Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Scientometric analysis of research productivity in clinical pharmacy and practice: a 12-year review at a Middle Eastern university.","authors":"Ikram Zoukh, Myrna Tabet, Ahmed Awaisu","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2480154","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2480154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Assessing faculty research productivity through scientometric analysis is crucial for academic institutions to promote and enhance research activities. Scientometric analysis guides institutional goals, identifies gaps and faculty contributions, and influences career development in academia. With advancements in the clinical pharmacy and practice field and Qatar's evolving research infrastructure, this study aimed to evaluate the research productivity and quality indicators of a clinical pharmacy and practice department at Qatar University through scientometric analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Research articles published between 2012 and 2024 were retrieved using Web of Science (WoS) via InCites, Scopus via SciVal, and Google Scholar. Metrics analysed included total publications, journal impact factor, Q ranking, subject area coverage, and collaborations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one faculty members produced 1,266 articles indexed in WoS, 1,270 in Scopus, and 1,737 in Google Scholar. The average annual publication rate was 5 articles per faculty member, resulting to an average of 41 publications per faculty member over their tenure. Active publication years accounted for 85% of faculty tenures. Furthermore, research output and productivity increased steadily, with the highest publication output observed between 2021 and 2023. Most publications appeared in journals with Q1 or Q2 rankings, with the <i>International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy</i> and <i>Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy</i> being the most frequently targeted outlets. Publications covered diverse topics and subject areas, including pharmacy practice, health education, patient and medication safety, and chronic disease management. Database comparisons revealed differences in retrieval rates, journal impact indicators, and Q-rankings, with Google Scholar having the highest retrieval rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This scientometric analysis highlights the research contributions and growth trajectory of clinical pharmacy and practice faculty, emphasising quality and opportunities for future advancements. The findings provide a benchmark for regional and global trends in clinical pharmacy research and offer actionable insights for researchers, academic institutions, and policymakers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2480154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-rater reliability and validity of supervision performance assessment and recognition (SPARS) indicators to assess medicines management in public health facilities in Nepal.","authors":"Santusta Adhikari, Anup Bastola, Reekesh Shrestha, Narendra Kumar Khanal, Birna Trap","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2477098","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2477098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nepal's Ministry of Health and Population piloted the Supervision, Performance Assessment, and Recognition Strategy (SPARS), a multipronged strategy to improve medicines management practices in health facilities. Medicines management supervisors (MMS) periodically assess facility performance using 25 indicators grouped into 5 domains - prescribing, dispensing, ordering and reporting quality and stock and storage management - and provide targeted on-the-job coaching. This study aimed to determine inter-rater reliability (IRR) and validity for SPARS indicators in Nepali context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed IRR and validity scores with three rater teams assessing medicines management in six public health posts. Each team of three MMS and one technical advisor evaluated two facilities, resulting in 24 total assessments. We calculated the mean and median validity and IRR scores for SPARS overall, and by domain and indicator. Acceptable scores were mean validity and IRR scores ≥75%, moderately acceptable were 50-75%, and unacceptable were <50%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean overall IRR (60%) and validity (74%) of all 25 SPARS indicators were significantly different (<i>p</i> < 0.003) but not by domain. Three domains related to dispensing, ordering and reporting, and storage had acceptable mean validity scores, while the prescribing quality domain had an unacceptable mean IRR score. We found significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) between the indicator IRR and validity acceptability scores. Four (16%) and 12 (48%) of the SPARS indicators had acceptable reproducibility and validity, respectively; 8 (33%) IRR scores and 1 (4%) validity score were unacceptable. Simple indicators (67%) had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.02) higher reproducibility compared to complex indicators (42%), and higher validity of 80% and 72%, respectively, which was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that the SPARS indicators produce moderately accurate findings. Validity was significantly higher than IRR and both need improvement, especially for complex indicators. As such, future SPARS implementation should endeavour to include validity and IRR assessments to help improve the indicators.</p>","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2477098"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From awareness to acceptance: understanding HPV and vaccine knowledge, attitudes and beliefs among university students in Punjab, Pakistan.","authors":"Naveel Atif, Furqan Khurshid Hashmi, Usman Rashid Malik, Mohsin Ahmad Ghauri, Ali Hassan Gillani, Mukhtar Kadirhaz, Minghuan Jiang, Jie Chang, Yu Fang","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2473023","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2473023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections can lead to various cancers globally, and immunization can prevent HPV-associated cancers. This study intended to evaluate university students' knowledge, awareness, and attitudes/beliefs toward HPV and HPV vaccine uptake in Punjab, Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in ten institutes across six cities using pre-validated questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and Rasch analysis were utilized to describe awareness levels, knowledge, and attitudes scores respectively. Regression analysis was utilized to explore association between demographic factors, knowledge levels, and attitudes/ beliefs. SPSS® (IBM, version 23.0) and Winstep® (version 3.75.0) software were used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1200 students approached, 1056 responded (response rate 88.0%). The mean age of students was 19.5 ± 0.5 years; 31.3% had heard about HPV, 16.4% were aware of the HPV vaccine's availability, and 2.3% were vaccinated against HPV. The mean Rasch knowledge score was -0.368 logits (SD: 0.893; SEM: 0.027), depicting below-average HPV knowledge. The mean Rasch attitudes/beliefs score was 0.049 logits (SD: 1.013; SEM: 0.031), which depicted positive attitudes towards HPV and its vaccination. Females (OR:1.742; 95%CI: 1.352-2.320), health-sciences students (OR: 1.692; 95%CI: 1.290-2.220), and urban residents (OR:1.621; 95%CI: 1.244-2.223) possessed positive attitudes towards HPV vaccination. Recommendations from physicians (Median: 4.0; IQR: 4.0-5.0) followed by parents (Median: 4.0; IQR: 3.0-5.0), and friends (Median: 4.0; IQR: 3.0-4.0) shaped vaccination decisions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite their inadequate knowledge levels and poor vaccine uptake, students showed positive attitudes towards HPV vaccination. Awareness about HPV, including testing and vaccination, should be raised through community outreach programs, social media, and university curricula.</p>","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2473023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NHS England invites 75-80-year-olds for their first respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines - why should not those in their 80s be included too?","authors":"Hamid A Merchant","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2477761","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2477761","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2477761"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descriptive analysis of the national drug adverse events (AEs) database in Lebanon.","authors":"Rita Karam, Sarah Reda El Sayed, Aya Ibrahim, Joya-Maria Karam, Souheil Hallit, Abeer Zeitoun","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2473014","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2473014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse Events (AE) including both Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) and Medication Errors (MEs) are worldwide health issues tackled by Pharmacovigilance (PV) systems. In Lebanon, ADRs and MEs are monitored by the Lebanese National Pharmacovigilance Program (LNPVP) implemented under the supervision of the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) to ensure the post-marketing surveillance of each authorised medication. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the prevalence of detected AEs within the Lebanese population in a descriptive analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective analysis-based study that describes collected national AE cases for all marketed medications as well as medications in the pre-marketed phase as part of clinical studies in Lebanon, the LNPVP data system spontaneously received that from Marketing Authorisation Holders (MAHs) between 2018 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Since the initiation of the LNPVP programme, a total of 21,631 Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) have been processed; 3,855 of which were excluded and the remaining 17,776 ICSRs are the subject of this paper and correspond to 37,768 AEs associated with medications authorised for use in Lebanon. Among respondents, 55.3% were females, whereas 37.9% were associated with males. In addition, the LNPVP has received a total of 1,961 cases of suspected medication errors, constituting 5.2% of the overall reported AEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results showed that Lebanon, a country that suffers from a turbulent economic and health context, was able to implement a PV system and operate with efficiency while evaluating a 5-year worth of ICSR reports. The dissemination of this information promotes stakeholder awareness by encouraging a collaborative approach among patients, healthcare providers, and regulatory authorities in Lebanon. However, further research is warranted to investigate factors contributing to MEs in Lebanon.</p>","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2473014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of affordability to essential medicines for coronary heart disease in Ukraine.","authors":"Natalia Bilousova, Natalia Tkachenko, Nataliia Kozhuharyova, Maryna Dolzhenko","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2470841","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2470841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The issue of population access to medicines is relevant worldwide. Pandemics, natural disasters, wars negatively affect the population's access to medicines, as emphasised by the WHO and the UN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analysis of scientific publications in the Ukrainian scientometric databases (NRAT, OUCI); Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, Medline, BMJ and Embase; the legal field for providing medical care to patients with CHD and comorbid conditions and its pharmaceutical component. The EML of Europe and Ukraine are compared; the clinical recommendations and pharmacotherapy of European/American Societies of Cardiology (ESC/AHA) and Ukrainian for patients with CHD and comorbid conditions are compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prices of medicines that are not part of the 'Affordable Medicines' program and are included in the EML lists were analysed; their availability for Ukrainian patients in wartime conditions was determined. The legal field of providing medical care to patients with CHD and comorbid conditions has been formed. It was established that not all medicines specified in the EML are registered on the territory of Ukraine and included in the Program of Medical Guarantees (PMG).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PMG includes most of the EML medicines. The modern pharmacotherapy of CHD and comorbid conditions has a positive impact on the budget of the health care system in clinical practice proposed by the ESC/AHA was determined. The lists of medicines in the PMG in Ukraine, need to be revised on the basis of the Health Technology Assessment for further inclusion in the state program 'Affordable Medicines' for long-term use by patients with CHD and comorbid conditions. These measures will improve the quality of pharmaceutical care for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2470841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The paradox of community pharmacy practice in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).","authors":"Nadir Kheir","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2475082","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2475082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community pharmacies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are widely accessible yet underutilized due to regulatory constraints, educational disparities, public misconceptions, and economic pressures. These factors limit pharmacists' roles to mere dispensers, hindering their integration into healthcare systems. Addressing this paradox requires regulatory reforms, alignment of education with practice, public awareness campaigns, and systemic integration to fully leverage community pharmacies' potential in enhancing healthcare delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2475082"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions, attitudes and experiences of hospital pharmacists working in the private sector regarding drug shortage in Lebanon: a national cross-sectional study.","authors":"Hadi Hallal, Maha Hoteit, Souheil Hallit, Mahmoud Hallal","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2464786","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2464786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Our objective was to assess the perception, attitudes, and experiences of Lebanese hospital pharmacists in everyday practice regarding the drug shortage as well as to identify challenges and propose solutions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted between February and June 2021, enrolling 36 Lebanese hospital pharmacists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The economic crisis and issues with the quality of medicines were ranked as the top two causes of drug shortages in Lebanese hospitals; 88.9% of hospital pharmacists thought that switching to lower doses and using alternatives (97.2%) can be considered viable solutions. To address the issue of drug shortages, efforts made by manufacturers were 36.1%; the availability of alternative drugs in hospitals was 63.9%. All classes of drugs were shorted in hospitals. Hospital pharmacists spent less than 5 h/day to track medicine shortages (44.5%), identifying alternatives (97.3%), purchasing alternatives (91.7%), deliberating with physicians (91.7%). Pharamcists approached 'the parallel import' approach (75%) and contacted other hospitals (52.8%) to insure medicines alternatives.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Drug shortages in Lebanon are driven by various factors and have been increasing across governorates. Public health is the most impacted, especially for patients requiring intensive care, which consequently affects their quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2464786"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to single-inhaler triple medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China: a national survey on accessibility and utilisation.","authors":"Wei Li, Wei Guo, Hongdou Chen, Wei Lu, Shule Yu, Menglei Wang, Fangfang Zheng, Huanhuan Wu, Qingqing Yang","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2466215","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2466215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The maintenance medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) and long-acting β2-agonists (LABA). Budesonide/glycopyrronium/formoterol (BUD/GLY/FOR) and fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) are two representative drugs for prefixed ICS/LAMA/LABA association in a single inhaler and have shown comparable efficacy and safety with other ICS/LAMA/LABA open combination therapies in patients with moderate-to-very severe COPD. This study aimed to investigate the availability, price, affordability, and utilisation of single-inhaler triple medicines for COPD in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quarterly data about the use of BUD/GLY/FOR and FF/UMEC/VI from 2020 to 2022 were collected from the Chinese Medicine Economic Information Network. We used the adjusted World Health Organization and Health Action International methodology to calculate the availability and affordability of the two investigated medicines in 596 tertiary general hospitals and 299 secondary general hospitals in 31 provincial administrative regions in China.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The availability and consumption of BUD/GLY/FOR were significantly higher than those of FF/UMEC/VI during the study period. At the end of 2022, the availability of BUD/GLY/FOR and FF/UMEC/VI in tertiary general hospitals was 69.80% and 52.01% respectively, while in secondary general hospitals, it was 52.51% and 28.76% respectively. Both medications were equally affordable at 1.3 days of the minimum wage after reimbursement in 2022. In the first quarter of 2021, with the inclusion of both drugs in the Medicare catalog, their DDDc decreased significantly, which was accompanied by notable improvements in their availability, affordability and consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The overall accessibility and consumption of BUD/GLY/FOR and FF/UMEC/VI were improved in China from 2020 to 2022. The implementation of the national drug price negotiation policy reduces the cost of drugs in China and plays an important role in improving the availability of the investigated drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2466215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1925-2025: a century of international pharmaceutical law.","authors":"Kenzi Riboulet-Zemouli","doi":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2470840","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20523211.2025.2470840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 1925 Brussels Pharmacopoeia Agreement and Geneva Opium Convention were foundational in shaping international pharmaceutical regulation. The former sought to standardise potent medicines, while the latter established controls over psychoactive substances. Despite differing objectives, both treaties influenced global pharmaceutical governance, contributing to modern regulatory frameworks and standards such as those of WHO or the European Pharmacopoeia. A century later, the year 2025 is witness to turbulent shifts in geopolitics and global health governance, but also revived contemporary debates on drug policy and traditional medicines. This letter revisits the seldom-documented history and impact of international pharmacy law, highlighting the relevance of these two pioneering treaties to evolving pharmaceutical governance and international health law.</p>","PeriodicalId":16740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"2470840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}