Journal of Personalized Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Extending the Indications of Cochlear Implantation in Adults with Single-Sided Deafness. A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Christos Tsilivigkos, Eleftherios Ferekidis, Marios Stavrakas","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070354","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>: Cochlear implantation is a well-established treatment for adults with bilateral postlingual deafness. In recent years, increasing research attention has focused on its use in patients with single-sided deafness (SSD) with or without tinnitus. Restoration of binaural auditory input through cochlear implantation may partially reestablish binaural processing. <b>Methods</b>: We conducted a narrative review of the literature focusing on studies examining the basic mechanisms associated with hearing impairment in SSD, as well as cochlear implantation outcomes in this population, including hearing performance, tinnitus suppression, and quality of life (QoL). We also reviewed comparative studies between cochlear implants (CIs) and alternative hearing devices, along with current candidacy criteria and the challenges associated with cochlear implantation in this patient group. <b>Results</b>: Current evidence suggests that CIs can provide significant benefits in this population, including tinnitus reduction or suppression, improved speech perception in both quiet and noise, enhanced sound localization, and better disease-specific and overall QoL. Furthermore, numerous studies-despite some variability in outcomes-indicate that CIs may offer superior performance compared with alternative options, such as contralateral routing of signals hearing aids (CROS-HAs) and bone-conduction devices, particularly in terms of speech perception, localization, tinnitus control, and aspects of QoL. Nevertheless, appropriate candidacy criteria and key challenges-most notably device non-use-should be carefully considered when evaluating cochlear implantation in this patient population. <b>Conclusions</b>: Further research is required to address these challenges and to advance a more personalized approach to cochlear implantation in individuals with SSD, with the aim of optimizing outcomes and reducing cochlear implant non-use.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First- and Second-Trimester Cardiovascular Anomalies in Trisomy 21 Fetuses: Anatomy, Embryology, Genetics and Imaging.","authors":"Mariangela Pati, Immacolata Blasi, Giovanna Botticelli, Andrea Musarò, Flavio Vanacore, Giulia Galeati, Lorenzo Aguzzoli, Maria Paola Bonasoni","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070358","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Trisomy 21 (T21) is strongly associated with congenital heart disease, particularly atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD) and selected conotruncal and arch anomalies. First- and second-trimester ultrasound, Doppler and fetal cardiac MRI enable increasingly early and detailed characterization of these lesions, while advances in molecular cardiogenesis have linked specific phenotypes to dosage-sensitive genes on chromosome 21. <b>Methods</b>: This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence on structural and functional cardiovascular anomalies in T21 fetuses in the first and second trimester, integrating fetal echocardiography, Doppler assessment and fetal cardiac MRI with embryologic and molecular insights, and summarizing trimester-specific detectability and pathophysiologic links to candidate genes in the Down syndrome-critical region. Approximately one quarter to one third of T21 fetuses have major congenital heart disease on high-quality prenatal echocardiography, with AVSD representing about half of all lesions and VSD, tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), arch anomalies, venous return abnormalities and functional markers (increased nuchal translucency, tricuspid regurgitation, ductus venosus abnormalities) comprising the remainder. <b>Results</b>: First-trimester detection relies on functional markers and early four-chamber and outflow-tract views, whereas second-trimester studies refine anatomic definition and hemodynamics, with MRI reserved for complex cases. Overexpression of genes such as DSCAM, COL6A1/COL6A2, DYRK1A and RCAN1 perturbs endocardial cushion, conotruncal and vascular development. <b>Conclusions:</b> Early, protocol-driven cardiac imaging in T21 supports timely diagnosis, risk stratification and multidisciplinary counselling, and links fetal imaging phenotypes with chromosome 21 gene dosage to advance personalized management and future genotype-phenotype research.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13413200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Luis Chauca Bajaña, Tatiana Cruz Moreno, Diego Quiguango Farias, Sandra Vélez Cevallos, Eliana Pazmiño Troncoso, Alisson Juiña Jaime, Mauricio Rosales Pavón, Byron Velásquez Ron","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070357","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are multifactorial musculoskeletal conditions frequently associated with chronic pain, inflammation, and functional impairment. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress may contribute to the pathophysiology of TMD, and salivary biomarkers have emerged as a promising non-invasive approach for evaluating these biological alterations. <b>Objective:</b> This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate and quantitatively synthesize the available evidence regarding salivary oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with temporomandibular disorders compared with healthy controls. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines and prospectively registered in PROSPERO. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Observational studies and clinical trials evaluating salivary oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with TMD were included. The primary biomarkers assessed were malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and catalase activity (CAT). Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently performed by two reviewers using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and RoB 2 tool when applicable. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using weighted or standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Included studies demonstrated substantial methodological variability regarding TMD diagnostic criteria, saliva collection protocols, biomarker assays, and sampling conditions. <b>Results:</b> Pooled analyses showed significantly elevated salivary malondialdehyde levels in patients with TMD compared with healthy controls, suggesting increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress activity. In contrast, total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity demonstrated inconsistent and non-significant findings across studies. Considerable heterogeneity was identified among studies, limiting the comparability and interpretability of pooled estimates. Salivary oxidative stress biomarkers, particularly malondialdehyde, appear to be associated with temporomandibular disorders and may reflect underlying oxidative and inflammatory mechanisms. <b>Conclusions:</b> However, substantial methodological heterogeneity and lack of standardized protocols currently limit their clinical applicability. Future well-designed longitudinal studies using harmonized diagnostic and analytical methodologies are required to clarify their translational value in TMD assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13413010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Models of Perinatal Palliative Care for Pregnant Women and Their Fetuses with Life-Limiting Conditions: A Literature Review.","authors":"Daniela Valle Almeida Figueredo, Silvia de Lourdes Loreto Faquini, Edward Araujo Júnior, Tammy Caram Sabatine, Gustavo Yano Callado, Antonio Braga, Roberta Granese, Alex Sandro Rolland Souza","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070353","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>: To review the literature on palliative care protocols and models of care for pregnant women and their fetuses with life-limiting conditions. <b>Methods</b>: A narrative literature review was conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Virtual Health Library (VHL)-BIREME/SciELO/LILACS, using the descriptors \"palliative care\" and \"prenatal care\". Studies of all designs published between February 2015 and May 2025 were considered for inclusion. Articles in languages other than Portuguese, English, and Spanish, duplicates, and those that did not discuss care protocols or experiences in perinatal palliative care for life-limiting fetal conditions starting from prenatal care were excluded. Articles were selected through title, abstract, and full-text screening. <b>Results</b>: Twenty-one studies focused on prenatal care were selected, presenting protocols and experiences of care in palliative fetal medicine. Most addressed the diagnosis of life-limiting fetal malformations, prenatal care, birth and delivery plan, perinatal grief and the puerperium. Across the included studies, a recurring emphasis on individualized, patient and family-centered approaches was identified, reflecting core principles of personalized medicine. Tailoring communication, care planning, and bereavement support to the specific clinical, genetic, cultural, and psychosocial profile of each dyad emerged as a structural characteristic of effective perinatal palliative care models. <b>Conclusions</b>: There is a scarcity of specific palliative care protocols for pregnancy, indicating a need to expand studies. The reviewed literature can contribute to the creation and adaptation of palliative care protocols and models for pregnant women and their fetuses with life-limiting conditions, may support more consistent care planning, improved communication, and better alignment with parental values.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTED: Zito Marino et al. AXL and MET Tyrosine Kinase Receptors Co-Expression as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. <i>J. Pers. Med.</i> 2022, <i>12</i>, 1993.","authors":"Federica Zito Marino, Carminia Maria Della Corte, Vincenza Ciaramella, Stefania Erra, Andrea Ronchi, Alfonso Fiorelli, Giovanni Vicidomini, Mario Santini, Giosuè Scognamiglio, Floriana Morgillo, Fortunato Ciardiello, Renato Franco, Marina Accardo","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070356","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The journal retracts the article titled \"AXL and MET Tyrosine Kinase Receptors Co-Expression as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma\" [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13326614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148368827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Available Biomarkers for Personalized Prognostication in Early and Very Early Systemic Sclerosis: A Narrative Review of the Current Literature.","authors":"Isabel Dirven, Marre W Kamminga, Lise M Verhoef, Rogier M Thurlings, Ruben L Smeets, Arjan van Caam, Madelon C Vonk","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070355","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, vasculopathy, and fibrosis. It is associated with the highest mortality among rheumatic diseases. Very early SSc may represent a critical phase with risk of developing progressive disease. Although timely treatment may be effective in patients with progressive disease, it carries risks of adverse events, underscoring the need for early identification of individuals at risk. Biomarkers for progression in the early stage offer opportunities for timely intervention and improved long-term outcomes. Therefore, validating biomarkers that predict progression is an important research priority. In this narrative literature review, we summarize and evaluate blood circulating biomarkers associated with different progression endpoints in (very) early SSc. <b>Methods:</b> The literature search was conducted using PubMed. Eligible studies assessed biomarkers in very early SSc or early SSc cohorts with longitudinal follow-up and progression-related outcomes. <b>Results</b>: The identified studies investigated biomarkers associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD), skin progression, overall disease progression, and mortality. Anti-topoisomerase I was associated with ILD development. A high interferon score was linked to reduced lung function and mortality. KL-6 was associated with progression in early SSc-ILD. PRO-C3 and PRO-C6 showed the strongest associations with skin involvement. Finally, IgG anti-centromere antibody was associated with organ involvement and progression to definite SSc. CXCL10 and TNFRII were linked to progression and significant survival differences in the discovery and replication cohorts. However, effect sizes were often modest, and findings were inconsistent across cohorts. Substantial heterogeneity in study design, populations, endpoints, and biomarker assessment methods limited comparability. Moreover, most biomarkers demonstrated associations at the group level but lacked sufficient discriminatory power for individual risk prediction. Only a minority of studies included validation cohorts, and replication of findings was limited. <b>Conclusions</b>: Multiple biomarkers show promising associations with progression in very early and early SSc, but a single biomarker is unlikely to reliably predict disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis Lung Changes Are Associated with Exacerbations and Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Dmitry Oskin, Stanislav Kotlyarov","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070351","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070351","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background/Objective&lt;/b&gt;: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and tuberculosis (TB) are among the most prevalent respiratory disorders worldwide and frequently coexist in the same patient. However, the contribution of active TB and post-tuberculosis lung disease to COPD exacerbations and long-term prognosis remains incompletely defined. This paper aim to evaluate the prevalence, clinical correlates, and prognostic significance of tuberculosis and its sequelae in patients with COPD. &lt;b&gt;Materials and methods&lt;/b&gt;: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using de-identified data from the regional healthcare information system. The cohort included all adults aged 18 years or older with a recorded diagnosis of COPD (ICD-10 code J44). Tuberculosis was identified by codes A15-A19 and B90. The primary outcomes were COPD exacerbations and all-cause mortality. Group comparisons, cluster analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazards modeling, and multivariable logistic regression were performed. &lt;b&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;: Tuberculosis and/or its sequelae were identified in 267 of 16,714 patients (1.60%): post-TB sequelae (B90) in 197 (73.8%), active TB (A15-A19) in 22 (8.2%), and both in 48 (18.0%). Compared with patients without TB, those with COPD-TB were younger (63.5 ± 14.2 vs. 65.7 ± 14.7 years; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018), more often male (75.3% vs. 52.0%; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), and had higher mortality (16.5% vs. 10.6%; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003). COPD-TB was associated with bronchiectasis (OR = 6.07; 95% CI, 3.03-12.16), pulmonary fibrosis (OR = 5.67; 95% CI, 3.40-9.45), and pneumonia (OR = 2.01; 95% CI, 1.50-2.71), but with lower prevalences of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Patients with TB experienced more COPD exacerbations, including recurrent exacerbations. In multivariable models, tuberculosis was associated with COPD exacerbations after adjustment for age and sex (adjusted OR = 1.43; 95% CI, 1.05-1.96); this association was attenuated and lost significance after further adjustment for post-tuberculosis structural lung disease, indicating that it is largely mediated by post-TB sequelae. Tuberculosis remained associated with mortality after adjustment for available covariates, both in logistic regression (adjusted OR = 1.61; 95% CI, 1.14-2.28) and in Cox analysis (hazard ratio = 1.37; 95% CI, 1.01-1.85). &lt;b&gt;Conclusions&lt;/b&gt;: Tuberculosis and post-tuberculosis lung disease are clinically accessible risk markers associated with COPD exacerbations and mortality. These findings support recognizing patients with COPD and a history of TB as a high-risk subgroup requiring intensified follow-up, proactive exacerbation prevention, and prioritized vaccination counseling. In the context of personalized medicine, a documented history of tuberculosis and post-tuberculosis lung changes represents a clinically accessible marker that can be used to stratify individual risk and to tailor monitoring and prevention in patient","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimally Invasive Surgery for Mitral Valve Endocarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Reconstructed Time-to-Event Data.","authors":"Thomas Karagkounis, Angeliki Alifragki, Ioannis Zoupas, Sofia Sarantou, Nikolaos Schizas, Konstantinos S Mylonas, Dimitrios C Iliopoulos","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070350","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Minimally invasive (MIS) mitral valve surgery has been proven to be a safe and effective alternative to median sternotomy (ST), with advantages in postoperative recovery and morbidity. However, its role in the setting of infective endocarditis (IE) remains uncertain. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the outcomes of MIS in mitral valve surgery for infective endocarditis. <b>Methods</b>: A PRISMA-compliant search for studies including patients undergoing MIS for mitral valve IE was performed through 14 January 2026, in PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane. Time-to-event data were reconstructed from published Kaplan-Meier curves. A secondary comparative analysis focusing on MIS versus ST techniques was conducted. <b>Results</b>: Fourteen retrospective studies comprising 949 patients were analyzed. In the MIS cohort, early mortality was 4.2% (95%CI: 1.8%, 7.4%). Overall survival was 86.7% at 1 year, 75.2% at 5 years and 56.2% at 10 years. Freedom from IE-related reoperation remained high at 97.5%, 95.9%, and 90.7% at 1, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Mitral valve repair was performed in 52.5% of patients. In secondary comparative analyses, overall survival at 4-year follow-up was not different between MIS and ST [HR: 0.82 (95%CI: 0.43, 1.57), <i>p</i> = 0.55]. MIS was associated with a significantly shorter intensive care unit (ICU) stay [MD: -1.52 days (95%CI: -2.08, -0.97), <i>p</i> < 0.01]. <b>Conclusions</b>: MIS for mitral valve IE is associated with favorable early and long-term outcomes, comparable survival with sternotomy, and reduced ICU stay. These findings suggest that MIS may be considered as a feasible and potentially effective alternative for the management of mitral valve IE in carefully selected patients. Further prospective comparative studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consistency of Subcortical Osseous Structures in Femoral Cruciate Ligament Attachment Sites: A Combined 3D-CT and Histological Anatomical Study.","authors":"Johannes Moritz Mittendorfer, Zehra Duezguen, Lukas Horak, Andreas Gahleitner, Elisabeth Marlene Mandler, Lena Hirtler","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070352","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Accurate identification of the functional femoral attachment of the anterior (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is essential for anatomic reconstruction and for patient-specific femoral tunnel planning, yet correct intraoperative localization remains inconsistent. This anatomical study investigated whether subcortical bone features provide evidence of functional cruciate ligament attachment and whether surrounding osseous ridges are reliable landmarks. <b>Methods</b>: Computed tomography (CT) scans of 20 paired, fresh-frozen distal femora (10 body donors) were processed using 3D volume rendering to visualize the intercondylar fossa walls and to assess the presence of four characteristic ridges: lateral intercondylar ridge (LIR), lateral bifurcate ridge (LBR), medial intercondylar ridge (MIR) and medial bifurcate ridge (MBR). In addition, thin-ground section histology of the femoral insertion sites was performed to characterize insertion morphology. <b>Results</b>: Histology demonstrated distinct direct and indirect insertions for both ligaments; the direct insertion exhibited a characteristic four-layer transition (ligament, non-calcified fibrocartilage, calcified fibrocartilage, bone), whereas the indirect insertion showed collagen fibers attaching directly to bone. The LIR and MIR were present in 85% and 80% of specimens, respectively, while the LBR and MBR were less frequent (LBR 25%, MBR 10%). No significant associations were found between ridge presence and age, sex or laterality. <b>Conclusions</b>: These findings support the direct insertion as the functional cruciate attachment and suggest that the LIR and MIR-due to their consistent occurrence and location at the rim of the direct insertion-are the most useful bony landmarks for individualized femoral tunnel orientation, whereas bifurcate ridges should be considered adjunctive when present. The observed variability provides a rationale to stratify cases requiring adjunct imaging or navigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13413329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromodulation in Neuro-Oncology: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Ahmad I Kamaludin, Ashwin Kumaria, Keyoumars Ashkan","doi":"10.3390/jpm16070349","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm16070349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Neuromodulation is a rapidly developing field with growing interest in its application in neuro-oncology, particularly since the publication of the EF-14 trial which demonstrated a survival benefit conferred by tumour treating fields (TTF) in patients with glioblastoma. In addition, the emerging field of cancer neuroscience has postulated the role of neural-tumour communication in tumour aetiology, which is theoretically targetable by neuromodulation strategies. This scoping review therefore aims to comprehensively evaluate current or future applications of neuromodulation in managing patients with brain tumours, encompassing preclinical and clinical studies. <b>Methods</b>: The MEDLINE database was queried for all relevant articles from inception to 1 December 2024. A synthesis of findings was performed, broadly categorised to preclinical and clinical research. <b>Findings:</b> The database search returned 3296 results, from which 187 full-text articles were further assessed. A total of 79 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included. The results from preclinical studies (<i>n</i> = 18) were stratified according to modality which included electrical therapy, electroporation, electromagnetic field (EMF) and deep brain stimulation (DBS). Similarly, clinical studies (<i>n</i> = 61) were classified to preoperative modalities such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct stimulation (tDCS), and postoperative modalities such as TMS, TTF, EMF and spinal cord stimulation (SCS). <b>Interpretation:</b> The application of neuromodulation as adjunctive therapy in the context of neuro-oncology is an emerging field, with encouraging results in various modalities across a wide range of applications from surgical planning and functional rehabilitation, to its therapeutic potential. Further research is urgently needed to harness the potential of neuromodulation in improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13413177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}