{"title":"Synthesis, Structure, and Physicochemical Properties of Doubly Fused Phenoxazine-Embedded Dithiasapphyrins","authors":"Neha Tripathi, Mangalampalli Ravikanth","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70805","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Herein, we report the synthesis of a new class of doubly fused phenoxazine-embedded dithiasapphyrins via (3 + 2) condensation of an appropriate phenoxazine-based tripyrrane with bithiophene diol in CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> under BF<sub>3</sub>·OEt<sub>2</sub>-catalyzed conditions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of one representative macrocycle revealed an unusual structural rearrangement involving inversion of the two thiophene rings of the bithiophene unit, followed by fusion of the inner thiophene carbon atoms with adjacent pyrrolic nitrogen atoms to generate two tripentacyclic fused rings within the dithiasapphyrin framework. The resulting macrocycle adopts a highly distorted conformation, with the phenoxazine unit deviating by 66.97° from the mean plane defined by the four <i>meso</i>-carbon atoms. These doubly fused phenoxazine-embedded dithiasapphyrins exhibit intense panchromatic absorption across the UV–visible region with pronounced bathochromic shifts relative to their previously reported phenothiazine-fused analogues. Protonation with TFA further extends the absorption profile into the UV–visible-near-infrared region, affording strongly red-shifted diprotonated species. Electrochemical studies revealed that the phenoxazine-fused macrocycles are more electron-rich than the corresponding phenothiazine derivatives. Density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory studies support the experimental observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Liu, Suosuo Qi, Dong-Liang Pan, Kun Zhou, Dan-Qian Xu, Shao-Jie Lou
{"title":"Recent Advances in CH Bond Functionalization Using Traceless N-Functionalized Directing Groups","authors":"Kai Liu, Suosuo Qi, Dong-Liang Pan, Kun Zhou, Dan-Qian Xu, Shao-Jie Lou","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70800","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The chelation-assisted C<span></span>H bond activation with proper directing groups not only promotes the reaction efficiency but also enables selective C<span></span>C or C<span></span>X bond formation at the specific positions. Among them, the traceless directing groups (TDGs) strategy is highly attractive since it allows the in situ removal of directing groups after the directed C<span></span>H bond functionalization. On the other hand, <i>N</i>-containing substrates, e.g., <i>N</i>-heterocycles, amines, and oximes, are of great importance in both organic synthesis and drug discovery. The directed site-selective C<span></span>H bond functionalization of nitrogen-based substrates using TDG strategy constitutes an ideal solution to access more elaborate molecules. In this context, this review focus on the development of diverse traceless <i>N</i>-functionalized directing groups and their application in the C<span></span>H bond functionalization, along with mechanistic insights into the directing group removal steps. Typical examples that use <i>N</i>-functionalized TDGs, such as <i>N</i>-oxides, nitrones, <i>N</i>-nitroso groups, hydrazyl groups, <i>N</i>-acyl groups, and other nitrogen-functionalized groups, have been documented in this review, aiming to give a timely comprehensive overview and stimulate the development of more efficient methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Swanand Vinayak Joshi, Danaboina Srikanth, Abdul Kalam, Gaurav Pawar, Nagesh A. Bhale, Amol G. Dikundwar, Venkata Madhavi Yaddanapudi, Srinivas Nanduri
{"title":"Microwave-Assisted Copper-Mediated One-Pot Sequential Synthesis of Quinolino[3,4-b]quinoxalines","authors":"Swanand Vinayak Joshi, Danaboina Srikanth, Abdul Kalam, Gaurav Pawar, Nagesh A. Bhale, Amol G. Dikundwar, Venkata Madhavi Yaddanapudi, Srinivas Nanduri","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70802","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An efficient microwave-assisted one-pot protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 6-aryl/heteroarylquinolino[3,4-<i>b</i>]quinoxaline derivatives. The method involves a CuI-mediated tandem annulation of 2-(2-bromophenyl)quinoxalines with aryl and heteroaryl aldehydes, using TMSN<sub>3</sub> as the nitrogen source. The transformation proceeds rapidly under microwave irradiation, delivering the desired products in moderate-to-excellent yields (up to 91%) with broad substrate scope. Further, benzyl alcohols (with TBHP) also serve as viable precursors under identical conditions to afford 6-aryl/heteroaryl-quinolino[3,4-<i>b</i>]quinoxaline derivatives. Notably, the protocol eliminates the requirement for a stoichiometric amount of reducing agent used in the earlier protocol. It can be extended to gram-scale synthesis with a remarkably reduced reaction time. Mechanistic investigations, supported by control experiments, ESI-HRMS analysis, and DFT calculations, provide insight into the reaction pathway. This approach offers a rapid, practical, and scalable route to quinolino[3,4-<i>b</i>]quinoxaline frameworks of potential medicinal relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiyuan Chen, Elisabetta Groaz, Jef Rozenski, Steven De Jonghe, Eveline Lescrinier
{"title":"Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of Sugar-Modified Pseudouridine Analogs","authors":"Zhiyuan Chen, Elisabetta Groaz, Jef Rozenski, Steven De Jonghe, Eveline Lescrinier","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70799","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.70799","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pyrimidine <i>C</i>-nucleoside pseudouridine (Ψ) is a ubiquitous RNA modification that enhances the stability, modulates immunogenicity, and influences the biological function of natural and synthetic RNA. Despite its biological importance, the antiviral potential of pseudouridine analogs remains largely unexplored. Furthermore, although several sugar-modified pseudouridine analogs have been synthesized, a systematic approach to access these derivatives is still lacking. In this study, we present the synthesis of novel pseudouridine analogs with structural modifications at different positions of the carbohydrate moiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brian Ogi, Riccardo Conte, Salome L. Heim, Herre S. J. van der Zant, Marcel Mayor
{"title":"Competing Charge Transport Pathways: A Spirobifluorene-Based Molecular Loop","authors":"Brian Ogi, Riccardo Conte, Salome L. Heim, Herre S. J. van der Zant, Marcel Mayor","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70784","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.70784","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the relationship between molecular structure and charge transport remains a crucial aspect towards integrating single molecules into electronic devices, especially in systems which feature multiple conducting pathways. Here we report the synthesis of a molecular loop that incorporates a rigid 9,9′-spirobifluorene (SBF) core as a central mounting point for thiol anchoring groups and a cycloparaphenylene (CPP) backbone. The model compound is synthesized by a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling between a CPP precursor and a functionalized SBF derivative, followed by reductive aromatization of the macrocycle. The resulting macrocycles are fully characterized and enantiomerically resolved by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and their chiroptical properties are investigated. Conductance measurements in a mechanically controlled break-junction (MCBJ) setup demonstrate reproducible single-molecule junction formation with two dominant conductance plateaus near 2 × 10<sup>−4</sup> G<sub>0</sub> and 4 × 10<sup>−5</sup> G<sub>0</sub>, observed across different samples and applied voltages. The observed conductance features are consistent with multiple reproducible junction configurations, highlighting the molecular loop as a promising platform for studying charge transport through multiple intramolecular pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejoc.70784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148768594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haoran Lv, Yang Hang, Zhongkai Wang, Taoshan Jiang
{"title":"Solid-State Melt Rearrangement/Acetylation Reaction of Primary Amides and PhI(OAc)2 in Reactive Eutectic Medium","authors":"Haoran Lv, Yang Hang, Zhongkai Wang, Taoshan Jiang","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70789","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.70789","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel solid-state melt rearrangement reaction from primary amides and PhI(OAc)<sub>2</sub> without any solvents in reactive eutectic medium was established. Compared with traditional solvent-involved or high-temperature solid-state reactions, this reaction features lower temperature, shorter time, and higher efficiency. Especially for the aliphatic diamides and PhI(OAc)<sub>2</sub>, they could easily form a reactive eutectic mixture and undergo double Hofmann-type rearrangement reactions, giving the diamine diacetylated products in high yields. Notably, the products can be easily isolated through a direct precipitation–filtration method.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abhijit Sen, Atsuya Muranaka, Yu Hatakenaka, Aya Ohno, Yoichi M. A. Yamada
{"title":"Direct Conversion of Aryl Iodides Into Benzylamines by Aminomethylation: Reaction Scope, Mechanistic Studies, and Applications","authors":"Abhijit Sen, Atsuya Muranaka, Yu Hatakenaka, Aya Ohno, Yoichi M. A. Yamada","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70787","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.70787","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the high utility and value of benzylamines and their derivatives, their synthesis is hindered by a limited substrate availability and nonreusable transition-metal catalysts. To that end, this study develops an aminomethylation strategy using aryl iodides and formamides while examining the substrate scope and underlying mechanism for synthesizing benzylamines under parts-per-million-level (65 ppm) reusable palladium catalysis. This method can accommodate a wide range of substrates, including electron-rich and electron-deficient aryl, polyaryl, and heteroaryl iodides. Similarly, various formamide derivatives yield aminomethylated products. This aminomethylation strategy is used to directly synthesize biologically active molecules, such as a rivastigmine analog, and natural products, e.g., gramine. In addition, tryptamine, a serotonin receptor, and diindolylmethane, a metabolite, are successfully produced by derivatizing the aminomethylated products. Isotope-labeling experiments indicate that formamide derivatives were precursors for the reducing agent, in addition to providing both amines and carbon. A plausible catalytic pathway is proposed based on isotope-labeling experiments and density functional theory calculations, providing insights for future research and new applications in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejoc.70787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148768591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin Baumert, Kathryn Yeow, Roi Boris Tchuemmogne Tchuente, Adam Cruise, Christopher Thomas, Thomas Bayer, Uwe T. Bornscheuer, Marcus Baumann
{"title":"Exploiting Biocatalysis for the Scalable Synthesis of Enantiopure γ-Hydroxynitrile Building Blocks","authors":"Benjamin Baumert, Kathryn Yeow, Roi Boris Tchuemmogne Tchuente, Adam Cruise, Christopher Thomas, Thomas Bayer, Uwe T. Bornscheuer, Marcus Baumann","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70782","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ejoc.70782","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report the scalable biocatalyzed synthesis of γ-hydroxynitriles from their corresponding prochiral ketone precursors. Screening of a panel of alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) identified RRADH as an (<i>S</i>)-selective ADH yielding the desired products in e.e. values of 99%, whereas LSADH gave (<i>R</i>)-configured γ-hydroxynitriles (e.e. up to 95%). Optimization of this transformation allowed for reaction scale-up to 5 mmol, affording the targets in gram quantities. Moreover, the absolute configuration of the (<i>S</i>)-configured products was unambiguously established by single-crystal diffraction. This study showcases how chiral γ-hydroxynitriles can be generated from readily available γ-ketonitriles in an efficient and scalable manner, providing a robust and sustainable access to these valuable entities.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejoc.70782","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suraj Kashyap, Bharat Singh, Prabodh Ranjan, Shishir Singh, Ajit K. Gupta, Manas K. Ghorai
{"title":"Ring‐Opening Cyclization (ROC) of Aziridines With 2‐(2‐Bromophenyl)‐1 H ‐Benzimidazoles: Rotamer Analysis and Synthesis of Benzimidazole‐Fused 1,4‐Benzodiazepine","authors":"Suraj Kashyap, Bharat Singh, Prabodh Ranjan, Shishir Singh, Ajit K. Gupta, Manas K. Ghorai","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70879","url":null,"abstract":"We report a novel strategy for the synthesis of benzimidazole‐fused 1,4‐benzodiazepine derivatives in up to excellent yields via base‐mediated nucleophilic ring‐opening of activated aziridines with 2‐(2‐bromophenyl)‐1 <jats:italic>H</jats:italic> ‐benzimidazoles, followed by a Cu‐powder‐mediated intramolecular C–N cyclization reaction. Conformational isomerism in the ring‐opening products due to restricted rotation around the N─C bond was observed. These rotameric compounds were characterized through variable‐temperature NMR (VT‐NMR) and further supported by DFT calculations.","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149085935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Li, Kexin Su, Yuxi Guo, Xiaohua Lei, Zixiang Wang, Qiang Wang, Ju Guo, Yongsheng Zheng
{"title":"Hydrosilylation of Nitrones With Trichlorosilane: Preparation of Hydroxylamines","authors":"Yifan Li, Kexin Su, Yuxi Guo, Xiaohua Lei, Zixiang Wang, Qiang Wang, Ju Guo, Yongsheng Zheng","doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70812","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Herein, we describe a novel catalyst- and transition-metal-free method for the hydrosilylation of nitrones with trichlorosilane. A variety of hydroxylamines (38 examples) were obtained in moderate to good yields (28%–88%) with broad substrate compatibility under mild and operationally simple conditions. Control experiments confirm that the inherent directing groups of nitrones plays a pivotal role in bridging the reactants and facilitating the reaction. Furthermore, the synthetic utility of this method is demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis and elaboration of the products.</p>","PeriodicalId":167,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}