Journal of Psychopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Ayahuasca-inspired DMT/harmine formulation alters creative thinking dynamics during artistic creation.","authors":"Dila Suay, Helena D Aicher, Berit Singer, Michael J Mueller, Alen Jelusic, Lionel Calzaferri, Paul Springfeld, Dario A Dornbierer, Milan Scheidegger","doi":"10.1177/02698811251353256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251353256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While psychedelics are often claimed to enhance creativity, their precise effects on distinct stages of creative cognition remain poorly understood. This study investigated the acute effects of an ayahuasca-inspired formulation combining N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmine (DMT/HAR), as well as harmine alone (HAR), on micro-level (divergent/convergent thinking) and macro-level (creative process dynamics) creativity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject design, 30 healthy male participants completed three sessions (DMT/HAR, HAR, placebo). Micro-level creativity was assessed using the picture concept task (convergent thinking) and alternative uses task (divergent thinking). Macro-level dynamics were examined through a real-world painting task using the creative process report diary, which captured dynamic stage transitions. Subjective experiences were also recorded to explore their predictive value for creativity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DMT/HAR significantly impaired convergent thinking, particularly in individuals with higher baseline reasoning. Divergent thinking showed no overall effect but revealed trend-level reductions in fluency and elaboration under DMT/HAR. At the macro-level, both DMT/HAR and HAR reduced incubation-related transitions, while DMT/HAR uniquely decreased transitions from incubation to illumination, suggesting altered pathways to insight. Subjective experiences such as altered meaning perception and increased insightfulness selectively predicted divergent, but not convergent, thinking outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that the effects of DMT/HAR on creativity are not uniform. By capturing real-world creative behavior through an ecologically valid painting task, this study offers the first evidence that psychedelics influence not only creative cognition but also the dynamic processes that give rise to it. These findings highlight the importance of integrating cognitive, phenomenological and process-level perspectives to better understand creative thinking under altered states. Future research should further investigate how individual differences in subjective experience and cognitive style modulate the unfolding of creative processes under psychedelics.</p>","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"2698811251353256"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjectively reported sleep improvement with antipsychotic medications in clinical practice: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of moderating factors.","authors":"Letizia Biso, Marco Carli, Valeria Lucarini, Mario Miniati, Paolo Ossola, Marco Scarselli","doi":"10.1177/02698811251360764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811251360764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While some antipsychotics (APs) have been investigated with some controversy for insomnia associated with other mental disorders or off-label due to their sedative properties, evidence for their efficacy and safety remains inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>Our systematic review and meta-analysis have analysed comprehensively the impact of first- and second-generation (SGA) APs on subjective sleep measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A research string was used in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials.gov databases, including both randomised clinical trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 43 studies were included in the systematic review, and 21 were included in the meta-analysis. APs were more effective than placebo in improving subjective measures of sleep quality and were associated with an improvement in sleep quality from the baseline to the end of the trial. We performed a meta-regression for possible moderators and found a significant effect of age and sex, with older subjects and males responding less to APs' effect on sleep. APs with higher antihistaminergic activity (e.g. quetiapine) improved sleep quality more than the dopaminergic/serotoninergic (e.g. risperidone) or simply serotonergic (e.g. pimavanserine) ones. Individuals with anxiety disorders reported greater effects of APs, especially SGAs with antihistaminergic activity, on sleep, and longer trials reported greater improvement in sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>APs, mostly SGAs, improved sleep quality more than placebo, and this effect was more pronounced in anxiety disorders, for anti-histaminergic APs, and in longer trials. These results could add another important tile to the mosaic of precision medicine for prescribing APs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"2698811251360764"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effects of resveratrol on memory deficits in offspring of sleep-deprived rats: Involvement of hippocampal BDNF-TrkB pathways.","authors":"Mohammad-Hossein Mohammadi-Mahdiabadi-Hasani, Maryam Farahmandfar, Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast, Mohammad Nasehi, Anahita Torkaman-Boutorabi, Gholamreza Hassanzadeh","doi":"10.1177/02698811251334034","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02698811251334034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal sleep deprivation (MSD) is a significant public health issue that adversely affects neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in offspring, resulting in cognitive deficits in learning and memory. Resveratrol, an antioxidant with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, may help mitigate these effects. This study investigates resveratrol's potential to counteract the negative impacts of MSD on neurodevelopment in male Wistar rat offspring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-six male Wistar rat offspring and 36 pregnant rats were used. Total MSD was induced using the water box device on gestational days 7, 11, and 17. Pregnant rats received resveratrol at doses of 25 or 50 mg/kg every 12 h during the sleep deprivation period. After parturition, offspring were divided into 12 groups for assessment at two months of age. Social interaction tests evaluated social memory, while the Morris water maze test assessed spatial learning and memory. Brain samples were prepared for Nissl staining, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine-protein kinase (TrkB) expression levels in the hippocampus were measured using western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicate that the MSD group exhibited decreased BDNF/TrkB expression and increased neuronal damage in the hippocampus, which led to disrupted spatial and social memory compared to the control group. Subsequently, resveratrol administration, especially at a dose of 50 mg/kg during pregnancy, significantly reversed MSD's detrimental effects on cognitive function in offspring.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results provide novel evidence of resveratrol's neuroprotective effects in rat pregnancy models of MSD, suggesting its potential for developing therapeutic interventions targeting prenatal neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"870-882"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzodiazepines for PTSD: Poor data quality and misleading advice.","authors":"Mauricio Silva de Lima, Antonio Geraldo da Silva","doi":"10.1177/02698811241294007","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02698811241294007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"883-885"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily supplementation with lemon verbena extract decreases subjective energy and parental reports of hyperactivity in children displaying sub-clinical attention deficit hyperactivity disorder-type behaviours: A randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Philippa A Jackson, Ellen F Smith, Joanne Forster, Jessica Greener, Anna Small, David O Kennedy, Cynthia G Suarez, Andressa Blainski, Ivo Pischel","doi":"10.1177/02698811251324574","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02698811251324574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current treatment options for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are limited by factors such as adherence and cost, whilst no treatment options are available for sub-clinical or undiagnosed ADHD. Herbal preparations may therefore offer an alternative approach to the management of symptoms; <i>Aloysia citriodora</i> Paláu (lemon verbena) is a promising candidate.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the behavioural, cognitive, psychological and physiological effects of 56 days of supplementation with lemon verbena extract (LVE) in children exhibiting symptoms of ADHD at the sub-clinical level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This exploratory study followed a randomised, double-blind parallel groups design wherein 120 healthy participants aged 8-17 years received 15 mg/kg bw/d LVE or matched placebo for 56 days. Behavioural, cognitive, mood and physiological measures were collected in the lab at baseline and 28 and 56 days post-dose. Parents also evaluated the child's behaviour throughout the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants who received LVE reported greater subjective fatigue, defined as reduced energy levels according to the Profile of Mood States subscale, without impairments in cognitive performance across the 56-day intervention and lower depression symptoms on day 56, compared to placebo. The effect of LVE on parent ratings of hyperactive/impulsive behaviour also approached significance with fewer concerns being reported following the active treatment. Exploratory analyses showed further benefits to cognition and mood.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed novel, beneficial effects of LVE supplementation in children exhibiting a high frequency of behaviours characteristic of ADHD. Overall, LVE was safe and well-tolerated by participants, with no unexpected safety events.</p>","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"825-835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of betahistine on weight-related and metabolic measures in patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine and risperidone.","authors":"Najmeh Abbasi Jannatabadi, Maryam Emadzadeh, Mohammad Reza Fayyazi Bordbar, Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri, Mahsa Nahidi","doi":"10.1177/02698811251346696","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02698811251346696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drugs for psychosis can cause weight gain and metabolic disorders in schizophrenia. Given its partial agonistic activity at histamine receptors, betahistine could shape the effects of drugs for psychosis on weight gain and food intake. This study evaluates the effect of betahistine administration on anthropometric indices and symptoms of schizophrenia in schizophrenic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled trial was conducted on schizophrenic patients between 2020 and 2022. After stratification based on the type of treatment (olanzapine (<i>n</i> = 28) or risperidone (<i>n</i> = 28)), patients of each stratum were randomly divided into two groups (betahistine or placebo). The duration of the intervention was 12 weeks. Betahistine was started at 8 mg/day and gradually increased to 48 mg in 11 days. Anthropometric indices were measured monthly, while fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, TSH, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All anthropometric measures improved in patients receiving betahistine, except for increased waist circumference in those receiving olanzapine + betahistine. Triglyceride levels were significantly reduced in the olanzapine + betahistine subgroup compared to the placebo group (-12.14 ± 15.49 vs -0.28 ± 9.31; <i>p</i> = 0.021). Moreover, PANSS decreased significantly in all groups during the study, but the difference between groups was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of betahistine appears to be well tolerated and positively influences anthropometric indices. These findings suggest that betahistine may help mitigate some of the metabolic side effects of drugs for psychosis, although further research is needed to confirm these effects and to explore the optimal dosage.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>IRCT20191223045870N1 in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/).</p>","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"804-814"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144584257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoroquinolones and risk of nightmares: A literature review and disproportionality analysis using individual case safety reports from Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database.","authors":"Mohammad Ali Omrani, Christian T Tsobo, Niaz Chalabianloo, Fatemeh Ahmadi, Sheikh S Abdullah, Flory T Muanda","doi":"10.1177/02698811251344684","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02698811251344684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have been linked to various neuropsychiatric effects, including nightmares, mostly through case reports. However, data on nightmares remain limited and underreported.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To review the literature on FQ-related nightmares and estimate the risk of nightmares associated with FQs compared to other antibiotics using data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review was conducted to identify studies on FQ-related nightmares. Active-comparator restricted disproportionality analyses were performed in FAERS (2004Q1-2023Q4) for ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin compared to azithromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. We calculated reporting odds ratios (RORs), proportional reporting ratios, adjusted ROR (accounting age, sex, weight, and specific indications), and information components (IC₀₂₅) to detect safety signals for the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities term \"nightmare.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review identified seven studies, with the prevalence of nightmares ranging from 0.01% to 8% across three trials. Disproportionality analyses indicated that FQ-associated nightmare reports were 6- to 10-fold higher than those linked to azithromycin (ROR: 6.18, 95% CI: 4.14-9.23) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (ROR: 10.38, 95% CI: 4.92-21.89), largely reported by consumers. These findings were consistent across frequentist and Bayesian methods and adjusted analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FQs may increase the risk of nightmares. Our findings provide valuable insights for future research on their safety profile. Further research is needed to validate these findings and guide safe FQ use.</p>","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"782-789"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centrally-acting opioid receptor antagonists as a treatment for antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trial data.","authors":"Kenn Lee, Matthew Twohig, Nguemo Pauline Idoko, Benjamin David Williams","doi":"10.1177/02698811251337374","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02698811251337374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) is a major concern in psychiatry, where there is a mortality gap between those with mental illness, particularly schizophrenia, and the general population. One development proposed is using centrally-acting opioid receptor antagonists (CORAs) such as naltrexone and samidorphan.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the available human clinical trial data on the effect of CORA on AIWG.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Four online databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane) were searched for randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) on the topic. The primary outcome was change in bodyweight. Secondary anthropometric outcomes included percentage bodyweight change, BMI change, and absolute risk of weight gain. Meta-analysis was conducted on primary outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine RCT articles (samidorphan = 6, naltrexone = 3) and two extension studies from RCTs (both samidorphan) were identified. Meta-analysis of four RCTs (<i>n</i> = 1416) found olanzapine/samidorphan was associated with less weight gain than olanzapine alone (mean difference in bodyweight change: -1.18 kg; 95% CI: -1.67 to -0.68). Olanzapine/samidorphan was also superior to olanzapine for changes in BMI (-0.65 kg/m²; 95% CI: -1.1 to -0.28), waist circumference (-1.5 cm; 95% CI: -2.67 to -0.32), and risk reduction for gaining 7% body weight (-12.4%; 95% CI: -18.27 to -6.54) or 10% body weight (-10.8%; 95% CI: -16.21 to -5.45). Naltrexone did not separate from placebo for change in weight or BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CORA, specifically samidorphan, was effective at reducing weight gain in individuals prescribed olanzapine. The small effect sizes and discrepancy between samidorphan and naltrexone suggest effects may be timing dependent, not a class effect, or dependent on the antipsychotic combination.</p>","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"790-803"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GABA and Glx levels in cortico-subcortical networks predict catecholaminergic effects on response inhibition.","authors":"Anna Helin Koyun, Annett Werner, Paul Kuntke, Veit Roessner, Christian Beste, Ann-Kathrin Stock","doi":"10.1177/02698811251340893","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02698811251340893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cortico-subcortical networks play a fundamental role in cognitive control. Within these circuits, neurotransmitters such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, and catecholamines crucially modulate response control and (motor) response inhibition. Despite the evident interrelation between these transmitter systems, the role of baseline GABA and glutamate-glutamine (Glx) levels in predicting/influencing catecholaminergic effects has remained rather unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>Addressing this knowledge gap, we investigated the question how much (and which facets) of behavioral effects attributed to catecholamines are due to GABAergic and glutamatergic levels in control-relevant cortical networks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we assessed baseline GABA+ and Glx levels within the striatum, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the (pre-)supplementary motor cortex ((pre-)SMA), and their predictive value for catecholaminergic modulation of response selection and inhibition performance. For this purpose, we administered low and high doses of methylphenidate (MPH) to healthy adults and examined whether baseline GABA+ and Glx were associated with dose-dependent MPH effects on response control.</p><p><strong>Results/outcomes: </strong>For the first time in a sample of healthy adults, we demonstrate that GABA+/Glx levels in cognitive control-relevant cortical areas are indicative of the magnitude of MPH-induced effects on response inhibition. Specifically, striatal GABA+/Glx levels predicted better response inhibition performance under the administration of low MPH doses. In contrast, (pre-)SMA GABA+/Glx levels were associated with high MPH dose-induced impairments of response inhibition performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion/interpretation: </strong>The predictive relevance of GABA+/Glx levels for MPH dose-dependent effects on cognitive control processes provides valuable insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the previously reported heterogeneous MPH effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"769-781"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian rhythmicity in prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response: A study of chronotype and time-of-day effects in young healthy adults.","authors":"Satyam Chauhan, Ulrich Ettinger, Kaja Fassbender, Ray Norbury, Veena Kumari","doi":"10.1177/02698811251337397","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02698811251337397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustically elicited startle response is a widely used cross-species measure of sensorimotor gating. It is known to be reduced in various psychiatric disorders. Given previous reports of (a) disrupted PPI in young adults following overnight sleep deprivation and (b) disrupted sleep-wake cycles and psychiatric disorders being more common in evening than morning chronotypes, it is possible that there are chronobiological influences on human PPI.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We investigated chronotype, time of day (ToD) and synchrony effects (i.e. optimal functioning at preferred ToD) in acoustic PPI in young healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six adults, selected from a larger pool (<i>N</i> = 213) to represent morning, intermediate or evening chronotypes, were assessed on PPI (prepulse-to-pulse intervals: 30, 60 and 120-ms) on two occasions, 1 week apart: once in the morning (8:00-10:00) and once during the late afternoon (16:00-18:00).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no chronotype or synchrony effects on PPI. In the late afternoon, compared to the morning session, (i) there was greater startle amplitude on pulse-alone trials in association with higher schizotypy and (ii) greater PPI on 120-ms (but not 30-ms or 60-ms) PPI trials, but this effect became non-significant after covarying for schizotypy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings showed no chronotype or synchrony effect on PPI, and offer further support for PPI to be a stable biomarker that is not significantly modulated by chronotype or ToD in healthy adults. ToD, however, may influence some startle parameters in association with schizotypy and should be considered in future studies of schizotypy and related populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"759-768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}