Journal of physical activity & health最新文献

{"title":"Muscle Strength and Later Incident Dementia and Related Mortality: The Cooper Center Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Yuzi Zhang, Laura F DeFina, David Leonard, Baojiang Chen, Emily T Hébert, Carolyn E Barlow, Andjelka Pavlovic, Harold W Kohl","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between muscle strength, incident dementia, and dementia-related mortality among community-dwelling adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 7755 participants (20-90 y) participating in the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study (1980-1990) and enrolled in Medicare between 1999 and 2019. Upper and lower body strength was measured with 1-repetition isotonic maximum bench and leg press. Relative muscle strength was computed relative to body weight and categorized into tertiles based on previously established age and sex normative data. Earliest indication of dementia and dementia-related mortality were determined with Medicare Administrative Claims Data and the National Death Index. The associations of muscle strength with incident dementia and dementia-related mortality were determined using an illness-death model with random frailty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were predominantly White (97%) and male (86%), with an average age of 44 years at baseline. The mean duration between baseline muscle strength assessment and Medicare surveillance was 23 years. The incidence of all-cause dementia was 18.2 per 1000 person-years. Individuals in the medium tertile of lower body strength had reduced hazard of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.98) relative to the low tertile, controlling for cardiovascular risk factors. Yet, the association was marginally significant (hazard ratio = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.73-1.0) when further controlled for cardiorespiratory fitness. There were no associations between body strength and dementia-related mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No associations of upper and lower body muscle strength with the risk of dementia and related mortality were observed after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and cardiorespiratory fitness.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of the 24-Hour Movement Paradigm in People Diagnosed With Cancer: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Sue L Smith, Laura Brocklebank, Fiona Kennedy, Mark Hamer, Abi Fisher","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The 24-hour movement (physical activity-sedentary behavior-sleep) paradigm can promote an ability-focused approach to changing movement behaviors in people diagnosed with cancer. This scoping review aimed to explore how the 24-hour movement paradigm has been applied in people diagnosed with cancer, examining behavior measurement methods and associations between 24-hour movement behaviors and health variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted on the August 8, 2024. MEDLINE, Embase, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health were searched. There were 5 steps: identifying the research question; identifying studies; study selection; charting the data; collating, summarizing, and reporting results. Study design, sample demographics, movement behavior measurement, analytical approach, and study outcomes were extracted. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 88 records identified, 7 studies met inclusion criteria. All studies were cross-sectional with movement behaviors as the exposures. One study was conducted in children. Four studies used device-based measures for all behaviors, 2 used device-based measures of daytime behaviors with self-reported sleep, and 1 study used self-report for all behaviors. All studies used isotemporal substitution modeling. One study applied a compositional data approach. Outcomes included anthropometrics, quality of life, cognitive function, and bone health. Reallocating time into moderate to vigorous physical activity was associated with the most consistent health benefits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Limited studies have applied the 24-hour movement paradigm in this population. Most used devices for measurement. While current evidence is constrained by cross-sectional designs and limited generalizability, results support the positive impact of reallocating time from other behaviors into physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145080603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Data, New Perspectives: Launch of the Third Set of GoPA! and the First Set of GoPE! Country Cards.","authors":"Andrea Ramírez Varela, João Martins, Michael Pratt, Juliana Mejía-Grueso, Rafael Cristão, Marcos Onofre, Pedro C Hallal","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0594","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population-Wide mHealth Interventions Promoting Healthy Movement Behaviors: Systematic Review of the Real-World Evidence.","authors":"Sarah Edney, Jacqueline L Mair, Thitikorn Topothai, Xin Hui Chua, Wan Xin Esther Na, Falk Müller-Riemenschneider","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0151","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mobile health (mHealth) interventions offer scalable opportunities to promote healthy movement behaviors, but their real-world effectiveness and implementation remain unclear. This review aims to evaluate scaled-up mHealth interventions targeting physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep at a population level and in real-world settings using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic searches were conducted across 5 databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO). Studies were included if they targeted an entire population or population group, used mHealth, promoted at least one movement behavior, and reported RE-AIM-related outcomes (RE-AIM) either implicitly or explicitly. Study and intervention characteristics alongside RE-AIM-related indicators were extracted and synthesized narratively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 9385 records, 43 studies reporting on 24 interventions were included. All were nonrandomized studies and targeted physical activity, with 21.0% also addressing sedentary behavior and 4.8% including sleep. Median reporting across RE-AIM indicators was 6.5 out of 14, with Reach most commonly reported (3 out of 4 indicators), followed by Implementation (2 out of 4), Maintenance (1 out of 2), Effectiveness (1 out of 2), and Adoption (0 out of 2). Representativeness was often assessed by age and sex, but rarely by socioeconomic status or ethnicity. Most interventions had positive effects on movement behavior, and 9.5% assessed cost-effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While mHealth interventions show promise for promoting movement behaviors, gaps in evaluation and reporting persist, limiting our understanding of their real-world impact. Future research should prioritize rigorous evaluations and comprehensive reporting to strengthen the case for scalable, sustainable mHealth interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1218-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Physical Activity Intensity Matter? Longitudinal Evidence From a 5-Wave National Chinese Cohort on Chronic Disease Prevalence.","authors":"Qiang Wang, Mingda Wang, Xing Zhang, Xueshi Wang","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As China's population ages, chronic noncommunicable diseases have become increasingly prevalent. While physical activity (PA) is known to reduce disease risk, the role of intensity-light, moderate, or vigorous-remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using 5 waves (2011-2020) of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data (N = 54,300), this study examined associations between PA intensity and the prevalence of 13 chronic diseases. Physical activity was self-reported and categorized by intensity; disease outcomes were also self-reported. Generalized estimating equations were applied to control for demographic and behavioral covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vigorous PA was associated with lower odds of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, mental disorders, and asthma but was associated with higher odds of arthritis, digestive, kidney, and liver diseases. Moderate PA reduced the risk of hypertension and stroke, while light PA was positively associated with several chronic conditions, possibly reflecting reverse causality. Several associations changed direction after covariate adjustment, underscoring the importance of multivariable modeling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, an intensity-dependent relationship was observed, with vigorous activity offering the most consistent benefits. These findings suggest that public health interventions should emphasize activity intensity to better tailor chronic disease prevention strategies in aging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Step to It: Exploring Longitudinal Associations Between Physical Activity and Cognition in Children.","authors":"Adrian McPherson, Jule Kunkel, Lisa Mackay, Nick Garrett, Scott Duncan, Campbell McPherson","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identifying the relationships among physical activity (PA), cognition, and academic performance in children is important for targeted public health and education initiatives. However, most of the research has been cross-sectional in nature, and we have a limited understanding of how these associations change over time. Therefore, the aim of this study was to utilize longitudinal data to explore relationships among PA, cognition, and academic performance in elementary school children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were sourced from 675 New Zealand children aged 5-11 years. Weekday home, weekday school, and weekend PA was measured by pedometer step readings, cognition by 4 measures from the Central Nervous System Vital Signs assessment, and academic performance from the New Zealand Ministry of Education Assessment Tools for Teaching and Learning reading and math scores. Measures were taken at baseline and 2- and 6-month intervals. Data were analyzed for 632 students identified with data for at least half of the 27 variables. A generalized linear mixed model was used to investigate changes in PA, cognition, and academic performance over those 3 time periods while adjusting for gender, school, age, and socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant relationships were identified between PA and 3 of the cognitive domains. However, significant, positive relationships were observed between PA change at 2 months and (1) composite memory change at 6 months, (2) math proficiency change at 2 months, and (3) math proficiency change at 6 months. Regression coefficients suggest that a child who doubles step count-a 100% increase in PA-is associated with a 3.7% improvement in math proficiency after 2 months and 2.6% and 4.7% in math proficiency and composite memory (respectively) after 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This 6-month longitudinal analysis identified that an increase in PA led to small but significant improvements in composite memory and math proficiency. This supports the theory that increase in PA leads to cognitive benefits. The small associations suggest that substantial improvements in PA would be required to generate meaningful improvements in cognition and academic achievement. However, timeframes longer than 6 months are recommended to identify long-term changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Intensity Inequality Index for Physical Activity: A New Metric for Integrative Analysis of Movement.","authors":"Huw Summers, Nils Swindell, Chelsea Starbuck, Gareth Stratton","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0127","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wearable sensors recording acceleration provide a powerful tool for analysis of physical activity (PA). Continuous, high-rate data acquisition over extended periods gives highly resolved measurement of movement intensity. While increased complexity of PA analytics allows for deeper insight, it brings a challenge to statistical testing, where commonly used approaches require a single defining metric for PA per participant.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We adapt an econometric measure to obtain a statistical test metric for movement intensity-the intensity inequality index, I≠. This is a \"Gini coefficient for movement\" that quantifies the inequality in distribution of time spent across a range of activity intensity values. The I≠ metric is calculated using a graphical method on plots of cumulative time versus cumulative intensity level. Hypothesis testing of I≠ is performed on 24-hour activity traces of 58 children, aged 7-11 years, to assess statistical differences in PA between typically developing children and those suspected of having developmental coordination disorder.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The I≠ test metric provided high statistical confidence with low sample numbers: P < .05 for n ≥ 30. When differentiating between groups, I≠ halved the sample size required for a statistical power of 80% at α = .05, in comparison to the alternative metrics of intensity gradient or log ratio of minutes at low and moderate to high intensity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The inequality index provides a metric that is based on the accumulated time-counts across an activity intensity distribution. This integrative description of the distribution makes it a powerful statistical metric for PA.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1322-1331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep in Sexual and Gender Minority Adults: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Megan H Ross, Michalis Stylianou, Joshua Simmich, Stephanie Duncombe, Kathryn Fortnum, Francisco Perales, Sjaan Gomersall","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2024-0659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual and gender minority adults experience health inequities, including poorer health and reduced participation in health-promoting behaviors. This systematic review aims to (1) examine adherence to physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep guidelines within these communities and (2) compare participation and guideline attainment with cisgender and heterosexual adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies published before January 2024 were included if they reported physical activity, sedentary behavior, and/or sleep outcomes for gender and/or sexual minority adults. Proportional meta-analyses were performed using random effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-five studies were included; 79% were rated \"fair\" quality. Most studies were cross-sectional (76%), conducted in North America (76%), and focused on sexual orientation (80%) and physical activity (77%). Sexual minority women had higher odds of meeting aerobic physical activity guidelines compared with heterosexual women (odd ratios 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37), with no significant differences identified between sexual minority and heterosexual men (1.03; 0.86-1.23). Gender minority adults had lower odds of participating in aerobic physical activity compared with cisgender adults (0.63; 0.45-0.88). Sexual minority women, but not men, had lower odds of meeting sleep guidelines than their heterosexual counterparts (0.85; 0.74-0.97). Sedentary behavior data were limited, with no differences detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Movement behaviors varied within sexual and gender minority groups, highlighting the limitation of considering the \"LGBTQIA+ community\" a homogenous cohort. Tailored approaches for improving movement behaviors are warranted, particularly for gender minority adults. Further research is needed for sedentary behavior, sleep, and more nuanced categorizations of gender and sexuality using representative samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midlife Physical Activity, Disease Symptoms, and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach.","authors":"Elisabeth DeMarco, Jac Lindish, Elissa Held-Bradford, Jason K Longhurst","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0583","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While higher levels of physical activity (PA) during midlife are associated with lower risk and later onset of Parkinson's disease (PD), it is not understood how PA is related to PD symptoms and quality of life (QOL). The purpose of this study was to determine the direct and indirect effects of midlife PA on PD-related QOL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the Fox Insight Study (n = 38,321) and included demographics, weekly hours of midlife PA (ages 36-55), neurobehavioral symptoms, nonmotor somatic symptoms, motor activities of daily living, and PD-related QOL. Structural equation modeling was conducted on those with complete data (n = 1765) to determine direct and indirect relationships of midlife PA to PD-related QOL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Older age, greater proportion of males, and fewer comorbidities were found in the higher PA groups. The final model included paths from midlife PA to PD-related QOL directly and through 3 moderating variables (neurobehavioral symptoms, motor activities of daily living, and nonmotor somatic symptoms), resulting in a total standardized effect of PA on QOL of β = -0.036. Effects varied in directionality and strength. The standardized effect of neurobehavioral symptoms on QOL (β = 0.904) was more than double that of motor activities of daily living (β = 0.41). The final model explained 80% of variance in PD-related QOL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher levels of midlife PA were associated with reduced neurobehavioral burden, suggesting premorbid PA may be critical to lessening the burden of mood and cognitive symptoms, which are known contributors to deterioration in QOL.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity in Suicide Prevention: Beyond the Potential, There Is a Need for Nuanced Implementation and Research.","authors":"Caleb Robinson-Ethier, Brendon Stubbs, Nicholas Fabiano","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}