Journal of Pathogens最新文献_第10页

Emergence of Tetracycline Resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 Biotype El Tor Serotype Ogawa with Classical ctxB Gene from a Cholera Outbreak in Odisha, Eastern India. 印度东部奥迪沙爆发的霍乱疫情中出现了带有经典ctxB基因的耐四环素霍乱弧菌O1生物型El Tor血清型Ogawa。

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-01-03 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1695410

M Jain, P Kumar, A K Goel

{"title":"Emergence of Tetracycline Resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 Biotype El Tor Serotype Ogawa with Classical ctxB Gene from a Cholera Outbreak in Odisha, Eastern India.","authors":"M Jain, P Kumar, A K Goel","doi":"10.1155/2016/1695410","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2016/1695410","url":null,"abstract":"In September 2010, a cholera outbreak was reported from Odisha, Eastern India. V. cholerae isolated from the clinical samples were biochemically and serologically confirmed as serogroup O1, biotype El Tor, and serotype Ogawa. Multiplex PCR screening revealed the presence of various genes, namely, ompW, ctxB, zot, rfbO1, tcp, ace, hlyA, ompU, rtx, and toxR, in all of the isolates. The isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole, nalidixic acid, polymyxin B, spectinomycin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and vibriostatic agent 2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine (O/129). Minimum inhibitory concentration of tetracycline decreased in the presence of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), suggesting the involvement of efflux pumps. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of class I integrons as well as SXT elements harbouring antibiotic resistance genes in all isolates. Sequencing revealed the presence of ctxB gene of classical biotype in all the isolates. The isolates harboured an RS1-CTX prophage array with El Tor type rstR and classical ctxB on the large chromosome. The study indicated that the V. cholerae El Tor variants are evolving in the area with better antibiotic resistance and virulence potential. ","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4735907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64237877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolated from Tuberculosis Suspects in Ibadan, Nigeria. 尼日利亚伊巴丹市疑似结核病例中分离的非结核分枝杆菌。

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-23 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6547363

Simeon Idowu Cadmus, Bassirou Diarra, Brehima Traore, Mamoudou Maiga, Sophia Siddiqui, Anatole Tounkara, Olutayo Falodun, Wole Lawal, Isaac Folurunso Adewole, Rob Murphy, Dick van Soolingen, Babafemi Taiwo

{"title":"Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolated from Tuberculosis Suspects in Ibadan, Nigeria.","authors":"Simeon Idowu Cadmus, Bassirou Diarra, Brehima Traore, Mamoudou Maiga, Sophia Siddiqui, Anatole Tounkara, Olutayo Falodun, Wole Lawal, Isaac Folurunso Adewole, Rob Murphy, Dick van Soolingen, Babafemi Taiwo","doi":"10.1155/2016/6547363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6547363","url":null,"abstract":"In Nigeria, one of the highest tuberculosis (TB) burdened nations, sputum smear microscopy is routinely employed for TB diagnosis at Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) Centers. This diagnostic algorithm does not differentiate Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) from nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Between December 2008 and January 2009, consecutive patients diagnosed with TB were screened for inclusion at 10 DOTS centers in Ibadan, Nigeria. To verify Mycobacterium species in patients diagnosed, we cultured and identified mycobacterial isolates using PCR, line probe assay, and spoligotyping techniques. From 48 patients screened, 23 met the inclusion criteria for the study. All the 23 study patients had a positive culture. Overall, we identified 11/23 patients (48%) with MTC only, 9/23 (39%) with NTM only, and 3/23 (13%) with evidence of both MTC and NTM. Strains of MTC identified were Latin American Mediterranean (LAM) genotype (n = 12), M. africanum (n = 1), and the genotype family T (n = 1). Four M. avium-intracellulare-M. scrofulaceum complexes, one M. chelonae complex, one M. abscessus, and one M. intracellulare were identified. Our findings underscore the need to incorporate molecular techniques for more precise diagnosis of TB at DOTS centers to improve clinical outcomes and safe guard public health, particularly in TB endemic countries. ","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/6547363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34333062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

The Efficacy of Umbelliferone, Arbutin, and N-Acetylcysteine to Prevent Microbial Colonization and Biofilm Development on Urinary Catheter Surface: Results from a Preliminary Study. 伞形花酮、熊果苷和n -乙酰半胱氨酸对导尿管表面微生物定植和生物膜发育的影响:初步研究结果。

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-04-05 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1590952

Tommaso Cai, Luca Gallelli, Francesca Meacci, Anna Brugnolli, Letizia Prosperi, Stefani Roberta, Cristina Eccher, Sandra Mazzoli, Paolo Lanzafame, Patrizio Caciagli, Gianni Malossini, Riccardo Bartoletti

{"title":"The Efficacy of Umbelliferone, Arbutin, and N-Acetylcysteine to Prevent Microbial Colonization and Biofilm Development on Urinary Catheter Surface: Results from a Preliminary Study.","authors":"Tommaso Cai, Luca Gallelli, Francesca Meacci, Anna Brugnolli, Letizia Prosperi, Stefani Roberta, Cristina Eccher, Sandra Mazzoli, Paolo Lanzafame, Patrizio Caciagli, Gianni Malossini, Riccardo Bartoletti","doi":"10.1155/2016/1590952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1590952","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated, in a preliminary study, the efficacy of umbelliferone, arbutin, and N-acetylcysteine to inhibit biofilm formation on urinary catheter. We used 20 urinary catheters: 5 catheters were incubated with Enterococcus faecalis (control group); 5 catheters were incubated with E. faecalis in presence of umbelliferone (150 mg), arbutin (60 mg), and N-acetylcysteine (150 mg) (group 1); 5 catheters were incubated with E. faecalis in presence of umbelliferone (150 mg), arbutin (60 mg), and N-acetylcysteine (400 mg) (group 2); and 5 catheters were incubated with E. faecalis in presence of umbelliferone (300 mg), arbutin (60 mg), and N-acetylcysteine (150 mg) (group 3). After 72 hours, planktonic microbial growth and microorganisms on catheter surface were assessed. In the control group, we found a planktonic load of ≥10(5) CFU/mL in the inoculation medium and retrieved 3.69 × 10(6) CFU/cm from the sessile cells adherent to the catheter surface. A significantly lower amount in planktonic (p < 0.001) and sessile (p = 0.004) bacterial load was found in group 3, showing <100 CFU/mL and 0.12 × 10(6) CFU/cm in the incubation medium and on the catheter surface, respectively. In groups 1 and 2, 1.67 × 10(6) CFU/cm and 1.77 × 10(6) CFU/cm were found on catheter surface. Our results document that umbelliferone, arbutin, and N-acetylcysteine are able to reduce E. faecalis biofilm development on the surface of urinary catheters. ","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/1590952","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34344422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Reproductive Pathological Changes Associated with Experimental Subchronic Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Infection in Nonpregnant Boer Does. 未孕波尔母鹿亚慢性假结核棒状杆菌实验感染引起的生殖病理变化

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-02-23 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4624509

A M Othman, Y Abba, F F A Jesse, Y M Ilyasu, A A Saharee, A W Haron, M Zamri-Saad, M A M Lila

{"title":"Reproductive Pathological Changes Associated with Experimental Subchronic Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Infection in Nonpregnant Boer Does.","authors":"A M Othman, Y Abba, F F A Jesse, Y M Ilyasu, A A Saharee, A W Haron, M Zamri-Saad, M A M Lila","doi":"10.1155/2016/4624509","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2016/4624509","url":null,"abstract":"Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis causes caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), which is a contagious and chronic disease in sheep and goats. In order to assess the histopathological changes observed in the reproductive organs of nonpregnant does infected with the bacteria, 20 apparently healthy adult Boer does were divided into four inoculation groups, intradermal, intranasal, oral, and control, consisting of five goats each. Excluding the control group, which was unexposed, other does were inoculated with 10(7) CFU/1 mL of live C. pseudotuberculosis through the various routes stated above. Thirty days after infection, the ovaries, uterus, and iliac lymph nodes were collected for bacterial recovery and molecular detection, as well as histopathological examination. The mean changes in necrosis, congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, and oedema varied in severity among the ovaries, uterus, and iliac lymph nodes following different inoculation routes. Overall, the intranasal route of inoculation showed more severe (p < 0.05) lesions in all the organs examined. The findings of this study have shown that C. pseudotuberculosis could predispose to infertility resulting from pathological lesions in the uterus and ovaries of does. ","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4781953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64389802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Virulence Genes among Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium Isolated from Coastal Beaches and Human and Nonhuman Sources in Southern California and Puerto Rico. 南加州和波多黎各海岸海滩人源和非人源分离的粪肠球菌和粪肠球菌的毒力基因

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-04-10 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3437214

Donna M Ferguson, Ginamary Negrón Talavera, Luis A Ríos Hernández, Stephen B Weisberg, Richard F Ambrose, Jennifer A Jay

{"title":"Virulence Genes among Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium Isolated from Coastal Beaches and Human and Nonhuman Sources in Southern California and Puerto Rico.","authors":"Donna M Ferguson, Ginamary Negrón Talavera, Luis A Ríos Hernández, Stephen B Weisberg, Richard F Ambrose, Jennifer A Jay","doi":"10.1155/2016/3437214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3437214","url":null,"abstract":"Most Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium are harmless to humans; however, strains harboring virulence genes, including esp, gelE, cylA, asa1, and hyl, have been associated with human infections. E. faecalis and E. faecium are present in beach waters worldwide, yet little is known about their virulence potential. Here, multiplex PCR was used to compare the distribution of virulence genes among E. faecalis and E. faecium isolated from beaches in Southern California and Puerto Rico to isolates from potential sources including humans, animals, birds, and plants. All five virulence genes were found in E. faecalis and E. faecium from beach water, mostly among E. faecalis. gelE was the most common among isolates from all source types. There was a lower incidence of asa1, esp, cylA, and hyl genes among isolates from beach water, sewage, septage, urban runoff, sea wrack, and eelgrass as compared to human isolates, indicating that virulent strains of E. faecalis and E. faecium may not be widely disseminated at beaches. A higher frequency of asa1 and esp among E. faecalis from dogs and of asa1 among birds (mostly seagull) suggests that further studies on the distribution and virulence potential of strains carrying these genes may be warranted. ","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/3437214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34517738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Prevalence of Tinea Capitis among School Children in Nok Community of Kaduna State, Nigeria. 尼日利亚卡杜纳州Nok社区学龄儿童头癣患病率

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-07-04 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9601717

Josephine Dogo, Seniyat Larai Afegbua, Edward Christopher Dung

{"title":"Prevalence of Tinea Capitis among School Children in Nok Community of Kaduna State, Nigeria.","authors":"Josephine Dogo, Seniyat Larai Afegbua, Edward Christopher Dung","doi":"10.1155/2016/9601717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9601717","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the prevalence of tinea capitis, an infection of the scalp by dermatophytes, has increased in children worldwide. This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factor of tinea capitis among school children in Nok community of Kaduna State, Nigeria. A total of 100 children were screened and 45% were diagnosed to have tinea capitis after fungal culture and microscopy. The prevalence of tinea capitis among girls was higher (51.4%) than that among boys (41.5%) but not significantly different (p = 0.402). The prevalence with respect to age was lower for the age group 5-10 years (42.6%) than that of 11-15 years (50%) but was not significantly different (p = 0.524). Trichophyton rubrum (28.8%) and Microsporum canis (22.7%) were the most prevalent dermatophytes isolated and the least were Trichophyton verrucosum (4.5%) and Trichophyton tonsurans (4.5%). There were 73.3% single infection while 26.7% had 2-4 dermatophytes of the genera Microsporum and Trichophyton. The predisposing factors with statistically significant association with tinea capitis were number of children in the family (p = 0.02) and sharing of the same bed (p = 0.002). This indicates the high tendencies of spread of tinea capitis through human-to-human mode of transmission and possible animal contact. Community health education on the cause, mode of transmission, prevention, and prompt treatment of tinea capitis is recommended. ","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/9601717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34605327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Phenotypic Detection of Metallo-Beta-Lactamases in Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Pediatric Patients in Pakistan. 巴基斯坦儿童耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌金属- β -内酰胺酶表型检测

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-30 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8603964

Muneeza Anwar, Hassan Ejaz, Aizza Zafar, Hamdan Hamid

{"title":"Phenotypic Detection of Metallo-Beta-Lactamases in Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Pediatric Patients in Pakistan.","authors":"Muneeza Anwar, Hassan Ejaz, Aizza Zafar, Hamdan Hamid","doi":"10.1155/2016/8603964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8603964","url":null,"abstract":"Multidrug resistant A. baumannii has emerged as an important and problematic human pathogen as it is the causative agent of several types of infections especially in neonates and immunocompromised patients because they have least capacity to fight against infections. Carbapenems are used as last resort antibiotics for treating these infections but currently resistance against carbapenems due to MBL production is on the rise. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii and also to compare the efficacy of combined disk test and double disk synergy test for detection of metallo-beta-lactamases. A total of 112 A. baumannii were identified from various clinical samples and antibiotic susceptibility profile was determined by Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion method. Out of 112, 66 (58.9%) isolates were resistant to both imipenem and meropenem (OXOID). These resistant isolates were tested for carbapenemase production, and 55 (83.3%) were carbapenemase producers by Modified Hodge Test. These isolates were further tested for MBL production by combined disk test and double disk synergy test. Out of 66, 49 isolates were positive by both methods, CDT and DDST, and only one isolate was detected as negative (with kappa value = 0.038). All MBL producing strains showed remarkable resistance to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and piperacillin/tazobactam (OXOID). The antibiotic resistance was very high in A. baumannii which were isolated from children in Pakistan specially attending a nephrology unit. ","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/8603964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34498724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 44

In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Annona muricata Leaf Extract in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei. 番荔枝叶提取物对伯氏疟原虫感染小鼠体内抗疟活性的研究。

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-22 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3264070

Voravuth Somsak, Natsuda Polwiang, Sukanya Chachiyo

{"title":"In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Annona muricata Leaf Extract in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei.","authors":"Voravuth Somsak, Natsuda Polwiang, Sukanya Chachiyo","doi":"10.1155/2016/3264070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3264070","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. The choice for the treatment is highly limited due to drug resistance. Hence, finding the new compounds to treat malaria is urgently needed. The present study was attempted to evaluate the antimalarial activity of the Annona muricata aqueous leaf extract in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Aqueous leaf extract of A. muricata was prepared and tested for acute toxicity in mice. For efficacy test in vivo, standard 4-day suppressive test was carried out. ICR mice were inoculated with 10(7) parasitized erythrocytes of P. berghei ANKA by intraperitoneal injection. The extracts (100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) were then given orally by gavage once a day for 4 consecutive days. Parasitemia, percentage of inhibition, and packed cell volume were subsequently calculated. Chloroquine (10 mg/kg) was given to infected mice as positive control while untreated control was given only distilled water. It was found that A. muricata aqueous leaf extract at doses of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg resulted in dose dependent parasitemia inhibition of 38.03%, 75.25%, and 85.61%, respectively. Survival time was prolonged in infected mice treated with the extract. Moreover, no mortality to mice was observed with this extract up to a dose of 4000 mg/kg. In conclusion, the A. muricata aqueous leaf extract exerted significant antimalarial activity with no toxicity and prolonged survival time. Therefore, this extract might contain potential lead molecule for the development of a new drug for malaria treatment. ","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/3264070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34413289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

Susceptibility Pattern and Distribution of Oxacillinases and bla PER-1 Genes among Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a Teaching Hospital in Iran 伊朗某教学医院耐多药鲍曼不动杆菌Oxacillinases和bla PER-1基因的易感模式及分布

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.1155/2015/957259

Sareh Bagheri Josheghani, R. Moniri, F. Firoozeh, M. Sehat, Yasaman Dasteh Goli

{"title":"Susceptibility Pattern and Distribution of Oxacillinases and bla PER-1 Genes among Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a Teaching Hospital in Iran","authors":"Sareh Bagheri Josheghani, R. Moniri, F. Firoozeh, M. Sehat, Yasaman Dasteh Goli","doi":"10.1155/2015/957259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/957259","url":null,"abstract":"Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an important nosocomial pathogen in healthcare institutions. β-Lactamase-mediated resistance is the most common mechanism for carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern, to detect OXA encoding genes, class A, bla PER-1, and to detect the presence of ISAba1. A total of 124 A. baumannii isolates were collected from hospitalized patients in a teaching hospital in Kashan, Iran. The susceptibility of isolates to different antibiotics was determined by disk-diffusion method. PCR was used to detect bla PER-1, bla OXA-23, bla OXA-24, bla OXA-51, bla OXA-58, and ISAba1 genes. All isolates were resistant to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cefotaxime. All of the isolates revealed susceptibility to polymyxin B and colistin. Ninety-six percent of the isolates were extensive drug resistance (XDR), 5.6% extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), and 54.8% metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL). All isolates were positive for bla OXA-51 and ISAba1. bla OXA-23, bla OXA-24, and bla OXA-58 were found in 79.8%, 25%, and 3.2%, respectively. The frequency rate of bla PER-1 gene was 52.4%. Multidrug resistant A. baumannii isolates are increasing in our setting and extensively limit therapeutic options. The high rate presence of class D carbapenemase-encoding genes, mainly bla OXA-23 carbapenemases, is worrying and alarming as an emerging threat in our hospital.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/957259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64182589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Endemicity of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii Complex in an Intensive Care Unit in Malaysia 马来西亚重症监护病房内钙酸钙-鲍曼复合不动杆菌的地方性

IF 2.6

Journal of Pathogens Pub Date : 2015-12-27 DOI: 10.1155/2015/789265

A. Dhanoa, Ganeswrie Rajasekaram, Soo-Sum Lean, Y. Cheong, K. Thong

{"title":"Endemicity of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii Complex in an Intensive Care Unit in Malaysia","authors":"A. Dhanoa, Ganeswrie Rajasekaram, Soo-Sum Lean, Y. Cheong, K. Thong","doi":"10.1155/2015/789265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/789265","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex (ACB complex) is a leading opportunistic pathogen in intensive care units (ICUs). Effective control of spread requires understanding of its epidemiological relatedness. This study aims to determine the genetic relatedness and antibiotic susceptibilities of ACB complex in an ICU in Malaysia. Methodology. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), E-test, and disk diffusion were used for isolates characterization. Results. During the study period (December 2011 to June 2012), 1023 patients were admitted to the ICU and 44 ACB complex (blood, n = 21, and blind bronchial aspirates, n = 23) were recovered from 38 ICU patients. Six isolates were from non-ICU patients. Of the 44 ICU isolates, 88.6% exhibited multidrug-resistant (MDR) patterns. There was high degree of resistance, with minimum inhibitory concentration90 (MIC90) of >32 μg/mL for carbapenems and ≥256 μg/mL for amikacin, ampicillin/sulbactam, and cefoperazone/sulbactam. Isolates from the main PFGE cluster were highly resistant. There was evidence of dissemination in non-ICU wards. Conclusion. High number of clonally related MDR ACB complex was found. While the ICU is a likely reservoir facilitating transmission, importation from other wards may be important contributor. Early identification of strain relatedness and implementation of infection control measures are necessary to prevent further spread.","PeriodicalId":16788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2015-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/789265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65147719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8