Journal of Phytopathology最新文献_第2页

Multipathotype Testing and Molecular Markers Identify Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in a Collection of Iranian Wheat Cultivars 伊朗小麦品种抗叶锈病基因的多病型检测和分子标记鉴定

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70262

Saeideh Dorostkar, Mona Karbalivand, Ali Dadkhodaie, Bahram Heidari

{"title":"Multipathotype Testing and Molecular Markers Identify Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in a Collection of Iranian Wheat Cultivars","authors":"Saeideh Dorostkar, Mona Karbalivand, Ali Dadkhodaie, Bahram Heidari","doi":"10.1111/jph.70262","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jph.70262","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt), is one of the most prevalent wheat diseases worldwide, leading to substantial yield losses and reduced grain quality. Understanding the genetic basis of resistance and the diversity of leaf rust resistance (Lr) genes is crucial for effective disease management. In the present study, 32 Iranian wheat cultivars and 36 near isogenic lines were evaluated against seven Pt races at the seedling stage under greenhouse conditions. Additionally, the presence of the genes Lr10, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr37 was investigated using specific molecular markers. Phenotypic evaluation of genotypes revealed a wide range of infection types, varying from resistant ‘0;=’ to highly susceptible ‘4’. ‘Pishtaz’, ‘Golestan’ and ‘Rasool’ were the most resistant cultivars. Molecular marker analysis identified the presence of Lr10, Lr24 and Lr37, either singly or in combination in 23 cultivars, whereas Lr19 was not detected in any genotype. The gene Lr24 was the most frequently occurring gene (59.38%), followed by Lr10 (53.12%) and Lr37 (43.75%). Notably, cultivars with identical Lr gene combinations often exhibited contrasting infection types, indicating a complex genotype–phenotype relationship and suggesting the involvement of epistatic interactions, uncharacterized resistance loci and local pathogen adaptation. Overall, although Lr24 emerged as the major contributor to leaf rust resistance in the studied germplasm, the absence of Lr19 highlights the need for incorporating additional resistance sources in breeding programs. These findings emphasise the need to broaden the resistance gene pool and deploy diverse genes to enhance the durability of leaf rust resistance in Iranian wheat cultivars.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"174 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leaf Spot on Pritchardia martii Caused by Nigrospora osmanthi in China 桂花黑孢子虫引起的中国麻瓜叶斑病

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70286

Haoqin Pan, Rui Zhang, Haibo Xia, Yanqing Li, Yongguang Liu, Cuicui Wang

引用次数: 0

Leaf Spot on Pritchardia martii Caused by Nigrospora osmanthi in China 桂花黑孢子虫引起的中国麻瓜叶斑病

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70286

Haoqin Pan, Rui Zhang, Haibo Xia, Yanqing Li, Yongguang Liu, Cuicui Wang

引用次数: 0

Development of dsRNA Targeting ChiVMV Coat Protein for Protection of Ghost Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Against Cognate Virus 靶向ChiVMV外壳蛋白dsRNA保护鬼椒的研究进展对抗同源病毒

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70283

Devayani Sarmah, Munmi Borah, Anindita Saikia, Palash Deb Nath, Gowtham Kumar Routhu

{"title":"Development of dsRNA Targeting ChiVMV Coat Protein for Protection of Ghost Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Against Cognate Virus","authors":"Devayani Sarmah, Munmi Borah, Anindita Saikia, Palash Deb Nath, Gowtham Kumar Routhu","doi":"10.1111/jph.70283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70283","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Ghost pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) production in India is severely constrained by Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), an aphid-transmitted potyvirus. Current management relies on integrated practices, including cultural methods, vector control and limited deployment of resistant varieties, but effective control remains challenging. In this study, we developed a non-transgenic RNA interference (RNAi)-based strategy to enhance resistance against ChiVMV. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules corresponding to a fragment of the viral coat protein (CP) gene were produced in vivo using Escherichia coli DH5α and applied externally to ghost pepper foliage. Plants treated with CP-specific dsRNA exhibited significantly reduced symptom severity and disease incidence, with infection rates reduced to 20%–35% compared with 80%–90% in untreated plants. These results indicate activation of RNAi-mediated antiviral defense following dsRNA application. Our findings demonstrate that exogenous application of virus-derived dsRNA can effectively suppress ChiVMV infection in ghost pepper and highlight the potential of spray-induced gene silencing as a practical and sustainable approach for managing viral diseases in solanaceous crops.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"174 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterisation of Pantoea ananatis Isolated From Mutant Rice Lines and Its Pathogenicity on the Commercial Rice Variety MR220-CL2 in Peninsular Malaysia 马来西亚半岛商业水稻品种MR220-CL2对突变水稻系分离的泛藻特征及其致病性的研究

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70280

Nur Hazwani Khairuddin, Mohammad Malek Faizal Azizi, Muhammad Hadif Ridwan Yahaya, Nazirul Amin Abdullah, Wan Ixora Batrisya Wan Zain, Nur Aliah Rosli, Muhammad Daniel Nurhakim Yusof, Nurul Ellyiana Yusri, Nur Allya Muhamad Rizal, Faiz Ahmad, Asma Aris, Wan Dalila Wan Chik, Sobri Hussein, Muhammad Adib Najmi Ja'afar, Dzarifah Mohamed Zulperi

{"title":"Characterisation of Pantoea ananatis Isolated From Mutant Rice Lines and Its Pathogenicity on the Commercial Rice Variety MR220-CL2 in Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"Nur Hazwani Khairuddin, Mohammad Malek Faizal Azizi, Muhammad Hadif Ridwan Yahaya, Nazirul Amin Abdullah, Wan Ixora Batrisya Wan Zain, Nur Aliah Rosli, Muhammad Daniel Nurhakim Yusof, Nurul Ellyiana Yusri, Nur Allya Muhamad Rizal, Faiz Ahmad, Asma Aris, Wan Dalila Wan Chik, Sobri Hussein, Muhammad Adib Najmi Ja'afar, Dzarifah Mohamed Zulperi","doi":"10.1111/jph.70280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70280","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Bacterial leaf blight (BLB), traditionally caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, is a major constraint in rice production. Recently, Pantoea ananatis has emerged as a BLB-associated pathogen, but its impact on rice production in Malaysia is unclear. This study isolated seven yellow-pigmented bacteria from symptomatic mutant rice leaves in Kelantan and Terengganu. Morphological characterisation and molecular identification using infB-based PCR and sequencing verified all isolates as Pantoea ananatis. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the isolates with reference P. ananatis strains, with bootstrap analysis based on 1000 replicates showing high node support (91%–100%), clearly separating them from other Pantoea species. Pathogenicity tests on MR220-CL2 produced typical BLB symptoms with high disease severity, demonstrating that P. ananatis can infect both mutant and conventional rice lines, posing a potential threat to rice cultivation in Malaysia. This study provides current evidence of P. ananatis causing BLB in mutant rice lines developed by the Malaysian Nuclear Agency through mutation breeding. By confirming the pathogen's identity and pathogenicity, the findings enhance national disease surveillance efforts, support ongoing rice improvement programmes and provide essential baseline data to guide future work in resistance breeding, disease management and diagnostic development.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"174 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterisation of Pantoea ananatis Isolated From Mutant Rice Lines and Its Pathogenicity on the Commercial Rice Variety MR220-CL2 in Peninsular Malaysia 马来西亚半岛商业水稻品种MR220-CL2对突变水稻系分离的泛藻特征及其致病性的研究

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70280

Nur Hazwani Khairuddin, Mohammad Malek Faizal Azizi, Muhammad Hadif Ridwan Yahaya, Nazirul Amin Abdullah, Wan Ixora Batrisya Wan Zain, Nur Aliah Rosli, Muhammad Daniel Nurhakim Yusof, Nurul Ellyiana Yusri, Nur Allya Muhamad Rizal, Faiz Ahmad, Asma Aris, Wan Dalila Wan Chik, Sobri Hussein, Muhammad Adib Najmi Ja'afar, Dzarifah Mohamed Zulperi

{"title":"Characterisation of Pantoea ananatis Isolated From Mutant Rice Lines and Its Pathogenicity on the Commercial Rice Variety MR220-CL2 in Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"Nur Hazwani Khairuddin, Mohammad Malek Faizal Azizi, Muhammad Hadif Ridwan Yahaya, Nazirul Amin Abdullah, Wan Ixora Batrisya Wan Zain, Nur Aliah Rosli, Muhammad Daniel Nurhakim Yusof, Nurul Ellyiana Yusri, Nur Allya Muhamad Rizal, Faiz Ahmad, Asma Aris, Wan Dalila Wan Chik, Sobri Hussein, Muhammad Adib Najmi Ja'afar, Dzarifah Mohamed Zulperi","doi":"10.1111/jph.70280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70280","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Bacterial leaf blight (BLB), traditionally caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, is a major constraint in rice production. Recently, Pantoea ananatis has emerged as a BLB-associated pathogen, but its impact on rice production in Malaysia is unclear. This study isolated seven yellow-pigmented bacteria from symptomatic mutant rice leaves in Kelantan and Terengganu. Morphological characterisation and molecular identification using infB-based PCR and sequencing verified all isolates as Pantoea ananatis. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the isolates with reference P. ananatis strains, with bootstrap analysis based on 1000 replicates showing high node support (91%–100%), clearly separating them from other Pantoea species. Pathogenicity tests on MR220-CL2 produced typical BLB symptoms with high disease severity, demonstrating that P. ananatis can infect both mutant and conventional rice lines, posing a potential threat to rice cultivation in Malaysia. This study provides current evidence of P. ananatis causing BLB in mutant rice lines developed by the Malaysian Nuclear Agency through mutation breeding. By confirming the pathogen's identity and pathogenicity, the findings enhance national disease surveillance efforts, support ongoing rice improvement programmes and provide essential baseline data to guide future work in resistance breeding, disease management and diagnostic development.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"174 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of dsRNA Targeting ChiVMV Coat Protein for Protection of Ghost Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Against Cognate Virus 靶向ChiVMV外壳蛋白dsRNA保护鬼椒的研究进展对抗同源病毒

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70283

Devayani Sarmah, Munmi Borah, Anindita Saikia, Palash Deb Nath, Gowtham Kumar Routhu

{"title":"Development of dsRNA Targeting ChiVMV Coat Protein for Protection of Ghost Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Against Cognate Virus","authors":"Devayani Sarmah, Munmi Borah, Anindita Saikia, Palash Deb Nath, Gowtham Kumar Routhu","doi":"10.1111/jph.70283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70283","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Ghost pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) production in India is severely constrained by Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), an aphid-transmitted potyvirus. Current management relies on integrated practices, including cultural methods, vector control and limited deployment of resistant varieties, but effective control remains challenging. In this study, we developed a non-transgenic RNA interference (RNAi)-based strategy to enhance resistance against ChiVMV. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules corresponding to a fragment of the viral coat protein (CP) gene were produced in vivo using Escherichia coli DH5α and applied externally to ghost pepper foliage. Plants treated with CP-specific dsRNA exhibited significantly reduced symptom severity and disease incidence, with infection rates reduced to 20%–35% compared with 80%–90% in untreated plants. These results indicate activation of RNAi-mediated antiviral defense following dsRNA application. Our findings demonstrate that exogenous application of virus-derived dsRNA can effectively suppress ChiVMV infection in ghost pepper and highlight the potential of spray-induced gene silencing as a practical and sustainable approach for managing viral diseases in solanaceous crops.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"174 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Yield Quality and Grape Disease Prediction Using Machine Learning and Climatic Data 利用机器学习和气候数据进行产量质量评价和葡萄病害预测

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-15 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70263

Swati Vishal Sinha, Balaji M. Patil

{"title":"Evaluation of Yield Quality and Grape Disease Prediction Using Machine Learning and Climatic Data","authors":"Swati Vishal Sinha, Balaji M. Patil","doi":"10.1111/jph.70263","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jph.70263","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Grape disease is one of the most common diseases that impacts grapevines, affecting both the yields of the plants and the quality of the fruits that are harvested. Currently, fungicide treatments are often used throughout the season to combat the disease. In terms of public health and the environment, fewer treatments are necessary. This issue could be solved by identifying vineyards that are more likely to suffer severe attacks in the spring and treating them only with fungicidal treatments. Computers, categorization, bioinformatics, marketing, healthcare, gaming and industry are just a few of the many areas that have made use of machine learning in the past several years. These technologies are used to identify high-quality grapes for export after they have been photographed and pre-processed. Accurate illness detection and disease preventive management methods are critical for increasing quality and productivity. This proposed study aims to effectively predict the quality of grape yield and perceive illnesses such as powdery mildew and downy mildew. Initially, sensors located on farms are used to gather climate data. Then, the input data is pre-processed using min-max normalization and a one-hot encoding method to remove the unwanted data. Four distinct machine learning classifiers are then employed on the pre-processed input: K Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB) and Bernoulli Naive Bayes (BNB). A variety of performance measures are used to assess the performance of the proposed model. In terms of disease prediction, the KNN classifier outperforms with 82% accuracy on plots 2 and 3. Additionally, plots 2 and 3 have a yield prediction accuracy of 98%. The results obtained are more efficient than other existing models.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"174 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenotypic Validation and SSR Marker Association in Sesame Germplasm Contrasting for Dry Root Rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) Tolerance 芝麻种质耐干根腐病表型验证及SSR标记关联

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-14 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70279

Saba Khan, Ritu Tiwari, Jameel Akhtar, Arjun Lal Yadav, Kartar Singh, Senthilraja Govindasamy, Mahalingam Angamuthu, Pankaj Sharma, Kailash Narayan Gupta, Rashmi Yadav, Parimalan Rangan

{"title":"Phenotypic Validation and SSR Marker Association in Sesame Germplasm Contrasting for Dry Root Rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) Tolerance","authors":"Saba Khan, Ritu Tiwari, Jameel Akhtar, Arjun Lal Yadav, Kartar Singh, Senthilraja Govindasamy, Mahalingam Angamuthu, Pankaj Sharma, Kailash Narayan Gupta, Rashmi Yadav, Parimalan Rangan","doi":"10.1111/jph.70279","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jph.70279","url":null,"abstract":"Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an ancient oilseed crop of family Pedaliaceae, known for its quality oil, supplemented with dietary advantages due to the presence of bioactive compounds like sesamin and sesamolin. Phyllody and dry root rot (DRR) are the two major biotic stress factors that cause significant yield reduction and economic loss in sesame. The causal organism for DRR in sesame is Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., though a recent report also identifies Alternaria alternata as a causal organism. Breeding for DRR tolerant sesame cultivars requires identification of tolerant genotypes and their associated markers for utilisation in marker assisted selection, using sesame germplasm. Here we report the phenotypic validation of sesame germplasm known to contrast for DRR tolerance and identified three accessions, IC500861, IC511141 and EC347078, exhibiting tolerance to DRR. Additionally, the previously reported SSR markers were used to screen the phenotypically contrasting accessions and identified 17 polymorphic SSR markers. Of these SSR markers, one marker (ZMM1307) was found to be associated with DRR tolerance among the studied accessions. These validated accessions are potentially useful and can be explored to broaden the sources of resistance against DRR and in the breeding program for developing sesame cultivars exhibiting DRR tolerance for sustainable yield and productivity.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"174 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jph.70279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First Report of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Anthracnose on Magnolia liliiflora in China 中国白玉兰炭疽病研究初报

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70281

Haoqin Pan, Wenxin Qi, Yingxin Ma, Tingting Li, Yanqing Li, Cuicui Wang

引用次数: 0