Journal of Pharmacopuncture最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemical, Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Moroccan <i>Arbutus unedo</i> Leaves.","authors":"Latifa Doudach,&nbsp;Hanae Naceiri Mrabti,&nbsp;Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli,&nbsp;Mohamed Reda Kachmar,&nbsp;Kaoutar Benrahou,&nbsp;Hamza Assaggaf,&nbsp;Ahmed Qasem,&nbsp;Emad Mohamed Abdallah,&nbsp;Bodour Saeed Rajab,&nbsp;Khouloud Harraqui,&nbsp;Mouna Mekkaoui,&nbsp;Abdelhakim Bouyahya,&nbsp;Moulay El Abbes Faouzi","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Moroccan <i>Arbutus unedo</i> is an essential medicinal plant; however, little is known about the biological properties of its leaves mentioned in Moroccan traditional medicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Various standard experiments were performed to evaluate the phytochemical, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and acute and sub-chronic toxicity characteristics of <i>A. unedo</i> leaves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phytochemical screening led to the identification of several phytochemical classes, including tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and anthraquinones, with high concentrations of polyphenols (31.83 ± 0.29 mg GAEs/g extract) and flavonoids (16.66 ± 1.47 mg REs/g extract). Further, the mineral analysis revealed high levels of calcium and potassium. <i>A. unedo</i> extract demonstrated significant antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities by inhibiting α-amylase (1.350 ± 0.32 g/mL) and α-glucosidase (0.099 ± 1.21 g/mL) compared to the reference drug Acarbose. Also, the methanolic extract of the plant exhibited significantly higher antibacterial activity than the aqueous extract. Precisely, three of the four examined bacterial strains exhibited substantial susceptibility to the methanolic extract . Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values indicated that <i>A. unedo</i> harbor abundant bactericidal compounds. For toxicological studies, mice were administered with <i>A. unedo</i> aqueous extract at single doses of 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg. They did not exhibit significant abnormal behavior, toxic symptoms, or death during the 14-day acute toxicity test and the 90-day sub-chronic toxicity test periods. The general behavior, body weight, and hematological and biochemical status of the rats were assessed, revealing no toxicological symptoms or clinically significant changes in biological markers observed in the mice models, except hypoglycemia, after 90 days of daily dose administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlighted several biological advantages of <i>A. unedo</i> leaves without toxic effects in short-term application. Our findings suggest that conducting more comprehensive and extensive <i>in vivo</i> investigations is of utmost importance to identify molecules that can be formulated into pharmaceuticals in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/12/jop-26-1-27.PMC10063422.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9234409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Effect of <i>Allium ampeloprasum</i> and <i>Allium porrum</i> Extracts on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>.","authors":"Shahin Gavanji,&nbsp;Azizollah Bakhtari,&nbsp;Hojjat Baghshahi,&nbsp;Zahra Hamami Chamgordani,&nbsp;Akram Sadeghi","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The most prominent microorganisms that cause hospital infections and acquire antibiotic resistance are <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. The present study aimed to compare the phenolic and flavonoid compounds of various <i>Allium ampeloprasum</i> and <i>Allium porrum</i> extracts and evaluate the antibacterial effects of these extracts against these two microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the acetone, methanol, aqueous, and hexane leeks extracts from <i>A. ampeloprasum</i> and <i>A. porrum</i> were measured. The antibacterial activity of these extracts against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was tested using the disk diffusion method for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Further, the minimum inhibitory concentrations and the minimum bactericidal concentrations of these extracts for these two bacteria were evaluated and compared with those of common antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The aqueous extracts showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents and at concentrations of 35 and 40 mg per disk, showed the most antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>; <i>P. aeruginosa</i> showed more sensitivity to the aqueous extracts than <i>S. aureus</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aqueous <i>A. ampeloprasum</i> and <i>A. porrum</i> extracts may prevent the growth of hospital pathogens, especially <i>P. aeruginosa</i>; our findings will aid the discovery of new antimicrobial substances against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f5/8e/jop-26-1-53.PMC10063418.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9241553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Brief Review on <i>Murraya paniculata</i> (Orange Jasmine): pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and ethanomedicinal uses.","authors":"Deepa Joshi,&nbsp;Kashmira J Gohil","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong><i>Murraya paniculata</i> (family-Rutaceae), popularly known as orange jasmine, is the most important evergreen plant. The Rutaceae family is economically significant due to its diverse edible fruits and essential oils.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>Murraya paniculata</i> extracts (MPE) of leaf have been shown to include phenolic compounds, highly oxygenated flavonoids, flavanones, sesquiterpenoids, polymethoxy glycosides, and coumarins. Cyclocitral, methyl salicylate, trans-nerolidol, cubenol, isogermacrene, -cadinol, and cubeb-11-ene are all abundant in MPE. The usages of various parts of this plant, such as bark, leaves and flower, as a remedy for a variety of ailments as widely recorded in the traditional literature. The plant has anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, antibacterial, anti-implantation, anti-oxidative, cytotoxic, anti-diarrheal, antidepressant and anti-anxiety properties and many others.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The goal of the review is to reignite interest in this potential plant, encouraging researchers to continue their research in order to uncover novel therapeutic compounds for the treatment and management of a range of infections. The current review provided a comprehensive overview of this traditional unique plant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The review paves a way for exploring its active chemical elements with substantial pharmacological values further for potential benefits of mankind.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"10-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0f/3b/jop-26-1-10.PMC10063420.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9246841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from <i>Quercus infectoria</i> Galls and <i>Scrophularia striata</i> Aerial Parts for an Anticariogenic Herbal Mouthwash.","authors":"Pooya Falakdin,&nbsp;Dara Dastan,&nbsp;Shabnam Pourmoslemi","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Dental caries is one of the most prevalent human diseases worldwide. The disease initiates with bacterial adherence to the tooth surface followed by the formation of dental plaques. Mutans streptococci and <i>Candida albicans</i> are principal oral microorganisms involved in the initiation and development of dental caries. Phytochemicals have been shown to possess promising antimicrobial properties against a wide range of microorganisms and can be used for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Herein, we reviewed literature on plants that are traditionally used for their antimicrobial properties or possess promising anticariogenic activity. We selected aerial parts of <i>Scrophularia striata</i> (<i>S. striata</i>) and galls of <i>Quercus infectoria</i> (<i>Q. infectoria</i>) and investigated their antimicrobial activity against cariogenic microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Water soluble fractions were obtained from hydroalcoholic extracts of <i>S</i>. <i>striata</i> and <i>Q</i>. <i>infectoria</i> and their antimicrobial activity against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>), <i>Streptococcus sobrinus</i> (<i>S. sobrinus</i>), and <i>Candida albicans</i> (<i>C. albicans</i>) was evaluated separately and in combination. The extracts were then used for preparing an herbal mouthwash whose stability and tannic acid content were evaluated over 60 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Q</i>. <i>infectoria</i> gall extract possesses efficient antimicrobial activity that was synergistically enhanced in the presence of <i>S</i>. <i>striata</i> extract. Mouthwash prepared using these extracts showed desirable organoleptic characteristics, antimicrobial activity, and stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extracts of <i>S</i>. <i>striata</i> and <i>Q</i>. <i>infectoria</i> galls can be used together for preparing dental products with effective anticariogenic properties. Our study highlights the importance of extensive pharmacological investigations when using herbal products alone or in combination with other chemical substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/58/fb/jop-26-1-44.PMC10063423.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9594967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effects of Auraptene against Free Radical-Induced Erythrocytes Damage.","authors":"Khadijeh Jamialahmadi,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Amiri,&nbsp;Fatemeh Zahedipour,&nbsp;Fahimeh Faraji,&nbsp;Gholamreza Karimi","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Auraptene is the most abundant natural prenyloxycoumarin. Recent studies have shown that it has multiple biological and therapeutic properties, including antioxidant properties. Erythrocytes are constantly subjected to oxidative damage that can affect proteins and lipids within the erythrocyte membrane and lead to some hemoglobinopathies. Due to the lack of sufficient information about the antioxidant effects of auraptene on erythrocytes, this study intended to evaluate the potential of this compound in protecting radical-induced erythrocytes damages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antioxidant activity of auraptene was measured based on DPPH and FRAP assays. Notably, oxidative hemolysis of human erythrocytes was used as a model to study the ability of auraptene to protect biological membranes from free radical-induced damage. Also, the effects of auraptene in different concentrations (25-400 µM) on AAPH-induced lipid/protein peroxidation, glutathione (GSH) content and morphological changes of erythrocytes were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oxidative hemolysis and lipid/protein peroxidation of erythrocytes were significantly suppressed by auraptene in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Auraptene prevented the depletion of the cytosolic antioxidant GSH in erythrocytes. Furthermore, it inhibited lipid and protein peroxidation in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Likewise, FESEM results demonstrated that auraptene reduced AAPH-induced morphological changes in erythrocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Auraptene efficiently protects human erythrocytes against free radicals. Therefore, it can be a potent candidate for treating oxidative stress-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"25 4","pages":"344-353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/14/df/jop-25-4-344.PMC9806157.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9084276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Cytotoxic Responses Induced by Treatment of A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells with Sweet Bee Venom in a Dose-Dependent Manner.","authors":"Yu-Na Hwang,&nbsp;In-Seo Kwon,&nbsp;Han-Heom Na,&nbsp;Jin-Sung Park,&nbsp;Keun-Cheol Kim","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sweet bee venom (sBV) is purified from <i>Apis mellifera</i>, containing a high level of melittin-its main component. It has been used as a therapeutic agent for pain relief and anti-inflammation, as well as for treating neuronal abnormalities. Recently, there have been studies on the therapeutic application of sBV for anticancer treatment. In the present study, we investigated the pharmacological effect of sBV treatment in A549 human lung cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used microscopic analysis to observe the morphological changes in A549 cells after sBV treatment. The MTT assay was used to examine the cytotoxic effect after dose-dependent sBV treatment. Molecular changes in sBV were evaluated by the expression of apoptosis marker proteins using western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microscopic analysis suggested that the growth inhibitory effect occurred in a dose-dependent manner; however, cell lysis occurred at a concentration over 20 μg/mL of sBV. The MTT assay indicated that sBV treatment exhibited a growth inhibitory effect at a concentration over 5 μg/mL. On fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis, G0 dead cells were observed after G1 arrest at treatment concentrations up to 10 μg/mL. However, rapid cell rupture was observed at a concentration of 20 μg/mL. Western blot analysis demonstrated that sBV treatment modulated the expression of multiple cell death-related proteins, including cleaved-PARP, cleaved-caspase 9, p53, Bcl2, and Bax.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>sBV induced cell death in A549 human lung cancer cells at a pharmacological concentration, albeit causing hemolytic cell death at a high concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"25 4","pages":"390-395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f2/3a/jop-25-4-390.PMC9806155.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9084279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Fire Needling and Warm Needling on Acute Gout.","authors":"Ji Hye Hwang,&nbsp;Aejin Song,&nbsp;Ho-Sueb Song","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of heat stimuli (e.g., fire needling, warm needling) in acupuncture for acute gout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four international online databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched to identify randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) that used fire needling and warm needling for acute gout. The methodological quality of the RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias (RoB) tool. Thirteen RCTs (840 patients) were included and analyzed. Three evaluation tools (total effective rate, uric acid level, and pain score) were mainly used. Comparisons were made between Western medicine (WM) and i) fire needling or warm needling treatment alone, ii) fire needling and bloodletting combination treatment, iii) combination of fire needling, bloodletting, and herbal medicine, iv) warm needling (concurrently). Heat stimuli in acupuncture alone or in combination treatment were more effective in terms of the total efficacy rates, uric acid levels, and pain scores than WM alone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all the evaluation tools, the treatment effects in the fire needling alone or warm needling alone treatment group and the fire needling and bloodletting combination intervention group were significantly better than those in the WM control group. The warm needling and WM combination intervention groups also experienced significantly better treatment effects in terms of total efficacy rates and uric acid levels. Only the pain scores in the fire needling, bloodletting, and herbal medicine combination groups demonstrated significant improvement. Only four studies mentioned adverse reactions one reported loss of appetite; three studies reported none. According to the Cochrane RoB tool, most studies showed either high or uncertain RoB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Heat stimuli during acupuncture could be effective for acute gout. However, as the included studies were regionally biased, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm the level of evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"25 4","pages":"301-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0a/d8/jop-25-4-301.PMC9806158.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10870338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysaccharides Obtained from Vegetables: an effective source of alternative excipient.","authors":"Ananta Choudhury,&nbsp;Satyabrat Sarma,&nbsp;Snehashis Sarkar,&nbsp;Madhusmita Kumari,&nbsp;Biplab Kumar Dey","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymers are the major constructive material of pharmaceutical formulations that play a prime role in designing effective drug-delivery systems and releasing drugs at their sites of application. Polymers are composed of multiple repeating units of high molecular mass components with attendant properties. Most synthetic polymers are non-biocompatible, expensive, and extremely inclined to deliver adverse impacts. Meanwhile, edible polymers obtained from natural sources have gained remarkable recognition for their promising use in modern medicine. Moreover, polymers derived from natural sources are generally preferred due to certain of their unique features such as abundant availability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity, economical, safe, and effective functions that fit the purpose. Polysaccharides including starch, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, and mucilage are identified as a major class of naturally obtained molecules that have a substantial role as functional polymers. This review summarizes the potential role of polysaccharides derived from vegetable sources such as adhesives, anticaking agents, binders, disintegrants, emulsifiers, film-framing agents, and thickeners. This is simply an opportunity to abandon synthetic excipients that hurt our bodies and think back to nature from where we originate.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"25 4","pages":"317-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/9d/jop-25-4-317.PMC9806151.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9084278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement Effect of Soyeom Pharmacopuncture on Gout via NLRP3 Inflammasome Regulation.","authors":"Sung Wook Kim,&nbsp;Jun Ho Lee,&nbsp;Hyeonjin Kim,&nbsp;Seong Hoon Lee,&nbsp;Dajeong Jeong,&nbsp;Hyuk Soon Kim,&nbsp;Cheol-Jung Lee,&nbsp;Dae Yong Kim,&nbsp;Tae Han Yook,&nbsp;Gabsik Yang","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Gout is an inflammatory arthritis of the joints and soft tissues occurring due to deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, which are caused by persistent hyperuricemia. Soyeom pharmacopuncture is one treatment method that has been traditionally used for pain management in Oriental medicine. However, studies on its effect in reducing gout pain have been insufficient. Therefore, we selected Soyeom pharmacopuncture among natural products used in Korea as the new target of our study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of Soyeom pharmacopuncture were examined in mouse models of acute gout induced by injection of MSU crystals into footpads. IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α production were examined by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as hallmarks of NLRP3 inflammasome and cytokine activation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Soyeom pharmacopuncture reduced foot edema in gout-induced mice, as well as IL-1β, nitrite, IL-6, and TNF-α production. Moreover, Soyeom pharmacopuncture also reduced MSU-induced gout inflammatory gene expressions, specifically those in the NF-kB pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pharmacopuncture may serve as a new solution for other inflammatory diseases as well. Through active follow-up studies, we could thoroughly understand the clinical value of Soyeom pharmacopuncture.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"25 4","pages":"396-403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/67/16/jop-25-4-396.PMC9806156.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10870340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Chronic Toxicity of an Ayurvedic Herbo-Metallic Formulation Rasaraj Rasa in Wistar Rats.","authors":"Chaitali S Waghmare,&nbsp;Shivcharan R Bidve,&nbsp;Ramacharya V Gudi,&nbsp;Megha L Nalawade,&nbsp;Mukesh B Chawda","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2022.25.4.354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the adverse effects of Rasaraj Rasa tablets after repeated oral administration for 180 days in Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wistar rats were divided into five groups, of which three were treated with 54, 162, and 270 mg/kg body weight of Rasaraj Rasa, respectively, which correspond to one, three, and five times the proposed human therapeutic dose, for 180 days consecutively. The fifth group (satellite) also received 270 mg/kg body weight of Rasaraj Rasa for 180 days. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly. At the end of the study, all rats were sacrificed, and their blood, serum, and organs were collected and examined using hematology, serum biochemistry, gross pathology, and histopathology tests. In contrast, the satellite group was kept for 4 weeks after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant treatment-related toxicological findings were observed in the clinical features, body weight, laboratory findings, and pathological findings of the high-dose treated groups, when compared to those of the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The no-observed-adverse-effect-level for Rasaraj Rasa in Wistar rats is set at 270 mg/kg body weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"25 4","pages":"354-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a7/f9/jop-25-4-354.PMC9806152.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10870341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}