Journal of Pharmacopuncture最新文献

{"title":"The Chronic and Acute Toxicity of Traditional Medicines Containing <i>Terminalia chebula</i>.","authors":"Arongqiqige,&nbsp;Gerelmaa Enebish,&nbsp;Wang Song,&nbsp;Wei Cheng Xi,&nbsp;Anuujin Gantumur,&nbsp;Oyunbaatar Altanbayar,&nbsp;Hirofumi Shimomura,&nbsp;Battogtokh Chimeddorj,&nbsp;Batnairamdal Chuluun,&nbsp;Avarzed Amgalanbaatar","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong><i>Terminalia chebula</i>, the main ingredient of Altan Arur 5, has been used for many years in traditional medicine. This medicine is more effective than other drugs and is used to treat chronic gastritis and gastrointestinal disorders such as peptic ulcers and esophageal reflux. Other ingredients of Altan Arur 5 are <i>Punica granatum</i> (pomegranate), tulip seeds, black balm, and excreta of <i>Trogopterus xanthipes</i>. The main ingredients of <i>T. chebula</i> are antibacterial and analgesic in traditional medicine. Despite having been used for many years and although many studies have been conducted on the beneficial effects of this medicine and its ingredients, the toxicity of Altan Arur 5 has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to study the toxicity of Altan Arur 5 to ensure that it is safe to use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Acute and chronic toxicity of Altan Arur 5 were assessed in 10 Kunming mice and 8 Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively, in different doses. In the acute toxicity study, Altan Arur 5 was orally administered to Kunming mice in doses of 12 g/kg, 24 g/kg, and 48 g/kg for 14 days. In the chronic toxicity study, it was orally administered to Sprague-Dawley rats in doses of 1.25 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg, and 5 g/kg for 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed in the relative organ weights for mice treated with Altan Arur 5 compared with those in the control group. Furthermore, no macro- or microstructural changes were noted in the organs of any group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our toxicity testing revealed that the traditional medicine Altan Arur 5 has no toxic effects in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"18-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/df/d9/jop-26-1-18.PMC10063424.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9246836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Shugan Jieyu Capsule against Psychiatric Symptoms in Epilepsy: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Sejin Kim,&nbsp;Yunna Kim,&nbsp;Seung-Hun Cho","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.38","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Psychiatric symptoms in epilepsy are very common, and the most common symptoms are depression, insomnia, and anxiety. These symptoms not only lower the quality of life of epilepsy patients, but also elevate the risk of epileptic seizures. There are no specific criteria for the available antiepileptic drugs to ameliorate these symptoms in patients with epilepsy, and there is a lack of evidence to support the efficacy and safety of existing drugs. The Shugan Jieyu capsule (SJC) is a traditional herbal medicine composed of Acanthopanax senticosus and Hypericum perforatum and is reported to be effective in relieving psychiatric symptoms. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of SJC as a treatment for psychiatric symptoms in epilepsy patients. Methods Electronic databases will be investigated for publications in English, Korean, Japanese, and Chinese. The participants of the study are epilepsy patients with psychiatric symptoms diagnosed using any validated criteria. All types of controls will be compared—placebo, conventional treatments, and no treatment—to groups treated with SJC or modified SJC. We will measure the degree of improvement in psychiatric symptoms and check epileptic symptoms, such as the frequency of seizures. The study selection and data extraction will be performed by two independent reviewers, who will also assess methodological quality using the risk-of-bias tool by Cochrane. We will use Review Manager software (RevMan) to carry out all statistical analyses. Results This systematic review and meta-analysis will be performed in accordance with the PRISMA-P statement. Conclusion This systematic review is the first study to assess the efficacy and safety of SJC for the treatment of psychiatric symptoms in epilepsy. We expect that this study will provide clinically applicable evidence for patients with epilepsy when selecting drug treatments.","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7e/87/jop-26-1-38.PMC10063419.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9246839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Study of a Patient with Trigger Finger after Conducting Pharmacopuncture according to the Progress.","authors":"Jeong Ho Huh,&nbsp;Dong Heon Lee,&nbsp;Jun Young Lee,&nbsp;Ju Hwa Jeong,&nbsp;Seok Hee Kim,&nbsp;Kyung Jin Lee,&nbsp;Tae Han Yook,&nbsp;Kyeong Han Kim","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.99","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our study purpose was to report the clinical application of five different pharmacopunctures (Sweet BV, Scolopendrae Corpus, Chukyu, Cervi Parvum Cornu, and Hominis Placenta) for trigger finger. A patient was admitted to Ba-reun-mom S Korean Medicine Clinic and diagnosed with trigger finger. Because the effects of each pharmacopuncture have been confirmed in various acute to chronic cases, we treated a patient diagnosed with trigger finger using pharmacopunctures Sweet BV and Scolopendrae Corpus at the acute phase, Chukyu pharmacopuncture at the acute to chronic phase, and pharmacopunctures Cervi Parvum Cornu and Hominis Placenta at the chronic phase. This case was measured and assessed by Quinnell's classification of triggering and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. After treatment, the patient's fifth finger pain and function were improved. The VAS score decreased from 5 to 0. The Quinnell's classification of triggering score decreased from 2 to 0. This case indicated that a patient with trigger finger could be treated by five pharmacopuncture treatments according to the treatment regimen and disease progress.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"99-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1a/0e/jop-26-1-99.PMC10063416.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9240910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Korean Medicine Online Program on Mental Health.","authors":"Hye In Jeong,&nbsp;Kyeong Han Kim","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.77","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 has deteriorated mental health, particularly in mothers with elementary school children. Although the country has developed several health promotion programs to preserve mental health, no program has incorporated Korean medicine. Thus, this study focuses on developing vital Korean medicine mental health care programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The program follows the Korean medicine health promotion program principles. Guidelines, reports, research, and previous programs were analyzed to form interventions and lecture content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pellets, hot packs, meditation, lavender oil, and green tea were selected as final intervention strategies. Mental health-related guidelines were analyzed to produce stress management lecture materials. In addition, an operational methods and evaluation tool manual was created.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We designed a health promotion program capitalizing on Korean medicine to improve mental health. This program will be assessed and accordingly improved through practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"77-85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/eb/45/jop-26-1-77.PMC10063415.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9240911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home Healthcare Service Awareness Survey for Korean Medicine Doctors: a survey study.","authors":"Hye In Jeong,&nbsp;Taegwang Nam,&nbsp;Minhui Hong,&nbsp;Kyeong Han Kim","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.60","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Discussions regarding \"medical blind spots\" in Korea's \"aging society\" are continuously rising. In addition, the demand for medical attention and care for the elderly and vulnerable populations continues to increase. Given this, the government is promoting the \"home healthcare service\" project. This study aims to lay the foundation for promoting this project by investigating the perception of clinical Korean Medicine (KM) doctors in the \"community health care\" project.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>With the cooperation of the Association of Korean Medicine, we sent a questionnaire to all KM doctors through e-mail. The survey included personal information, awareness, appropriate disease and intervention, proper visit location, and pros and cons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 602 responses were collected and analyzed. Approximately 20% of the doctors answered that they were well aware of the service, while 55% responded that they did not know about it. For a visit, a KM doctor selected the appropriate diseases in the order of stroke, dementia and Parkinson's disease, osteoarthritis, and chronic diseases. Among treatments, acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal medicine exhibited similar results. The most common opinion was that KM doctors should schedule their visits once a week for 6-12 months, which was the most prolonged period among the given options. More than 80% (84.1%) of the doctors replied that care projects were highly essential, and about 63.8% expressed their willingness to participate in these projects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To provide appropriate home health care, we must raise awareness among Korean medicine doctors. In addition, the healthcare budget must be increased to provide the required support.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"60-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4f/b2/jop-26-1-60.PMC10063417.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9240915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Clinical and Preclinical Studies on the Therapeutic Potential of Black Seeds (<i>Nigella sativa</i>) in the Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS).","authors":"Rajkapoor Balasubramanian,&nbsp;Naina Mohamed Pakkir Maideen,&nbsp;Sudha Muthusamy,&nbsp;Mirunalini Gobinath","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that occurs frequently among women of reproductive age and is a polygenic, multifactorial, endocrine, and metabolic disorder. PCOS is becoming more common as a result of risk factors such as current lifestyle, overnutrition, and stress. The use of traditional herbal medicine is higher among the global population. Hence, this review article focuses on the potential of <i>Nigella sativa</i> to manage women with PCOS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was carried out using databases including Medline, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Embase, and Science Direct, as well as reference lists, to identify relevant publications that support the use of <i>N. sativa</i> in the management of women with PCOS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that the major bioactive constituent of black seed (<i>N. sativa</i>), thymoquinone, has potential for managing women with PCOS. Moreover, <i>N. sativa</i> may help to manage oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea in women with PCOS through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>N. sativa</i> has potential for use as a herbal medicine for managing women with PCOS as an integrative medicine along with traditional and modern medicine in conjunction with calorie restriction and regular exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d0/f1/jop-26-1-1.PMC10063426.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9240917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suggested Integrative Approach for Hand Abscess with Cupping Therapy: a case study.","authors":"Emad Ahmed Fathy Hussein,&nbsp;Shahira Hassan Ibrahim Negm,&nbsp;Tabish Ishaq Shaikh,&nbsp;Ahmed Helmy Saleh","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.94","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A forty-three-year-old male patient was diagnosed with an acute abscess in the dorsum of the right hand. On the 5th day of conventional pharmacological therapy the patient was still suffering, and was referred to the Outpatient department (OPD) to evacuate and drain the abscess and treat the edema around the area with Hijama (wet cupping therapy, WCT). The hand abscess was successfully cured within a week using an integrative approach of wet cupping therapy together with conventional drug therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"94-98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8d/6a/jop-26-1-94.PMC10063414.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9246833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Dose Intramuscular Toxicity Test Using No-Pain Pharmacopuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats.","authors":"Ji Hye Hwang,&nbsp;Chul Jung","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.86","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the potential toxicity of a recently developed and clinically used No-Pain pharmacopuncture (NPP) solution. We also assessed the lethal dose of the NPP agent following a single intramuscular injection in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Animals were divided into two groups the NPP test material group and the normal saline control group. A single intramuscular injection of the NPP agent (1.0 mL/animal) was administered to rats of the NPP test material group. The control group rats received the same volume of normal saline. Both female and male rats were included in each group. All rats were monitored for clinical signs and body weight changes for 14 days after administration of the test substance or saline. At the end of the observation period, a gross necropsy was conducted and localized tolerance at the injection site was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No mortality was observed in the NPP test material and control groups. Moreover, no test substance-related effects were observed on clinical signs, body weight, necropsy findings, and localized tolerance at the injection site.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The approximate lethal dose of the NPP agent is greater than 1.0 mL/animal under the conditions used in this study. Additional toxicity evaluations and clinical studies are needed to confirm the safety of NPP use in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"86-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6a/54/jop-26-1-86.PMC10063425.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9240913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical, Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Moroccan <i>Arbutus unedo</i> Leaves.","authors":"Latifa Doudach,&nbsp;Hanae Naceiri Mrabti,&nbsp;Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli,&nbsp;Mohamed Reda Kachmar,&nbsp;Kaoutar Benrahou,&nbsp;Hamza Assaggaf,&nbsp;Ahmed Qasem,&nbsp;Emad Mohamed Abdallah,&nbsp;Bodour Saeed Rajab,&nbsp;Khouloud Harraqui,&nbsp;Mouna Mekkaoui,&nbsp;Abdelhakim Bouyahya,&nbsp;Moulay El Abbes Faouzi","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Moroccan <i>Arbutus unedo</i> is an essential medicinal plant; however, little is known about the biological properties of its leaves mentioned in Moroccan traditional medicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Various standard experiments were performed to evaluate the phytochemical, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and acute and sub-chronic toxicity characteristics of <i>A. unedo</i> leaves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phytochemical screening led to the identification of several phytochemical classes, including tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and anthraquinones, with high concentrations of polyphenols (31.83 ± 0.29 mg GAEs/g extract) and flavonoids (16.66 ± 1.47 mg REs/g extract). Further, the mineral analysis revealed high levels of calcium and potassium. <i>A. unedo</i> extract demonstrated significant antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities by inhibiting α-amylase (1.350 ± 0.32 g/mL) and α-glucosidase (0.099 ± 1.21 g/mL) compared to the reference drug Acarbose. Also, the methanolic extract of the plant exhibited significantly higher antibacterial activity than the aqueous extract. Precisely, three of the four examined bacterial strains exhibited substantial susceptibility to the methanolic extract . Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values indicated that <i>A. unedo</i> harbor abundant bactericidal compounds. For toxicological studies, mice were administered with <i>A. unedo</i> aqueous extract at single doses of 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg. They did not exhibit significant abnormal behavior, toxic symptoms, or death during the 14-day acute toxicity test and the 90-day sub-chronic toxicity test periods. The general behavior, body weight, and hematological and biochemical status of the rats were assessed, revealing no toxicological symptoms or clinically significant changes in biological markers observed in the mice models, except hypoglycemia, after 90 days of daily dose administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlighted several biological advantages of <i>A. unedo</i> leaves without toxic effects in short-term application. Our findings suggest that conducting more comprehensive and extensive <i>in vivo</i> investigations is of utmost importance to identify molecules that can be formulated into pharmaceuticals in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/12/jop-26-1-27.PMC10063422.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9234409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Effect of <i>Allium ampeloprasum</i> and <i>Allium porrum</i> Extracts on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>.","authors":"Shahin Gavanji,&nbsp;Azizollah Bakhtari,&nbsp;Hojjat Baghshahi,&nbsp;Zahra Hamami Chamgordani,&nbsp;Akram Sadeghi","doi":"10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2023.26.1.53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The most prominent microorganisms that cause hospital infections and acquire antibiotic resistance are <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. The present study aimed to compare the phenolic and flavonoid compounds of various <i>Allium ampeloprasum</i> and <i>Allium porrum</i> extracts and evaluate the antibacterial effects of these extracts against these two microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the acetone, methanol, aqueous, and hexane leeks extracts from <i>A. ampeloprasum</i> and <i>A. porrum</i> were measured. The antibacterial activity of these extracts against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was tested using the disk diffusion method for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Further, the minimum inhibitory concentrations and the minimum bactericidal concentrations of these extracts for these two bacteria were evaluated and compared with those of common antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The aqueous extracts showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents and at concentrations of 35 and 40 mg per disk, showed the most antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>; <i>P. aeruginosa</i> showed more sensitivity to the aqueous extracts than <i>S. aureus</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aqueous <i>A. ampeloprasum</i> and <i>A. porrum</i> extracts may prevent the growth of hospital pathogens, especially <i>P. aeruginosa</i>; our findings will aid the discovery of new antimicrobial substances against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":16769,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacopuncture","volume":"26 1","pages":"53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f5/8e/jop-26-1-53.PMC10063418.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9241553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}