Journal of physical activity & health最新文献

{"title":"Sleep Matters: Sleep as a Buffer of Intersectional Identity-Linked Mental Health Among 52,880 South Korean Adolescents.","authors":"Heejun Lim, Eun-Young Lee","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2026-0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescent mental health is shaped by multiple factors. This study examined the association between intersectional identity based on gender and family-socioeconomic status (SES) and mental health and whether this association differs by the function of health behaviors (ie, physical activity, screen time, and sleep) among Korean adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nationally representative, cross-sectional, self-reported data from the 2023 Korea Youth Behavior Web-Based Survey (N = 52,880, 12-18 y) were used. Intersectional identity included gender and family SES. Mental health factors included stress, depressive symptoms, and loneliness. Health behaviors included physical activity, recreational screen time, and sleep. Covariates were age, academic performance, and parental educational attainment. Decision tree models, logistic regressions, and moderation analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with boys, more girls reported high stress (31% vs 44%), depressive symptoms (21% vs 31%), and loneliness (49% vs 63%). A statistically significant interaction between gender × family SES was observed only for loneliness, with girls with low-family-SES reporting the highest likelihood (odds ratio [OR] = 3.60; 95% CI, 3.28-3.95). Physical activity and sleep moderated the association between intersectional identity and loneliness, with sleep showing more salient results. Specifically, not meeting the sleep recommendation was associated with greater loneliness, especially for more marginalized identity groups in a linear manner (boys × mid-family-SES: OR = 1.65; boys × low-family-SES: OR = 2.75; girls × high-family-SES: OR = 2.46; girls × mid-family-SES: OR = 3.01; and girls × low-family-SES: OR = 5.24).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Meeting sleep recommendations may buffer intersectionality-linked loneliness particularly for girls across SES levels and boys with mid-family-SES. Sleep-focused strategies may offer opportunities to address the adolescent loneliness epidemic in Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Extreme Behaviors of Physical Activity Measured With Accelerometer-A Predictive Machine Learning Approach.","authors":"Susanne Jauhiainen, Visa Nykänen, Sami Äyrämö, Henri Vähä-Ypyä, Kari Tokola, Pauliina Husu, Riikka Paloniemi, Petri Tapio, Ira Ahokas, Sami Kokko, Maija Tiitu, Harri Sievänen, Tommi Vasankari","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study applied a robust predictive machine learning framework to a comprehensive set of individual background data to detect variables that are predictive of extremely low and high amounts of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The main aim was to detect predictive variables, and as a secondary aim, the model accuracy was also assessed. Additionally, the analysis framework is presented for further use in physical activity research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Comprehensive data on health, physical functioning, education, work, and the living environment, represented by 130 variables, from 1536 participants aged from 20 to 69 years were used for analysis. The 2.5th and 97.5th quantiles of MVPA were chosen to represent the extreme physical behaviors in the population. Random forest classifiers were trained separately to predict the low and high MVPA groups. Results were confirmed and predictive variables detected with permutation tests and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Bonferroni-corrected for P < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine significant predictors were found for the extremely low MVPA and 6 for the extremely high MVPA. These variables were related to the individual's mobility function, living environment, and occupation. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.73 and 0.59 for the participants with extremely low and high amounts of MVPA, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Several significant predictive variables for extremely low and high MVPA were discovered that may help characterize factors associated with PA behavior at the population level. However, it is not possible to accurately identify physically highly inactive or highly active individuals only from comprehensive background data.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise Interventions for Adults With Chronic Conditions Living in Rural Areas-A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sam Beacroft, Riley C C Brown, Ronald C Plotnikoff, Nicola W Burton, Alexis Hure, Emily R Cox","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2026-0313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise is essential for chronic disease management, but intervention implementation in rural populations remains unclear. This review aimed to synthesize the characteristics and impact of exercise interventions delivered to adults living with chronic conditions in rural areas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, Scopus, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) were searched from inception to September 2025 for interventional studies evaluating exercise training interventions of ≥2 weeks among adults with chronic conditions living in rural areas across all countries. Data were extracted on study characteristics, exercise prescription, delivery methods, engagement strategies, and effectiveness outcomes related to physical activity and physical function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven studies (n = 2846 participants; 13 randomized controlled trials [RCT], 14 non-RCT) were included. The most common condition groups were musculoskeletal, cancer (acute or survivorship), respiratory, and metabolic/endocrine. Interventions were predominantly supervised and delivered in person (37%) or via telehealth (33%), most often by exercise professionals (37%). Combined aerobic and resistance (48%), aerobic only (22%), and resistance only (15%) training were commonly prescribed. Most studies prescribed 2 to 3 weekly sessions (57%), lasting 30 to 60 minutes (67%). Rural adaptations included telehealth delivery, upskilling nonexercise professionals, minimal or no equipment use, and delivery in existing healthcare settings. Evidence for intervention effectiveness was mixed; positive effects were observed for physical function outcomes (2 RCT and 5 non-RCT), while evidence for improvements in physical activity behavior (4 RCT and 1 non-RCT) and aerobic fitness (2 RCT and 6 non-RCT) were inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interventions were generally supervised and incorporated rural adaptations. While physical function outcomes showed promising improvements, evidence for increasing physical activity and aerobic fitness remains inconclusive.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in US Youth With Neighborhood Built Environment Supports for Physical Activity by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2016-2017 to 2022-2023.","authors":"Graycie W Soto, Tiffany J Chen, Jasmine Y Nakayama, Geoffrey P Whitfield","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0197","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neighborhood built environments (BE) can influence youth physical activity levels. There are no published national surveillance reports of changes of such BE attributes over time. This study aims to describe the prevalence of 4 types of neighborhood BE supports for youth physical activity and report changes over time from 2016-2017 to 2022-2023, overall and by sociodemographic subgroups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using adult proxy-reported data from the National Survey of Children's Health, we estimated prevalence with 95% confidence intervals of neighborhood sidewalks or walking paths, parks/playgrounds, libraries, and recreation centers among youth aged 6-17 years across 2016-2017, 2018-2019, 2020-2021, and 2022-2023 (n = 215,634), overall and by sociodemographic subgroups. For each neighborhood support, we presented the prevalence difference between 2016-2017 and 2022-2023 and tested for differences in magnitude of change between subgroups. We also tested linear and quadratic trends across all 4 timepoints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2016-2017 to 2022-2023, the proportion of US youth with neighborhood sidewalks/walking paths or parks/playgrounds increased, while the proportion who have neighborhood libraries or recreation centers decreased. Changes over time were not consistent across sociodemographic subgroups. For example, increases in sidewalks and parks/playgrounds only occurred among high-income youth, whereas decreases in libraries and recreation centers only occurred among low-income youth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results provide important surveillance information on neighborhood BE supports for youth physical activity among various US sociodemographic groups, which can be used to prioritize policy and environmental interventions where needed most.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13599444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Activity-Oriented Zoning With Population-Level Measures of Walk and Bike Trips From Mobility Data.","authors":"Julien Leider, Karin Valentine Goins, Stephenie C Lemon, Jamie F Chriqui","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2026-0241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The built environment can play an important role in encouraging physical activity (PA). In the United States, zoning policies are a primary lever by which jurisdictions can create built environments that are more conducive to PA. While several studies have shown associations between activity-oriented zoning and PA, they have all relied on self-reported PA data. This cross-sectional study examined associations between activity-oriented zoning and objective measures of walking and biking trips from StreetLight Data, Inc, derived from mobile device location-based services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>County-aggregated, population-weighted data on exposure to code reform and transit-oriented development zoning and 8 specific activity-oriented zoning provisions (sidewalks, crosswalks, bike-pedestrian connectivity, street connectivity, bike lanes, bike parking, bike-pedestrian trails/paths, and mixed use) as of 2010 were linked to 2019 data on walking and biking trips per 1000 county residents for 154 counties in 35 states and D.C. Multivariable linear regression models were computed with robust standard errors to analyze associations between each of the zoning measures and walking and biking trips, controlling for county-level characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Having 100% (vs 0%) of the county population exposed to transit-oriented development zoning was associated with 145 more average daily walking trips per 1000 county residents. Exposure to zoning provisions for crosswalks, bike-pedestrian connectivity, street connectivity, bike lanes, bike parking, bike-pedestrian trails/paths, mixed use, and transit-oriented development were associated with 15 to 27 more biking trips per 1000 county residents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results highlight the potential role of zoning in providing greater opportunities for people to meet PA recommendations by creating opportunities for walking and biking.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural-Urban Differences in Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Among US Adults: Findings From the REGARDS Study.","authors":"Michael J Hankes, Erin E Dooley, Virginia J Howard, Stephen Clarkson, Harshvardhan Singh, Fitzgerald T Dodds, McKenna Tharpe-Carter, Silvienne C Sint Jago, Tyler Bagley, Suzanne E Judd, Raymond Jones","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0046","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous studies show rural populations face elevated chronic disease risk and barriers to physical activity (PA). We examined how PA varies across rurality using the Rural Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) 4-category system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Accelerometer data from Black participants and White participants in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke cohort study were analyzed across RUCA classification: isolated, small rural, large rural, and urban. PA was categorized into 3 intensities based on counts per minute (CPM): sedentary behavior (SB, <50 CPM), light-intensity physical activity (LIPA, 50-1064 CPM), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (≥1065 CPM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data were from 7317 participants (age 63.5 [8.5] y, 46% men, 32% Black, 79% urban). Urban participants engaged in the most SB (690.6 [117.6] min/d) and the least LIPA (187.5 [78.1] min/d). Rural residents engaged in significantly more LIPA and less SB than urban residents in fully adjusted models. Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity was low across RUCA groups (mean 13.1 [17.6] min/d). A significant interaction was observed between education and RUCA category for LIPA (P = .03). Individuals in small rural areas with less than a high school education engaged in 46.7 more minutes per day of LIPA than urban residents with a college education (P = .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity was low across RUCA categories with rural-urban differences in PA driven by LIPA and SB. Educational attainment modified the association between rurality and LIPA, suggesting education may play a role in rural-urban differences in PA. Shared barriers contributing to low moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity need further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13580211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reclaiming Public Parks and Public Health: Community-Led Safe Passages and Physical Activity in South Los Angeles, California.","authors":"Jason A Douglas, Shutong Huo, Juan Carlos Ruiz Malagon, Valeria Delgado, Melissa Ramos, Ben Taco Owens, Kevin Twin Orange","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2026-0178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Safe passage interventions aim to enhance public safety and improve access to community resources, including public parks, in underserved communities. However, no studies have directly compared community- and police-led safety interventions with respect to park-based moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). To address this gap, we compared associations between Community-led Safe Passage Services (SPS) and the Los Angeles Police Department Community Safety Partnership (CSP) program with MVPA in South Los Angeles public parks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted structured observations of 3997 park users across 8 SPS and 9 CSP parks in South Los Angeles using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities and the Physical Activity Resource Assessment. We applied t tests, analysis of variance, and hierarchical linear models to examine MVPA across park intervention types.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, MVPA was higher in SPS parks (P < .001). Black, male, teen, and adult park users exhibited significantly higher MVPA in SPS parks (P < .001). A hierarchical linear model controlling for sex, age, race, and park conditions indicated that Black park users were significantly less physically active in CSP parks (P = .05). Conversely, Black park users had significantly higher MVPA in SPS parks (P = .034). Intervention type was a stronger predictor of MVPA than park features and amenities, whereas incivilities were negatively associated with MVPA (P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Community-led safety interventions may promote physical activity among Black park users. These findings suggest that community-led public park safety models are a promising approach for advancing health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recruiting Older Adults Into a Community-Based Research Study in Northern Ireland: Strategies, Rates, and Timescales.","authors":"Conor Cunningham, Michael Adams, Maeve O'Doherty, Heather Spence, Ruth D Neill, Malcolm Brown, Chris Callaghan, Ellen Elizabeth A Simpson, Margaret E Cupples, Suzanne M McDonough, Roger O'Sullivan, Wendy Hardeman, Marie H Murphy, Mark A Tully","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recruiting older adults to public health interventions is challenging, and underrepresentation can have important consequences for research outcomes and scalability. This paper reports the process of recruiting participants and the effectiveness of strategies employed in the \"Walk with Me\" study, a physical activity intervention targeting older adults in areas of socioeconomic disadvantage in Northern Ireland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-eight community organizations and 10 general practices located in areas of socioeconomic disadvantage were involved in recruiting activity over an 18-month period. Recruitment methods included letters from general practices and the distribution of study information through local community organizations. Demographic information about participants and how they heard about the study were collected as part of baseline data collection for the trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 364 participants recruited, information on recruitment source was available from 355 (124 males, 230 females, and 1 who did not identify as either male or female). Of these, 328 (92.4%) self-reported that they were recruited via a letter from their general practitioner, and 27 (7.6%) reported being recruited from other sources. Postintervention focus groups with 30 participants identified their reasons for participating included a perception that their general practitioner had selected them personally, it provided an opportunity for a health check as access to a general practitioner can be difficult, and they were encouraged to participate by family members.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Recruitment to community-based interventions requires partnerships with general practices to ensure successful completion. Findings provide insight into the recruitment of older adults in a community-based physical activity intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Sedentary Time as a Moderator in the Relationship Between COVID-19 Symptom Burden and Mental Health Outcomes in 4 African Countries.","authors":"Leapetswe Malete, Chelsi Ricketts, Vida Korleki Nyawornota, Emily Hayashi, Reginald Ocansey, Dale Joachim, Rosemary C Muomah, Joyce Ndabi, Dawn Tladi, JohnBosco C Chukwuorji, Clement Adamba, Omphile Hubona, Sampson K Nwonyi, Doris A Tay, Samuel K Donkor, Oscar C Nyanyofio, Aarushi Lokhande, Noel Mann","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2025-0511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2025-0511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical inactivity and mental distress were prevalent across African populations during COVID-19. However, limited research has explored the role of sedentary time in shaping mental health outcomes during the pandemic. In this study, sedentary time during COVID-19 and its moderating role in the relationship between COVID-19 symptom burden and mental health outcomes were examined in Botswana, Ghana, Nigeria, and Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data (April 2020 to November 2022) from 3125 adults (male = 52.3%, Mage = 27.05, SD = 8.91) were analyzed. Participants completed self-report measures of COVID-19 symptoms (eg, persistent cough and unusual fatigue), physical activity and sedentary time (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form), as well as anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7) and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median sedentary time per day was lower in Nigeria (median = 120, interquartile range = 150) and Tanzania (median = 120, interquartile range = 180) than in Botswana and Ghana (median = 180, interquartile range = 180). Overall, sedentary time moderated the positive relationship between COVID-19 symptom burden and depressive symptoms (B = 0.60, P = .012), with stronger associations at higher sitting time (simple slope: B = 2.27, P < .001). At the country level, this moderating effect was observed only in Ghana (B = 1.38, P < .001; simple slope: B = 2.40, P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight cross-country variation in sedentary time during the pandemic and suggest that greater sedentary time exacerbated the relationship between COVID-19 symptom burden and depressive symptoms, particularly in Ghana. Context-specific factors and differing pandemic responses may help explain these country-level differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Life-Course Trajectories of Physical Activity Track With Cognitive Decline.","authors":"Francesca R Marino, Huitong Ding, Honghuang Lin, Rhoda Au, Phillip H Hwang","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0133","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2026-0133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity (PA) may help to delay or possibly prevent cognitive decline and dementia. However, few studies have adopted a life-course approach to prospectively examine repeated measures of PA in relation to cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Framingham Heart Study Offspring and Omni 1 participants without prevalent dementia who had ≥3 self-reported PA measures and ≥2 cognitive domain factor score measures were included (n = 2229). Memory, executive function, and language factor scores were previously derived using bifactor confirmatory factor analysis models. Group-based multitrajectory models characterized PA patterns over the adult life-course (ages 17-96 y). Linear mixed-effects models estimated annual changes in cognitive domain factor scores across PA trajectory groups over the same time period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 4 PA trajectories: (1) stabilizers: decline from early adulthood through midlife and then stable after age 50 (n = 176), (2) decliners: constant decline over adulthood (n = 526), (3) reversers: increase from early adulthood through midlife and then decline after age 70 (n = 1145), and (4) plummeters: slow decline from early adulthood through midlife and then sharp decline after age 75 (n = 382; reference). Compared with the reference group, stabilizers had 0.012 SD/year (95% CI, 0.004-0.02) slower memory decline, 0.012 SD/year (95% CI, 0.005-0.02) slower executive function decline, and 0.015 SD/year (95% CI, 0.007-0.02) slower language decline. Decliners had slower cognitive decline across all domains, and reversers had slower language decline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that sustaining PA in mid-to-late life and preventing later life declines may help mitigate cognitive decline with aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}