Álvaro Morera, Joaquín Calatayud, Rubén López-Bueno, Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés, Rúni Bláfoss, Sebastian Venge Skovlund, Lars Louis Andersen
{"title":"Leisure-Time Physical Activity to Reduce Risk of Long-Term Sickness Absence Across Diverse Subgroups in the Working Population-A Prospective Cohort Study of 68,000 Participants.","authors":"Álvaro Morera, Joaquín Calatayud, Rubén López-Bueno, Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés, Rúni Bláfoss, Sebastian Venge Skovlund, Lars Louis Andersen","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2024-0352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a dearth of knowledge regarding the relationship between engaging in moderate and vigorous physical activity and long-term sickness absence (LTSA), particularly among various population subgroups such as individuals of different ages or body mass indices. We aimed to evaluate the prospective associations of moderate and vigorous leisure-time physical activity with the risk of LTSA in the general working population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study with a 2-year register follow-up was conducted, where 68,222 representative workers from Denmark completed a questionnaire about work environment, lifestyle, and health. Data on LTSA (≥6 consecutive weeks of sickness absence) were obtained from the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalization. We used Cox regression for the statistical analysis, adjusting for relevant confounding factors. We also performed age- and BMI-stratified analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the fully adjusted model, 2 to 4 hours per week of moderate activity (hazard ratios [HR] = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.99) and ≥2 hours per week of vigorous activity reduced LTSA risk compared with no physical activity. However, 2 to 4 hours per week of vigorous activity (HR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.91) provided the greatest risk reduction. In the total sample, the complete absence of vigorous activity was associated with increased risk of LTSA (HR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.22). In stratified analyses, the results were consistent for workers <50 years (HR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.26), ≥50 years (HR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.26), and those with a BMI ≥ 25 (HR = 1.16; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.28). The complete absence of moderate activity was not associated with LTSA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vigorous leisure-time physical activity appears to be more important than moderate activity to prevent LTSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan E Rhodes, Anna Banik, Zofia Szczuka, Matthias Burkard Aulbach, Ann DeSmet, Hannah Durand, Lauren Gatting, James Green, Emily Zelda Hillison, Radomír Masaryk, Theda Radtke, Benjamin P Rigby, Konstantin Schenkel, Lisa Marie Warner, Christopher M Jones, Aleksandra Luszczynska
{"title":"Extending Our Understanding of the Social Determinants of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Families: A Systems Mapping Approach.","authors":"Ryan E Rhodes, Anna Banik, Zofia Szczuka, Matthias Burkard Aulbach, Ann DeSmet, Hannah Durand, Lauren Gatting, James Green, Emily Zelda Hillison, Radomír Masaryk, Theda Radtke, Benjamin P Rigby, Konstantin Schenkel, Lisa Marie Warner, Christopher M Jones, Aleksandra Luszczynska","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2024-0113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The social environment is important to consider for effective promotion of movement behaviors like increased physical activity (PA) and reduced sedentary behavior (SB); yet, it is less often considered than individual and built environments. One way to advance social environment research is to develop system maps, an innovative, participatory, action-oriented research process that actively engages stakeholders to visualize system structures and explore how systems \"work.\" The purpose of this research was to develop PA and SB system maps of the social environment embedded within the core/nuclear family system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The development process began with a 2-day multicountry, 16-researcher, in-person participatory workshop in August 2023, followed by multiple online follow-up consultations. Attendees contributed to the creation of the maps through shared development of critical determinants and their causal pathways. The structure of the final maps was analyzed using network analysis methods to identify indicators of centrality, and key feedback loops and areas for potential intervention were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Key central determinants that were likely critical targets for systems intervention to produce changes in PA and SB and featured prominently in most of the reinforcing and balancing feedback loops included shared family interests, values and priorities, family logistical support, family cohesion/organization, and shared experiences. The maps also highlighted key determinants of the broader social environment external to the family.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These system maps support current evidence on movement behaviors in family systems and socioecological theories and have the utility to galvanize future research and policy to promote PA and reduce SB.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia Heisig, Nicole Lindner, Nele Kornder, Wiebke Reichert, Annette Becker, Jörg Haasenritter, Annika Viniol, Veronika van der Wardt
{"title":"Adherence Support Strategies for Physical Activity Interventions in People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Julia Heisig, Nicole Lindner, Nele Kornder, Wiebke Reichert, Annette Becker, Jörg Haasenritter, Annika Viniol, Veronika van der Wardt","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2024-0099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain significantly impacts individuals' quality of life. Regular physical activity is an important key to therapy. However, adherence to exercise is often below the intended levels. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of adherence support strategies in physical activity randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for patients with chronic MSK pain, to address the challenge of motivation and adherence in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ovid and CINAHL databases were searched for MSK \"chronic pain,\" \"adherence\" and \"physical activity\" (in various synonyms) for RCTs with a follow-up of at least 6 months. After a screening process that included several team members, a narrative synthesis and a meta-analysis on adherence and effect sizes of different outcomes were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An initial database output of 5816 articles resulted in 76 RCTs that remained for analysis. These RCTs showed high heterogeneity of intervention design and outcome data. Adherence to exercise varied widely, with 21 RCTs achieving rates of 80% or higher using strategies like education, goal setting, self-monitoring, and personal feedback. The meta-analysis, based on 29 out of 76 RCTs, indicated a nonsignificant correlation between adherence levels and an improved outcome (eg, pain or quality of life). No individual strategy emerged as superior, emphasizing the complexity and diversity of intervention designs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review offers strategies, such as information/education and individual goal setting/feedback that may be beneficial for enhancing physical activity in patients with chronic MSK pain. Future research should focus on including promising adherence support strategies and providing data for adherence calculations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Lobo, Micaela Holgado, Laura López, Valeria Baigún, Gabriela Fernanda De Roia
{"title":"Argentina's Global Matrix 4.0 Report Card Results on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Pablo Lobo, Micaela Holgado, Laura López, Valeria Baigún, Gabriela Fernanda De Roia","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2024-0197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of the Argentine Global Matrix 4.0 Report Card was to synthesize the available national evidence on topics related to physical activity and health of children and adolescents and, based on that evidence, to assign a grade to some related indicators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Report Card working group reviewed and compiled the best available evidence on the indicators developed by Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance. Each of the 12 grades (for 10 core and 2 optional indicators) were based on the percentage of children and adolescents meeting a benchmark established in the Global Matrix grading rubric: These grades could range from A+ (best) to F (worst), or an incomplete was assigned when evidence was insufficient or inadequate for grading. The grades were subsequently reviewed and harmonized by 2 independent Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance reviewers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Government, all received a grade of D+. Organized Sport and Physical Activity and Community and Environment each received a grade of C-. Obesity received a grade of C+. Active Play, Active Transportation, Physical Fitness, Family and Peers, School, and Sleep were graded as incomplete.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Only half of the indicators were able to be graded, as the other half were inconclusive due to lack of evidence. This leaves a gap and thus a challenge at the national level to improve research, surveillance systems, and policies to promote physical activity during childhood and adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milena Franco Silva, Ana Luiza Favarão Leão, Áine O'Connor, Pedro C Hallal, Ding Ding, Erica Hinckson, Tarik Benmarhnia, Rodrigo Siqueira Reis
{"title":"Understanding the Relationships Between Physical Activity and Climate Change: An Umbrella Review.","authors":"Milena Franco Silva, Ana Luiza Favarão Leão, Áine O'Connor, Pedro C Hallal, Ding Ding, Erica Hinckson, Tarik Benmarhnia, Rodrigo Siqueira Reis","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0284","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity is crucial for maintaining health and preventing chronic diseases. However, climate conditions can impact physical activity patterns, and conversely, physical activity can impact climate change. This umbrella review aims to summarize the existing evidence regarding the relationships between physical activity and climate change, as revealed in previous reviews.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were analyzed. Searches were conducted across GreenFILE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for peer-reviewed articles published in English. A 2-stage independent screening process was conducted, and methodological quality was assessed using the JBI framework. Standardized data extraction methods were then applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1292 articles retrieved, 7 met all eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Three articles examined physical activity as a primary exposure, 3 focused on the impacts of climate change, and one considered both physical activity and climate change as primary exposures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings reveal an interplay between climate change and physical activity. While rising temperatures may prompt outdoor activities up to a certain temperature threshold, air pollution and extreme heat can have harmful effects. Active transportation and improved logistics around large-scale sporting events can mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but transportation systems linked to sports venues may increase emissions. Research on the reciprocal relationship between climate change and physical activity domains, and integrating the community into climate discussions, is crucial for equity, especially for marginalized communities. Incorporating climate adaptation and mitigation strategies in physical activity infrastructure to minimize environmental impacts is critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1263-1275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathryn Fortnum, Sjaan R Gomersall, Megan H Ross, James Woodforde, George Thomas, Yu-Shu Wen, Francisco Perales, Michalis Stylianou
{"title":"24-Hour Movement Behaviors of LGBTQA+ Young People: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Kathryn Fortnum, Sjaan R Gomersall, Megan H Ross, James Woodforde, George Thomas, Yu-Shu Wen, Francisco Perales, Michalis Stylianou","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0343","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The movement behaviors of LGBTQA+ young people, who encounter specific health, and other, challenges are not well understood. This systematic review examines the 24-hour movement behaviors of LGBTQA+ young people compared with population estimates of meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven electronic databases were searched from inception to January 2024. Observational studies published in English and reporting quantitative data for physical activity, sedentary behavior, or sleep duration for LGBTQA+ individuals <24 years old were included. Data were narratively synthesized for children/adolescents (<18 years) and young adults (18-24 years), guided by the Cochrane Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six studies were included; 46 were of \"fair\" quality and 37 were conducted in the United States. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep outcomes were reported in 46, 11, and 14 studies, respectively. Ninety unique LGBTQA+ terms were identified. Based on outcomes reported in ≥1 study, and compared to population estimates, LGBTQA+ young people were less likely to meet aerobic physical activity and strength/resistance training guidelines. LGBTQA+ children/adolescents were less likely to meet the sleep guidelines. Young adults demonstrated similar adherence to sleep guidelines as population estimates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, our results suggest that LGBTQA+ young people have suboptimal 24-hour movement behaviors; in some cases, worse than population estimates. Utilization of more robust measures of exposure and outcome variables is recommended, with a focus on sleep and sedentary behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1308-1324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Changes in Municipal-Level Social Capital and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Sports Group Participation and Walking Time Among Older Adults.","authors":"Taishi Tsuji, Meiko Yokoyama, Satoru Kanamori, Takahiro Tabuchi, Katsunori Kondo","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2024-0415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to examine trends in socioeconomic inequalities in sports group participation and daily walking time among older adults in Japan from 2016 to 2019, and to elucidate the association of municipal-level social capital in these trends.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study across 2 waves (2016 and 2019), this repeated cross-sectional ecological study included 50 municipalities with 102,575 and 94,022 participants, respectively. We investigated inequalities in sports group participation, and daily walking time by income and education, using the slope index of inequality and relative index of inequality with municipal-level social capital variables, such as civic participation, reciprocity, social cohesion, and social network.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2016 to 2019, all slope index of inequalities showed a decreasing trend (-4.2 to - 0.5), whereas relative index of inequalities maintained or decreased (-0.10 to 0.00). Increases in municipal-level social capital particularly civic participation and social networks with friends were associated with reduced inequalities in both sports group participation and walking time. For example, increased civic participation scores were associated with reduced relative index of inequalities, which assessed inequalities in sports group participation by income (B = -0.13, 95% CI, -0.24 to - 0.03) and in walking time by education (B = -0.06, 95% CI, -0.11 to - 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Enhancements in municipal social capital can reduce socioeconomic inequalities in sports group participation and daily walking among older adults, highlighting the importance of fostering civic participation, social networks, and cohesion in public health strategies aimed at reducing inequalities in sports and walking.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaclyn P Maher, Jeffrey D Labban, Brynn L Hudgins, Derek J Hevel, Kelsey M Bittel, Laurie Kennedy-Malone, Donald Hedeker
{"title":"Moving Beyond Mean Levels: Associations Between Subject-Level Variability in Psychological Determinants and Physical Activity in Older Adults.","authors":"Jaclyn P Maher, Jeffrey D Labban, Brynn L Hudgins, Derek J Hevel, Kelsey M Bittel, Laurie Kennedy-Malone, Donald Hedeker","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2024-0350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research investigating the psychological determinants of physical activity (PA) tends to conceptualize determinants as stable, trait-like factors. Growing evidence suggests that people and the processes that regulate people's behavior fluctuate over short timescales (eg, hours and days). This study explores the extent to which subject-level variability (vs stability) in determinants of PA, as well as the interaction between subject-level mean and variability in those determinants, is associated with moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Older adults (N = 202) enrolled in a measurement burst design study with 3 data collection waves occurring over a 1-year period. Each data collection wave consisted of accelerometers and ecological momentary assessment to capture MVPA and psychological determinants of MVPA, respectively. Mixed-effects location scale modeling was first used to estimate subject-level means and variability in psychological determinants. These estimates were then used as predictors of daily MVPA using multilevel modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subject-level variability in PA intentions (β = 0.199, SE = 0.062, P = .001), self-efficacy (β = 0.133, SE = 0.064, P = .037), and planning (β = 0.154, SE = 0.062, P = .014) were positively associated with daily MVPA. Associations between subject-level variability in PA intentions and self-efficacy decreased in strength, becoming nonsignificant at higher mean levels of PA intentions (β = -0.147, SE = 0.062, P = .018) and self-efficacy (β = -0.116, SE = 0.063, P = .062).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Greater subject-level variability in psychological determinants may be adaptive for PA engagement, especially among older adults experiencing low levels of those determinants. Moving beyond mean levels to include subject-level variability in psychological determinants of PA may help to improve our understanding of the processes that drive PA engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esther M F Van Sluijs, Ulf Ekelund, Pedro C Hallal, Bjorge H Hansen, Jenna Panter, Jo Salmon, Stephen J Sharp, Lauren B Sherar, Andrew J Atkin
{"title":"Family Car Ownership: Driving Inactivity in Young People? Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses in the International Children's Accelerometry Database.","authors":"Esther M F Van Sluijs, Ulf Ekelund, Pedro C Hallal, Bjorge H Hansen, Jenna Panter, Jo Salmon, Stephen J Sharp, Lauren B Sherar, Andrew J Atkin","doi":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0044","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jpah.2024-0044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ubiquitous car ownership may affect children's activity and health. We assessed the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between household car ownership and children's daily time spent sedentary (SED) and in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pooled cohort data were from the International Children's Accelerometry Database. Outcome measures were average daily accelerometer-measured SED and MVPA (in minutes per day). Exposures were household car ownership (none, 1, and ≥2) and change in car ownership. Associations were examined using multivariable mixed-effects linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age of participants (N = 4193) was 10.4 years (SD = 2.0), 53.4% were girls, and mean follow-up duration (N = 1333) was 3.3 years (SD = 1.1). Cross-sectionally, household car ownership was associated with higher SED (vs none: 1 car: β = 14.1 min/d, 95% CI, 6.7-21.5; ≥2 cars: 12.8, 95% CI, 5.3-20.4) and lower MVPA (vs none: 1 car: β = -8.8, 95% CI, -11.9 to -5.7; ≥2 cars: β = -8.8, 95% CI, -12.0 to -5.7). Associations were stronger in boys than girls and in children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds (SED only). Prospectively, there were no associations with increased car ownership. Reductions in household car ownership (of which 93.1% had ≥ 2 cars at baseline) were associated with a greater reduction in MVPA (vs no change: β = -8.4, 95% CI, -13.9 to -3.0) but not SED.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children in households with car access were more SED and less active than those without. Losing access to a second car was associated with greater decreases in MVPA, potentially related to losing access to activity-enabling environments. Reducing car access and use are important public health targets (eg, reducing air pollution), but their potential impact on children's activity opportunities should be mitigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":16812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity & health","volume":" ","pages":"1391-1400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}