Hui Xie,&nbsp;Wen-Xiang Xu,&nbsp;Shiou Yih Lee,&nbsp;Siti Halimah Larekeng,&nbsp;Shi Shi,&nbsp;Xin-Sheng Hu","doi":"10.1111/eva.70314","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70314","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The <i>Neolamarckia</i> (Rubiaceae) genus is composed of only two species: <i>N. cadamba</i> and <i>N. macrophylla</i>. Both species are fast-growing plants with significant industrial and medicinal values. Here, we provided a high-quality chromosome-level assembly of the <i>N. macrophylla</i> genome for the first time. The assembled genome size was approximately 598.43 Mb, with contig N50 and scaffold N50 lengths of 23.41 and 24.54 Mb, respectively. The two species diverged at 6.5–23.5 Mya and one whole-genome duplication (WGD) event was detected to occur prior to their divergence. The assembled genomes showed that <i>N. macrophylla</i> had fewer protein-coding genes (34,411 vs. 35,461) but substantially more expanded gene families than <i>N. cadamba</i>. Most expanded gene families were under purifying selection in both <i>N. macrophylla</i> and <i>N. cadamba</i>. We identified genes associated with seven wood property traits of <i>N. cadamba</i> through GWAS based on resequencing datasets of 204 trees in total collected from a provenance trial, with 100 newly resequenced trees at age 12 and 104 previously resequenced trees at age 7. Almost all identified candidate genes were under purifying selection. Further analysis indicated that genes encoding 11 key enzymes in the lignin biosynthesis pathway were under purifying selection between <i>N. cadamba</i> and <i>N. macrophylla</i>. The overall results imply that strong selection effectively impeded evolutionary divergence between the two species in genes associated with wood property traits. The study provides insights into genes regulating wood property traits of industrial values, and a useful genomic resource for developing molecular markers for breeding <i>Neolamarckia</i> varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome Wide Structural Variants Provide Insights Into Population Structure and Genetic Divergence in Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) Breeding Populations","authors":"Mingyang Zhao,&nbsp;Hao Wang,&nbsp;Mingxuan Teng,&nbsp;Hongyu Lv,&nbsp;Baojun Zhao,&nbsp;Mengqiang Wang,&nbsp;Zhenmin Bao,&nbsp;Qifan Zeng","doi":"10.1111/eva.70312","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70312","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Structural variants (SVs) are a major yet underused source of adaptive variation in aquaculture. We built a genome-wide SV atlas for 180 <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> from six commercial breeding populations and discovered 1,159,046 SVs, with uneven chromosomal distributions and multi-type hotspots. Over 63.53% of SVs overlapped repeats—especially simple sequence repeats, DNA transposons, and LINEs. SV and SNP densities were highly correlated. Across populations, 482 k SVs were shared and 145,623 were singletons; the fraction of deletions increased from shared to singleton classes. BMK and KH harbored more singletons than SIS, RH, and CP, indicating greater divergence. PCA and ADMIXTURE recovered three major clusters and revealed the substructure in RH, mirroring SNP analyses. Selection scans identified 78–193 sweep windows per population encompassing 38–161 candidate genes. These genes were predominantly enriched in population-specific processes such as chromatin regulation, meiotic recombination, membrane-associated functions, suggesting that structural variants may contribute to divergence in reproductive, metabolic, and structural pathways across breeding programs. Nevertheless, 10 genes showed parallel signals in over 3 populations; many carry short deletions likely affecting regulatory or coding elements. Together, these results show that genome architecture and domestication jointly shape the shrimp SV landscape; that SVs alone robustly resolve population history; and that a small set of recurrent, deletion-bearing regulatory genes may underpin convergent improvement. The SV map and candidate loci provide diagnostic markers for germplasm tracing and candidate loci for marker-assisted or genomic selection in <i>P. vannamei</i> breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13504230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural and Anthropogenic Drivers of Genomic Diversity in the California Towhee: Conservation Implications for Peripheral Populations","authors":"Andrew N. Black,&nbsp;Jong Yoon Jeon,&nbsp;Chris McCreedy,&nbsp;Safia Janjua,&nbsp;Erangi J. Heenkenda,&nbsp;Samarth Mathur,&nbsp;Elise Ferree,&nbsp;Amy L. Fesnock,&nbsp;Alvaro Hernandez,&nbsp;J. Andrew DeWoody","doi":"10.1111/eva.70313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70313","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Demographic, geographic, and environmental factors such as effective population size, isolation, and habitat availability interact to shape contemporary levels of population genomic diversity. Such factors must be carefully evaluated and contextualized at both the intraspecific and interspecific levels when assessing the conservation status of imperiled species. Here, we studied the population genomics of a perching songbird, the California towhee (<i>Melozone crissalis</i>), by generating a high-quality annotated reference genome assembly (N50 = 22 Mb among 627 contigs, max contig size 89.1 Mb) and conducting whole-genome resequencing on <i>n</i> = 81 individual birds sampled from multiple geographic sites across much of the species' range. California towhee sampled from Inyo County and from Southern Oregon, on the periphery of their geographic range, showed reduced heterozygosity and elevated inbreeding compared (a) to other sampled California towhee populations and (b) to related Threatened songbirds. Contemporary effective population sizes (<i>N</i>_<i>e</i>) were low for these two peripheral populations, and ancestry patterns of the federally protected Inyo population reveal the remarkably clear genomic signature of a documented, human-induced demographic bottleneck. Elevated genomic differentiation (<i>F</i>_ST) in the Oregon and Inyo populations, ecological niche modeling, and spatial patterns of gene flow all provide strong support for genetic isolation, limited connectivity, and demographic independence. Both peripheral populations show evidence indicative of local adaptation, as gauged by landscape genetic approaches. Our data highlight the tension that exists between the idealistic goal of conserving all the diversity in a gene pool (e.g., isolated peripheral populations that may contain locally adapted variants) versus the less desirable but more practical goal of focusing expensive conservation efforts on the core gene pool.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70313","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Adaptation to Current but Not Future Climate in Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests: Population Genomic Evidence in a Neotropical Legume Tree","authors":"Francisco J. Velásquez-Puentes,&nbsp;Walter Durka,&nbsp;Colin Hughes,&nbsp;R. Toby Pennington,&nbsp;Jens J. Ringelberg,&nbsp;Renske E. Onstein,&nbsp;Christopher D. Barratt","doi":"10.1111/eva.70302","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eva.70302","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neotropical seasonally dry biomes are amongst the world's most threatened ecosystems and are predicted to lose more biodiversity with climate change. The capacity of natural populations to respond to these changes depends on their genetic variation, but is poorly understood in most Neotropical seasonally dry forest species. Here, we used genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for 109 individuals across 12 Colombian populations of <i>Enterolobium cyclocarpum</i>, a widespread deciduous legume tree found in seasonally dry tropical forests, human-disturbed and open landscapes from Central and Northern South America, to (1) explore population structure across the landscape, (2) determine local adaptation to heat and drought stress, and (3) assess genomic offset and adaptive potential under future climate change. Our results suggest clear genomic differentiation among regions and populations, as well as an uneven spatial distribution of adaptive alleles associated with drought and heat stress, together suggesting different degrees of local adaptation to climate across the landscape. Furthermore, all regions investigated (i.e., Caribbean, inter-Andean valleys, and Orinoquía) showed limited adaptive potential under future climate change scenarios. For some regions, gene flow may help buffer the effects of environmental change by bringing in adaptive alleles, however, this will likely be insufficient to counteract predicted mal-adaptation in certain regions, such as in the Orinoquía. Our results suggest that both barriers to gene flow (e.g., orography) and varying heat and drought stress conditions have shaped the genomic composition and adaptive potential of the species. <i>Enterolobium cyclocarpum</i> populations have adapted locally to current climate, but this adaptation may not be sufficient to cope with future climate change, particularly where population connectivity is low. Our findings have relevance for the conservation of species in highly threatened Neotropical biomes, such as seasonally dry tropical forests, which are expected to experience rising temperatures and greater drought under future climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}