Journal of Physiological Sciences最新文献_第3页

An interactive simulator to deepen the understanding of Guyton's venous return curve. 互动模拟器加深了对盖顿静脉回流曲线的理解。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00912-9

Noritaka Mamorita, Akihiro Takeuchi, Hirotoshi Kamata

{"title":"An interactive simulator to deepen the understanding of Guyton's venous return curve.","authors":"Noritaka Mamorita, Akihiro Takeuchi, Hirotoshi Kamata","doi":"10.1186/s12576-024-00912-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12576-024-00912-9","url":null,"abstract":"Mean circulatory filling pressure, venous return curve, and Guyton's graphical analysis are basic concepts in cardiovascular physiology. However, some medical students may not know how to view and interpret or understand them adequately. To deepen students' understanding of the graphical analysis, in place of having to perform live animal experiments, we developed an interactive cardiovascular simulator, as a self-learning tool, as a web application. The minimum closed-loop model consisted of a ventricle, an artery, resistance, and a vein, excluding venous resistance. The simulator consists of three modules: setting (parameters and simulation modes), calculation, and presentation. In the setting module, the user can interactively customize model parameters, compliances, resistance, Emax of the ventricular contractility, total blood volume, and unstressed volume. The hemodynamics are calculated in three phases: filling (late diastole), ejection (systole), and flow (early diastole). In response to the user's settings, the simulator graphically presents the hemodynamics: the pressure-volume relations of the artery, vein, and ventricle, the venous return curves, and the stroke volume curves. The mean filling pressure is calculated at approximately 7 mmHg at the initial setting. The venous return curves, linear and concave, are dependent on the venous compliance. The hemodynamic equilibrium point is marked on the crossing point of venous return curve and the stroke volume curve. Users can interactively do discovery learning, and try and confirm their interests and get their questions answered about hemodynamic concepts by using the simulator.","PeriodicalId":16832,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10981291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140329901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Regulation of myocardial contraction as revealed by intracellular Ca²⁺ measurements using aequorin. 更正：使用 aequorin 测量细胞内 Ca2+ 揭示的心肌收缩调节。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00915-6

Satoshi Kurihara, Norio Fukuda

引用次数: 0

Influence of age on nicotinic cholinergic regulation of blood flow in rat's olfactory bulb and neocortex. 年龄对大鼠嗅球和新皮质中烟碱胆碱能调节血流的影响

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00913-8

Sae Uchida, Fusako Kagitani

{"title":"Influence of age on nicotinic cholinergic regulation of blood flow in rat's olfactory bulb and neocortex.","authors":"Sae Uchida, Fusako Kagitani","doi":"10.1186/s12576-024-00913-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12576-024-00913-8","url":null,"abstract":"The olfactory bulb receives cholinergic basal forebrain inputs as does the neocortex. With a focus on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), this review article provides an overview and discussion of the following findings: (1) the nAChRs-mediated regulation of regional blood flow in the neocortex and olfactory bulb, (2) the nAChR subtypes that mediate their responses, and (3) their activity in old rats. The activation of the α4β2-like subtype of nAChRs produces vasodilation in the neocortex, and potentiates olfactory bulb vasodilation induced by olfactory stimulation. The nAChR activity producing neocortical vasodilation was similarly maintained in 2-year-old rats as in adult rats, but was clearly reduced in 3-year-old rats. In contrast, nAChR activity in the olfactory bulb was reduced already in 2-year-old rats. Thus, age-related impairment of α4β2-like nAChR function may occur earlier in the olfactory bulb than in the neocortex. Given the findings, the vasodilation induced by α4β2-like nAChR activation may be beneficial for neuroprotection in the neocortex and the olfactory bulb.","PeriodicalId":16832,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10941616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140140411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Action of GABAB receptor on local network oscillation in somatosensory cortex of oral part: focusing on NMDA receptor. GABAB 受体对口腔部位躯体感觉皮层局部网络振荡的作用：聚焦 NMDA 受体。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00911-w

Hiroyuki Kanayama, Takashi Tominaga, Yoko Tominaga, Nobuo Kato, Hiroshi Yoshimura

{"title":"Action of GABAB receptor on local network oscillation in somatosensory cortex of oral part: focusing on NMDA receptor.","authors":"Hiroyuki Kanayama, Takashi Tominaga, Yoko Tominaga, Nobuo Kato, Hiroshi Yoshimura","doi":"10.1186/s12576-024-00911-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12576-024-00911-w","url":null,"abstract":"The balance of activity between glutamatergic and GABAergic networks is particularly important for oscillatory neural activities in the brain. Here, we investigated the roles of GABAB receptors in network oscillation in the oral somatosensory cortex (OSC), focusing on NMDA receptors. Neural oscillation at the frequency of 8-10 Hz was elicited in rat brain slices after caffeine application. Oscillations comprised a non-NMDA receptor-dependent initial phase and a later NMDA receptor-dependent oscillatory phase, with the oscillator located in the upper layer of the OSC. Baclofen was applied to investigate the actions of GABAB receptors. The later NMDA receptor-dependent oscillatory phase completely disappeared, but the initial phase did not. These results suggest that GABAB receptors mainly act on NMDA receptor, in which metabotropic actions of GABAB receptors may contribute to the attenuation of NMDA receptor activities. A regulatory system for network oscillation involving GABAB receptors may be present in the OSC.","PeriodicalId":16832,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10935845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140110490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alteration of serotonin release response in the central nucleus of the amygdala to noxious and non-noxious mechanical stimulation in a neuropathic pain model rat. 神经性疼痛模型大鼠杏仁核中枢核对有毒和无毒机械刺激的血清素释放反应的改变

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00910-x

Ryota Tokunaga, Hideshi Shibata, Mieko Kurosawa

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of the TGF-β1/Smad3-signaling pathway in gender differences in alcoholic liver fibrosis. TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路在酒精性肝纤维化性别差异中的作用机制

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00901-y

Xiaomin Hong, Sanqiang Li, Renli Luo, Mengli Yang, Junfei Wu, Shuning Chen, Siyu Zhu

{"title":"Mechanisms of the TGF-β1/Smad3-signaling pathway in gender differences in alcoholic liver fibrosis.","authors":"Xiaomin Hong, Sanqiang Li, Renli Luo, Mengli Yang, Junfei Wu, Shuning Chen, Siyu Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s12576-024-00901-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12576-024-00901-y","url":null,"abstract":"The TGF-β1/Smad3-signaling pathway and gender differences were investigated in alcoholic liver fibrosis. Mice were divided into female normal, female model, male normal, and male model groups. Liver injury and fibrosis were assessed using histopathology and serology. Western blotting was performed to analyze the expression of relevant factors. HSC-T6 cells were divided into estradiol + saline, estradiol + ethanol, testosterone + saline, and testosterone + ethanol groups, and similar assessments were conducted in vitro. Compared with the female model group, the male model group exhibited significantly increased GPT, GOT, TNF-α, IL-6, and testosterone levels, fibrosis rate, and TGF-β1, Smad3, and PCNA expression, and significantly decreased estradiol levels and Caspase-3 expression. The apoptosis rate was higher in the estradiol + ethanol group than in the testosterone + ethanol group, although the testosterone + ethanol group exhibited significantly increased TNF-α, IL-6, Collagen-I, α-SMA, TGF-β1, Smad3, and PCNA expression, and significantly decreased Caspase-3 expression. Alcoholic liver fibrosis showed significant gender differences associated with the TGF-β1/Smad3-signaling pathway.","PeriodicalId":16832,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10898046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139972269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strength training improves heart function, collagen and strength in rats with heart failure. 力量训练可改善心力衰竭大鼠的心脏功能、胶原蛋白和力量。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00899-3

Leisiane G Dias, Carlos H O Reis, Leonardo Dos Santos, Walter Krause Neto, Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo, Julien S Baker, André S Leopoldo, Danilo S Bocalini

{"title":"Strength training improves heart function, collagen and strength in rats with heart failure.","authors":"Leisiane G Dias, Carlos H O Reis, Leonardo Dos Santos, Walter Krause Neto, Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo, Julien S Baker, André S Leopoldo, Danilo S Bocalini","doi":"10.1186/s12576-024-00899-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12576-024-00899-3","url":null,"abstract":"Background/objectives: Myocardial infarction (MI) frequently leads to cardiac remodeling and failure with impaired life quality, playing an important role in cardiovascular deaths. Although physical exercise is a well-recognized effective non-pharmacological therapy for cardiovascular diseases, the effects of strength training (ST) on the structural and functional aspects of cardiac remodeling need to be further documented. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of a linear block ST protocol in the rat model of MI.Methods and results: After 6 weeks of MI induction or sham surgery, male adult rats performed ST for the following 12 weeks. The ladder-based ST program was organized in three mesocycles of 4 weeks, with one load increment for each block according to the maximal carrying load test. After 12 weeks, the infarcted-trained rats exhibited an increase in performance, associated with reduced cardiac hypertrophy and pulmonary congestion compared with the untrained group. Despite not changing MI size, the ST program partially prevented cardiac dilatation and ventricular dysfunction assessed by echocardiography and hemodynamics, and interstitial fibrosis evaluated by histology. In addition, isolated cardiac muscles from infarcted-trained rats had improved contractility parameters in a steady state, and in response to calcium or stimuli pauses.Conclusions: The ST in infarcted rats increased the capacity to carry mass, associated with attenuation of cardiac remodeling and pulmonary congestion with improving cardiac function that could be attributed, at least in part, to the improvement of myocardial contractility.","PeriodicalId":16832,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10873996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139746813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of GPR81-cAMP-PKA pathway in endurance training-induced intramuscular triglyceride accumulation and mitochondrial content changes in rats. GPR81-cAMP-PKA 通路在耐力训练诱导的大鼠肌肉甘油三酯积累和线粒体含量变化中的作用

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00902-x

Lin Li, Xiangdeng Lai, Yihan Ni, Siyu Chen, Yaqian Qu, Zhiqiang Hu, Jingquan Sun

{"title":"The role of GPR81-cAMP-PKA pathway in endurance training-induced intramuscular triglyceride accumulation and mitochondrial content changes in rats.","authors":"Lin Li, Xiangdeng Lai, Yihan Ni, Siyu Chen, Yaqian Qu, Zhiqiang Hu, Jingquan Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12576-024-00902-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12576-024-00902-x","url":null,"abstract":"The athlete's paradox phenomenon involves the accumulation of intramuscular triglycerides (IMTG) in both insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive endurance athletes. Nevertheless, a complete understanding of this phenomenon is yet to be achieved. Recent research indicates that lactate, a common byproduct of physical activity, may increase the accumulation of IMTG in skeletal muscle. This is achieved through the activation of G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81) leads to the suppression of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A (cAMP-PKA) pathway. The mechanism accountable for the increase in mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle triggered by lactate remains incomprehensible. Based on current research, our objective is to explore the role of the GPR81-inhibited cAMP-PKA pathway in the aggregation of IMTG and the increase in mitochondrial content as a result of prolonged exercise. The GPR81-cAMP-PKA-signaling pathway regulates the buildup of IMTG caused by extended periods of endurance training (ET). This is likely due to a decrease in proteins related to fat breakdown and an increase in proteins responsible for fat production. It is possible that the GPR81-cAMP-PKA pathway does not contribute to the long-term increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and content, which is induced by chronic ET. Additional investigation is required to explore the possible hindrance of the mitochondrial biogenesis and content process during physical activity by the GPR81-cAMP-PKA signal.","PeriodicalId":16832,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139707050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal gradient ring for analysis of temperature-dependent behaviors involving TRP channels in mice. 用于分析涉及小鼠 TRP 通道的温度依赖性行为的热梯度环。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00903-w

Tomoyo Ujisawa, Jing Lei, Makiko Kashio, Makoto Tominaga

{"title":"Thermal gradient ring for analysis of temperature-dependent behaviors involving TRP channels in mice.","authors":"Tomoyo Ujisawa, Jing Lei, Makiko Kashio, Makoto Tominaga","doi":"10.1186/s12576-024-00903-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12576-024-00903-w","url":null,"abstract":"There are a lot of temperature-sensitive proteins including transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Some TRP channels are temperature receptors having specific activation temperatures in vitro that are within the physiological temperature range. Mice deficient in specific TRP channels show abnormal thermal behaviors, but the role of TRP channels in these behaviors is not fully understood. The Thermal Gradient Ring is a new apparatus that allows mice to freely move around the ring floor and not stay in a corner. The system can analyze various factors (e.g., 'Spent time', 'Travel distance', 'Moving speed', 'Acceleration') associated with temperature-dependent behaviors of TRP-deficient mice. For example, the Ring system clearly discriminated differences in temperature-dependent phenotypes between mice with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and TRPV1-/- mice, and demonstrated the importance of TRPV3 in temperature detection in skin. Studies using the Thermal Gradient Ring system can increase understanding of the molecular basis of thermal behaviors in mice and in turn help develop strategies to affect responses to different temperature conditions in humans.","PeriodicalId":16832,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139707051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of folic acid supplementation on ischemia‒reperfusion-induced kidney injury in rats: folic acid prophylactic role revisited. 补充叶酸对缺血再灌注诱导的大鼠肾损伤的影响：叶酸的预防作用再探。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Physiological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00900-z

Aya E H Hamed, Sherif Khedr, Elsayed Ghonamy, Faten A Mahmoud, Mona A Ahmed

{"title":"Impact of folic acid supplementation on ischemia‒reperfusion-induced kidney injury in rats: folic acid prophylactic role revisited.","authors":"Aya E H Hamed, Sherif Khedr, Elsayed Ghonamy, Faten A Mahmoud, Mona A Ahmed","doi":"10.1186/s12576-024-00900-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12576-024-00900-z","url":null,"abstract":"Folic acid (FA), with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, may offer protection against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. This study investigated whether FA safeguards rat kidneys from IR by targeting high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), a key inflammatory mediator. Fifty adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups: control, IR, IR + FA pretreatment, and FA alone. Compared to controls, IR significantly impaired renal function and elevated levels of malondialdehyde, HMGB1, NF-κB, and caspase 3. FA pretreatment effectively reversed these detrimental changes, protecting renal function and minimizing tissue damage. The FA-alone group showed no significant differences compared to the control group, indicating no adverse effects of FA treatment. Mechanistically, FA inhibited HMGB1 expression and its downstream activation of NF-κB and caspase 3, thereby quelling inflammation and cell death. FA shields rat kidneys from IR-induced injury by suppressing HMGB1-mediated inflammation and apoptosis, suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue for IR-associated kidney damage.","PeriodicalId":16832,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10848562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139702769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0