Journal of Phytopathology最新文献

Viability, Pathogenicity and Fungicide Sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea Isolates After Storage for up to 6 Years 贮藏6年后灰葡萄孢菌的生存力、致病性和杀菌剂敏感性

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70127

Juliana Nicolau Maia, Giovana Beger, Débora Rendoki, Louise Larissa May De Mio, Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte

{"title":"Viability, Pathogenicity and Fungicide Sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea Isolates After Storage for up to 6 Years","authors":"Juliana Nicolau Maia, Giovana Beger, Débora Rendoki, Louise Larissa May De Mio, Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte","doi":"10.1111/jph.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70127","url":null,"abstract":"Botrytis cinerea causes pre- and postharvest diseases in several crops. Effective methods for long-term storage to maintain its viability and characteristics are necessary. This study evaluated the viability and pathogenicity of 125 isolates collected in 2017 and stored for 2 and 6 years using four methods: Castellani (water, room temperature), filter paper discs with silica gel (−18°C), glycerol (−18°C), and filter paper strips (−18°C). It also assessed changes in resistance to azoxystrobin, boscalid, fluazinam, and procymidone in 20 isolates. Viability was highest with silica gel and filter paper discs (average 71.2% and 60.0%, respectively), and more than 90% of the viable isolates remained pathogenic on strawberry fruit, except for those stored using the Castellani and glycerol methods after 6 years. Resistance to azoxystrobin and boscalid was stable, while the number of resistant isolates declined by 25% and 30% for fluazinam and procymidone, respectively. Overall, the method utilising silica gel with filter paper discs proved to be the most effective storage method for B. cinerea isolates, and the results confirmed the instability of resistance to fluazinam and procymidone.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jph.70127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and Pathotype Diversity of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Eastern Ethiopia 小麦茎锈病的流行及病型多样性埃塞俄比亚东部的小麦

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70113

Mulu Nigus, Mulusew Fikere, Hussein Shimelis

{"title":"Prevalence and Pathotype Diversity of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Mulu Nigus, Mulusew Fikere, Hussein Shimelis","doi":"10.1111/jph.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70113","url":null,"abstract":"Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt) is a major constraint to wheat production worldwide, including Ethiopia. Up-to-date information on stem rust epidemics and pathotype diversity is crucial for effective disease management. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of wheat stem rust and characterise Pgt pathotypes in eastern Ethiopia to support resistance breeding. Disease surveys were conducted across five districts in the East-Hararghe Zone (Girawa, Haramaya, Jarso, Malka Ballo and Meta) and three districts in the West-Hararghe Zone (Gamachis, Masela and Tulo) during the main cropping season. A total of 44 wheat fields were surveyed, and 27 stem rust samples were collected. Pathotyping was performed at the Ambo Plant Protection Research Center using 20 North American differential lines. Stem rust was detected in 77.3% of the surveyed fields, with varying disease severity. Five Pgt pathotypes were identified: TKKTF, TTTTF, TKTTF, TKPTF and TTKTT. Notably, the recently detected TTKTT race exhibited virulence against 95% of wheat genotypes, including those carrying the Sr24 resistance gene. This race was isolated from the widely grown variety Ogolcho in the Jarso district. The findings highlight eastern Ethiopia as a hotspot for wheat stem rust, harbouring genetically diverse and highly virulent pathotypes. The insights from this study provide valuable information for targeted disease screening and resistance breeding efforts in Ethiopia and beyond.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jph.70113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Detection and Characterisation of a Putative Emaravirus Infecting Scaevola taccada 基于高通量测序的一种推测感染镰状鳞翅目的Emaravirus的检测和鉴定

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70128

Haiyan Che, Min Li, Meijiao Hu, Daquan Luo, Haibo Long

{"title":"High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Detection and Characterisation of a Putative Emaravirus Infecting Scaevola taccada","authors":"Haiyan Che, Min Li, Meijiao Hu, Daquan Luo, Haibo Long","doi":"10.1111/jph.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Scaevola taccada is an important perennial evergreen shrubby seaside plant that can be used to prevent coastal erosion and to protect cultivated plants against salt spray. In January 2022, a virus-like disease, tentatively named yellow blotch disease (YBD), that severely affected the growth of S. taccada was detected in Sansha City, Hainan Province, China. To identify the pathogen responsible for this disease, we examined the virome profile of a symptomatic S. taccada using ribosomal RNA-depleted total RNA sequencing. Sequence assembly and analysis revealed the presence of eleven viral genome segments in the symptomatic sample encoding a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNA1a and RNA1b), glycoprotein precursor (RNA2a and RNA 2b), nucleocapsid protein (RNA3a and RNA3b), movement protein (RNA4a and RNA4b) and P5 (RNA5) and P6 proteins (RNA6a and RNA6b) of unknown function, respectively. Molecular signatures in the viral RNAs, sequence comparisons, and phylogenetic analysis collectively indicate the presence of a novel virus in the symptomatic S. taccada sample, tentatively named Scaevola yellow blotch virus (ScYBV). This virus belongs to a new species in the genus Emaravirus of family Fimoviridae, tentatively designated as Emaravirus scaevolae. This marks the first report of an emaravirus infecting S. taccada plants. Bioassays showed that ScYBV is not mechanically transmissible to Nicotiana benthamiana plants. Molecular screening of leaves from 52 symptomatic and 20 asymptomatic individual S. taccada plants suggested a strong relationship between yellow blotch and the presence of ScYBV. These findings provide a basis for effective control of YBD and contribute to a greater understanding of the genetic diversity of emaraviruses.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Ginsenosides on the Pathogenicity of Ilyonectria spp. 人参皂苷对大肠杆菌致病性的影响。

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70129

Anka Colo, Mark A. Bernards

引用次数: 0

First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Fusarium proliferatum on Clivia miniata (Bush Lily) in China 中国小花兰（Clivia miniata）增生镰刀菌叶斑病报告初报

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70108

Jiajia Li, Jialin Song, Zhaoyu Li, Yongqiang Tian, Xu Su, Zhepeng Deng

引用次数: 0

Spatial–Temporal Colonisation of Cacao Stem Tissues by Lasiodiplodia laeliocattleyae 可可茎组织的时空定殖研究

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70116

Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos, Hayron Fabricio Canchignia-Martínez, Katherine Gissella Miranda-Clas, Nohely Valentina Bravo-Bravo, Joel Francisco Meza-Arteaga, Bryan Loja, Efrén Santos-Ordóñez

{"title":"Spatial–Temporal Colonisation of Cacao Stem Tissues by Lasiodiplodia laeliocattleyae","authors":"Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos, Hayron Fabricio Canchignia-Martínez, Katherine Gissella Miranda-Clas, Nohely Valentina Bravo-Bravo, Joel Francisco Meza-Arteaga, Bryan Loja, Efrén Santos-Ordóñez","doi":"10.1111/jph.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is a key tropical crop, but dieback has become an emerging threat, with Lasiodiplodia species identified as causal agents. In Ecuador, L. laeliocattleyae has been reported as responsible for dieback and pod rot in the CCN-51 cacao clone. However, its colonisation dynamics in stem tissues remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the spatial–temporal colonisation of L. laeliocattleyae in CCN-51 cacao stems. Seedlings were inoculated with virulent pathogen strains LT1A and LT2A, and vascular necrosis was evaluated at 1, 25, and 50 days after inoculation (DAI). Dieback incidence was assessed at 50 DAI. Our results showed that both isolates caused 100% seedling mortality, with LT2A inducing more intense symptoms. Vascular necrosis increased over time and was significantly more intense in the basipetal region than in the acropetal region, suggesting a downward colonisation pattern. The LT2A strain caused more significant necrosis in vascular tissues than LT1A, particularly at 50 DAI. A significant interaction between strain and stem region was observed only on the first day after inoculation. Both strains exhibited similar colonisation rates in stem tissues over time. These findings provide new insights into the colonisation dynamics of L. laeliocattleyae, suggesting the possible involvement of the phloem or a migration strategy toward the soil. Understanding this process is critical for developing management strategies against Lasiodiplodia-induced dieback in cacao plants. Future studies should employ biochemical, microscopic, and molecular techniques to elucidate further the mechanisms underlying the pathogen's colonisation patterns.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ilyonectria Species Associated With Tree Decline in Pinus taeda in Brazil 与巴西针叶松树木衰退有关的线虫种

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70120

Ana Carolina Lyra Brumat, Celso Garcia Auer, Dauri José Tessmann, Caroline de Bastos Bührer, Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte, Álvaro Figueredo dos Santos

{"title":"Ilyonectria Species Associated With Tree Decline in Pinus taeda in Brazil","authors":"Ana Carolina Lyra Brumat, Celso Garcia Auer, Dauri José Tessmann, Caroline de Bastos Bührer, Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte, Álvaro Figueredo dos Santos","doi":"10.1111/jph.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70120","url":null,"abstract":"Characteristic symptoms of decline were observed in 10-year-old Pinus taeda (loblolly pine) trees in plantations located in the state of Santa Catarina, in the humid subtropical south of Brazil. Aboveground, we observed needle chlorosis, followed by drying and shortening of needles, formation of tufts on branch tips, and death of the canopy at a more advanced stage. In the root system, there was a reduction in the volume of secondary roots, the absence of ectomycorrhizae, and some external necrotic lesions. This study aimed to identify the pathogenic fungi associated with the decline. Roots and soil from symptomatic trees were collected to isolate pathogenic fungi. Molecular characterisation of the isolates was carried out by sequencing the ITS region and partial HIS3 and TEF1 genes; morphological characterisation of conidiophores and conidia was also conducted. Seven isolates were identified, belonging to the species Ilyonectria leucospermi (n = 2), I. protearum (n = 2), I. robusta (n = 2), and I. vredenhoekensis (n = 1). Koch's postulates were fulfilled for the pathogenic characterisation of the isolates on P. taeda seedlings. This study is the first to report these pathogens causing disease in P. taeda worldwide, and it demonstrated their association with the decline of pine trees in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jph.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First Report of Cotton Leaf Curl Gezira Alphasatellite and Okra Leaf Curl Alphasatellite Infecting Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Iraq 伊拉克棉叶卷曲病及秋葵卷叶卷曲病初报

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70125

Mariam H. Al-Helu, Adnan A. Lahuf, Zuhair M. A. Jeddoa, Zhongtian Xu, Junmin Li

{"title":"First Report of Cotton Leaf Curl Gezira Alphasatellite and Okra Leaf Curl Alphasatellite Infecting Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Iraq","authors":"Mariam H. Al-Helu, Adnan A. Lahuf, Zuhair M. A. Jeddoa, Zhongtian Xu, Junmin Li","doi":"10.1111/jph.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is a widely cultivated vegetable crop, yet highly susceptible to viral infections. During the 2023 growing season, a field survey in Al-Yusufiyah, Baghdad, Iraq, revealed typical viral symptoms in okra, with a 30% disease incidence and high whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) infestation. Thirty symptomatic samples underwent molecular analysis, including RNA extraction and high-throughput sequencing. Bioinformatics and BLASTx analysis identified a begomovirus complex consisting of Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus (CLCuGV), its associated betasatellite (CLCuGB), alphasatellite (CLCuGA), and Okra leaf curl alphasatellite (OLCuA), with 98%–99% identity to regional isolates. PCR and transmission assays confirmed infectivity and symptom reproduction in okra. This study reports, for the first time in Iraq, okra as a natural host for CLCuGV and CLCuGB, alongside the presence of CLCuGA and OLCuA. These findings provide critical insight into the viral disease complex affecting okra and highlight the need for effective virus management strategies in Iraqi agriculture.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Multi-Disease Detection Method for Paddy Rice Based on Enhancing Detection Transformer With ConvNeXt-DAM-FFNet Refinement 基于ConvNeXt-DAM-FFNet改进检测变压器的水稻多病检测方法

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70106

Xinyu Zhang, Hang Dong, Jinghao Yang, Zhenglong Lu, Liang Gong, Lei Zhang

{"title":"A Multi-Disease Detection Method for Paddy Rice Based on Enhancing Detection Transformer With ConvNeXt-DAM-FFNet Refinement","authors":"Xinyu Zhang, Hang Dong, Jinghao Yang, Zhenglong Lu, Liang Gong, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jph.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Global food security is seriously threatened by paddy rice diseases, which reduce annual yields in important growing regions. Real-world field circumstances with complex background interference provide significant obstacles for automated detection systems. Based on the Detection with Transformer methodology, this study offers a unique framework for the identification of plant diseases. Utilising the strong ConvNeXt architecture improves feature extraction, a suggested feature fusion network optimises cross-level contextual integration, and a deformable attention mechanism permits adaptive spatial localization. The Transformer architecture's structural changes improve the precision of detection. To improve generality, a new optimizer is used to update the model parameters. The Hard-Swish activation function is also included to improve the model's overall performance by fortifying its capacity to handle nonlinear features. Under varying illumination and occlusion conditions, the experimental evaluation shows superior detection performance with 80.0% precision, 83.2% recall and 81.6% F1-score with 61.5% mAP on a real field-collected dataset with 1200 images of four critical paddy rice diseases (bacterial panicle blight, blast, dead heart and hispa). Compared to the baseline model, it shows improvements of 9.3%, 11.9%, 10.6% and 5.5%, respectively. With potential uses in automating agricultural inspection procedures, this study provides a practical and efficient approach for identifying a variety of plant diseases in outdoor settings.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First Report of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid in Vegetative Capsicum annum and Its Effect on Host Metabolites 无性辣椒中马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒及其对宿主代谢产物的影响初报

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1111/jph.70122

Zaryab Khalid Sial, Shabnum Shaheen, Riffat Siddique, Modhi O. Alotaibi, Sana Khalid, Romisha Sonia, Sayyara Ibadullayeva, Muhammad Zafar, Anwer Usma, Javid Ojaghi

{"title":"First Report of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid in Vegetative Capsicum annum and Its Effect on Host Metabolites","authors":"Zaryab Khalid Sial, Shabnum Shaheen, Riffat Siddique, Modhi O. Alotaibi, Sana Khalid, Romisha Sonia, Sayyara Ibadullayeva, Muhammad Zafar, Anwer Usma, Javid Ojaghi","doi":"10.1111/jph.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 In recent years, Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), a member of the genus Pospiviroid, has been increasingly detected in a wide range of vegetatively propagated and ornamental plant species. This pilot study was conducted to detect the presence of PSTVd in Capsicum annuum L. (chilli) plants and to analyse the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by infected plants using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Field surveys were carried out in various nurseries located in Pattoki, District Kasur, Pakistan, to identify symptomatic chilli plants exhibiting leaf curling, yellowing and spindle-shaped deformities. Suspected samples were collected from multiple nursery sites, encompassing a range of developmental stages from recently grafted seedlings to fruit-bearing plants. For molecular diagnostics, a modified Trizol-based RNA extraction protocol was employed to enhance efficiency and conserve reagents. Total RNA from symptomatic leaves was reverse transcribed to cDNA and subjected to sequencing. Sequence analysis revealed that 75 out of 100 samples exhibited up to 99% sequence similarity with known PSTVd isolates in GenBank, with the predominant local isolate submitted under accession number MK977647. Comparative analysis suggests that the introduction and spread of PSTVd in chilli crops may be associated with proximity to infected ornamental species (e.g., MN055490) and Solanaceous crops such as potato and tomato. As far as we are aware, this study provides the first documented evidence of PSTVd infection in chilli plants in Pakistan. These findings underscore the necessity for continued surveillance and the development of integrated management strategies to mitigate the spread of this economically significant viroid in vegetatively propagated crops.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"173 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0