Journal of physical activity & health最新文献

{"title":"Qualitative Elicitation of Physical Activity Salient Beliefs Among Turkish Adolescent Girls.","authors":"Günay Yıldızer, Gonca Eren, Ahmet Sinan Türkyılmaz, Chung Gun Lee","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2023-0657","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2023-0657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate salient beliefs toward physical activity by gathering qualitative data through open-ended questions among high school-aged female adolescents in Turkey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 259 Turkish high school students, aged between 14 and 17, were randomly selected to participate in this study. Open-ended questions address 3 main components of the Theory of Planned Behavior, attitudes, perceived control, and social norms. Content analysis is employed to categorize the data according to themes, during the elicitation process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results were categorized as variables of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Positive attitude contributors included health expectations, emotions, fitness expectations, learning, and socialization, while negative attitude contributors encompassed adverse health outcomes and emotions. Second, perceived competence and efficacy emerged as positive contributors to perceived behavior control, whereas factors, such as time constraints, health-related barriers, fitness barriers, environmental and economic barriers, and perceived negative competence and efficacy were identified as negative influencers of perceived behavior control. Last, it was found that families, friends, and teachers played significant roles in shaping social norms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Offering attractive choices for physical activities while explaining the positive impact on both physical, and mental health, as well as physical fitness is important for positive attitudes. Providing positive experiences and emphasizing the aspects of physical activity that support academic productivity are important factors in supporting perceived behavioral control. Finally, advocating for environments that promote physical activity behaviors among peers and ensure comprehensive support from families and educators is valuable in terms of subjective norms to increase physical activity intentions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"373-386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum. Building Social Capital in University Students: A Physical Education Intervention Program.","authors":"","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0905","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0905","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Social Capital in University Students: A Physical Education Intervention Program.","authors":"Dario Novak, Tanja Petrušič, Marko Čule, Ivan Milinović, Jinseo Kim, Rockli Kim, S V Subramanian","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0258","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examines the effects of physical education on the social capital of university students, focusing on improving family, neighborhood, and academic relationships through group exercise.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Zagreb, Croatia, 976 participants aged 19-20 years participated in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention group (n = 472) engaged in teamwork exercises, and the control group (n = 504) completed individual exercises. The social capital measured in 6 areas was analyzed using linear regression and variance modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements in trust and collaboration within the university environment were found in the intervention group. Adjusted analyses showed positive correlations between the physical education intervention and increased trust between teachers and students (β = 0.118, P = .01), among students (β = 0.246, P = .01), and in total social capital (β = 0.617, P = .01). Residence in the parental home was associated with higher social capital. Notably, male and older students reported lower levels of trust and cooperation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Physical activity significantly improves the social capital of university students, suggesting the inclusion of group-based physical activities in higher education curricula to promote social inclusion and well-being. This underscores the importance of such interventions for educational policy and program development.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"270-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscale Audits of the Built Environment and the Challenges for Pedestrians in 4 Residential Areas in Oman.","authors":"Gustavo De Siqueira, Ruth Mabry, Huda Al Siyabi, Amal Al Siyabi, Iman Al Ofi","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0402","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ensuring a livable and healthy built environment that addresses challenges of climate change and the pandemic of noncommunicable diseases should include creating an environment support of physical activity. This study aims to build local evidence on improving the residential areas by assessing the built environment of 4 residential areas in Oman.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses the Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes-Mini, a 15-item tool with 4 subscales (destinations and land use, aesthetics, pedestrian infrastructure, and crossings/traffic safety), to conduct environmental audits of 4 areas in Barka and Nizwa, Oman. In each neighborhood, two 1-km long routes that crossed the diameter of the area, and passed by, or led to one or more group of amenities were selected. Each route was scored independently by 2 raters and showed good interrater agreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall score was poor walkability across the 4 neighborhoods (mean = 0.18; range: 0.14 and 0.20) where scores >0.80 are considered excellent for walkability. Aesthetics was the only subscale with a good quality score (0.64) compared with the others (pedestrian infrastructure: 0.19, crossings/traffic safety: 0.06, and destination and land use: 0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated the utility of the Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes-Mini tool for cities of the Gulf Cooperation Council. The low scores point to the urgent need to identify cost-effective adaptations of the built environment that could substantially increase physical activity outcomes of the population. Further regionally relevant research can help identify specific design elements needed for more walker friendly neighborhoods.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"387-392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequalities in Survival of US Olympians.","authors":"Elizabeta Ukolova, Lukáš Kahoun","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0282","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the disparities in length of live and age-specific probabilities of death of US Olympians by sex, performance level, and age at debut at the Olympics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We apply parametric models of mortality to estimate probabilities of death by age. The best performing model (Gompertz model) is then used to calculate life tables for subpopulations of Olympians. The life table functions are then used to decompose the differences in life expectancies by age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Olympians live longer than the general population but are a diverse population in terms of survival. Gender gap in survival is substantially smaller in Olympians than in general population. Medalists have a shorter lifespan than nonmedalists. Olympians debuting at extremely young ages (<22) have a survival disadvantage compared with Olympians debuting at older ages. The differences between general population and Olympians are widening in younger cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>US Olympians outlive the general population, but they constitute diverse group in terms of survival by sex, age at debut, and performance level. Studying and monitoring health disparities within the Olympic population is crucial for informing policies and regulations in sports organizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"355-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity Inequalities in Adolescents From Areas of Different Socioeconomic Status.","authors":"Áxel De León Marcos, Jesús Rivera Navarro, Luís Cereijo Tejedor, Manuel Franco Tejero","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0521","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding socioeconomic and gender inequalities in physical inactivity during adolescence is a relevant public health issue to promote health in adult life. The aim of this qualitative study is to identify the factors that determine physical activity inequalities in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected 2 educational centers in each of the 3 socioeconomic status areas-low, middle, and high-in the city of Madrid. We conducted a total of 18 semistructured interviews and 12 focus groups involving students, parents, teachers, and school principals. We followed the interpretative/constructivist paradigm within a case study design and grounded theory for the data analysis with the usage of ATLAS.ti 23 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results included 4 main themes: (1) access to off-school structured physical activities; (2) physical activity restrictions due to socioeconomic status; (3) unacknowledged privilege in upper socioeconomic status adolescents; and (4) gender physical activity inequalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Improving the health of adolescents and future adults through increased physical activity requires equity and gender perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"347-354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active Commuting in Brazil: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Proportions.","authors":"Lucas P Santos, Rafael A Azevedo, Indyanara C Ribeiro, Jhonnatan Santos, Amanda Iraha, Hamilton Roschel, Bruno Gualano","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0413","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Active commuting benefits both individual and planetary health. Estimating commuting behavior is desirable, although very challenging in large and regionally relevant nations like Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review (CRD42023431054) included observational studies that estimated prevalence of active commuting in Brazil for adults (≥18 y). We searched terms related to physical activity, commuting, prevalence estimates, and Brazilian geographical regions in 5 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus). For the quantitative synthesis, 2 categories were used based on the strictness of case definition: \"high-volume threshold\" (HIGH), considering \"active\" individuals with ≥150 minutes per week; and \"low-volume threshold\" (LOW), considering \"active\" individuals with ≥10 minutes per week of active commuting or self-reporting this behavior.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 37 studies included in the main model, totaling 52 individual prevalence estimates and 1,266,862 units. Prevalence estimates were: 17.4% (15.1%-19.9%) for HIGH and 44.2% (36.9%-51.5%) for LOW. Subgroup analysis revealed a prevalence of 20.5% (16.7%-24.9%) for men and 13.8% (10.2%-17.9%) for women using HIGH, and 43.4% (27.2%-60.4%) for men and 47.6% (32.1%-63.4%) for women using LOW categories. Most studies had high risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We herein provided a panorama of active commuting in Brazil. Standardized active commuting definitions and objective measures of commuting activity are lacking. Studies specific to some regions of Brazil were few or inexistent. Considering the global importance of Brazil, sheltering ecologically relevant biomes, we encourage new, high-quality studies assessing commuting and its potential impacts on individual and planetary health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"163-174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a Multicomponent Physical Activity Intervention for Teachers With or At Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The Support, Motivation, and Physical Activity Research for Teachers Health Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Ronald C Plotnikoff, Maria Murphy, Magdalena Wilczynska, Kerry S Courneya, Wendy J Brown, Ronald J Sigal, David R Lubans","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0195","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes is a major cause of illness and disability and physical activity reduces these risks. The SMART Health study aim was to compare the efficacy of a multicomponent intervention to promote aerobic physical activity and resistance training in schoolteachers at risk of or diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, with and without a technology-based behavior change package.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We randomized participants (N = 104) into 3 groups: \"wait-list\" control group, 5 face-to-face visits with a psychologist and exercise specialist (SH group), or 5 face-to-face visits over a 3-month period with a psychologist and exercise specialist, plus a technology-based behavior change package for an additional 6 months (SH+ group). Physical activity was the primary outcome (daily steps measured by pedometers). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma lipids, self-reported resistance training, anxiety and depression were also assessed at 3 and 9 months (primary time point). Linear mixed models were used to assess the intervention efficacy of SH and SH+ compared with wait-list control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant group-by-time effects for steps in the SH or SH+ groups compared to the wait-list control group. Self-reported participation in monthly minutes of resistance training significantly increased at 3-month postbaseline in both groups (SH: 136 min, P < .01, d = 0.33 and SH+: 145 min P < .001, d = 0.4) versus the control group. The improvements were maintained for the SH group at 9 months. There was also a meaningful effect (P < .06, d = -0.23) for reducing anxiety for SH group at 9 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SMART Health was a feasible, multicomponent intervention, which increased self-reported resistance training but no other secondary outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"334-346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Health and School Health Partnership for a Web-Based Physical Activity Resource.","authors":"Kristen Welker, Carol Cox","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0470","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With physical activity levels in children and youth decreasing as their obesity rates rise, collaborations between public health and school health professionals for physical activity interventions are recommended. Physical activity interventions at the school site and those with community involvement in program planning have demonstrated positive outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As schools are a vital part of community physical activity promotion for students, public health and school health partners in one state created a brain energizers/movement integration website to support 2 components of a comprehensive school physical activity program: \"Physical activity integrated into the school day\" and \"Staff involvement.\" This study presents a process evaluation and level of utilization assessment of a public health, web-based resource for physical activity promotion in the elementary school for students aged 6-12 years. Web links were sent to all members of a statewide school nurse association, and 269 school nursing staff responded to an online survey evaluating the website.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 40% of respondents used and shared the site with other teachers/staff at their schools, and the activities and videos were stated as the greatest benefits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Public health and education sectors can collaborate within comprehensive school physical activity programs to provide movement integration resources for students to meet physical activity goals. School nurses can encourage physical activity during the school day and staff involvement by promoting both the health promotion and educational benefits of movement integration and physically active learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"393-397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Exercise Requirements for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Resolution Across Age Groups: A Longitudinal Study of Korean Military Officers.","authors":"Jaejun Lee, Dong Yeup Lee, Jae Hyeop Jung, Eunkyoung Bae, Jeong A Yu, Hyun Yang","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0334","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health concern, and despite its high prevalence, lifestyle modifications such as exercise play a pivotal role in resolving this condition. This study aims to identify factors associated with NAFLD resolution, with a focus on the role of exercise, in different age groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Longitudinal data from Korean military officers, during the period 2019-2021, were obtained from the National Health Information Database. NAFLD was defined as a hepatic steatosis index ≥36, and NAFLD resolution was defined as individuals achieving hepatic steatosis index <36 in the subsequent year of diagnosis. Information on alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, and family history of diabetes was collected through self-reported questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included a total of 163,728 individuals, with a mean age of 36.87, predominantly male (91.62%). The prevalence of NAFLD was 27.04%. Favorable factors for NAFLD resolution encompassed moderate-intensity exercise for more than 180 minutes per week, vigorous-intensity exercise for more than 90 minutes per week, female sex, age, and resistance exercise for more than 3 days per week. Hypertension, family history of diabetes, and smoking were identified as factors against NAFLD resolution. The exercise requirements for NAFLD resolution varied among age groups, with those <30 years old requiring more than 180 minutes per week of moderate- or vigorous-intensity exercise and those >50 years old needing only 90 minutes per week of such exercise.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The exercise requirements for NAFLD resolution exhibit age-related differences. Individualized guidance for NAFLD management should consider these variations and be tailored to specific age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"323-333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}