Journal of Personalized Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A Methodological Framework for AI-Assisted Diagnosis of Ovarian Masses Using CT and MR Imaging.","authors":"Pratik Adusumilli, Nishant Ravikumar, Geoff Hall, Andrew F Scarsbrook","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15020076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Ovarian cancer encompasses a diverse range of neoplasms originating in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and peritoneum. Despite being one of the commonest gynaecological malignancies, there are no validated screening strategies for early detection. A diagnosis typically relies on imaging, biomarkers, and multidisciplinary team discussions. The accurate interpretation of CTs and MRIs may be challenging, especially in borderline cases. This study proposes a methodological pipeline to develop and evaluate deep learning (DL) models that can assist in classifying ovarian masses from CT and MRI data, potentially improving diagnostic confidence and patient outcomes. <b>Methods:</b> A multi-institutional retrospective dataset was compiled, supplemented by external data from the Cancer Genome Atlas. Two classification workflows were examined: (1) whole-volume input and (2) lesion-focused region of interest. Multiple DL architectures, including ResNet, DenseNet, transformer-based UNeST, and Attention Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL), were implemented within the PyTorch-based MONAI framework. The class imbalance was mitigated using focal loss, oversampling, and dynamic class weighting. The hyperparameters were optimised with Optuna, and balanced accuracy was the primary metric. <b>Results:</b> For a preliminary dataset, the proposed framework demonstrated feasibility for the multi-class classification of ovarian masses. The initial experiments highlighted the potential of transformers and MIL for identifying the relevant imaging features. <b>Conclusions:</b> A reproducible methodological pipeline for DL-based ovarian mass classification using CT and MRI scans has been established. Future work will leverage a multi-institutional dataset to refine these models, aiming to enhance clinical workflows and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodality Imaging in the Diagnosis of Coronary Microvascular Disease: An Update.","authors":"Ana Margarida Martins, Miguel Nobre Menezes, Pedro Alves da Silva, Ana G Almeida","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15020075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is characterized by structural and functional abnormalities in the coronary microvasculature which can lead to ischaemia and angina and is increasingly recognized as a major contributor to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Despite its clinical importance, the diagnosis of CMD remains limited compared with traditional atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Furthermore, the historical lack of non-invasive methods for detecting and quantifying CMD has hindered progress in understanding its pathophysiology and clinical implications. This review explores advancements in non-invasive cardiac imaging that have enabled the detection and quantification of CMD. It evaluates the clinical utility, strengths and limitation of these imaging modalities in diagnosing and managing CMD. Having improved our understanding of CMD pathophysiology, cardiac imaging can provide insights into its prognosis and enhance diagnostic accuracy. Continued innovation in imaging technologies is essential for advancing knowledge about CMD, leading to improved cardiovascular outcomes and patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Choi et al. Prognostic Value of Radiomic Analysis Using Pre- and Post-Treatment ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer and Hypopharyngeal Cancer. <i>J. Pers. Med.</i> 2024, <i>14</i>, 71.","authors":"Joon Ho Choi, Joon Young Choi, Sang-Keun Woo, Ji Eun Moon, Chae Hong Lim, Soo Bin Park, Seongho Seo, Yong Chan Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Seung Hwan Moon, Jung Mi Park","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15020074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the original publication [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTED: Yen et al. Brevilin A Ameliorates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-like Dermatitis and Reduces Th17 Differentiation in Psoriasis Patients. <i>J. Pers. Med.</i> 2022, <i>12</i>, 1888.","authors":"Ling-Jung Yen, Chung-Yang Yen, Chia-Ling Li, En-Chih Liao, Kai-Chun Wang, Meng-Chieh Shih, Hung-Sen Huang, Ying-Chin Chen, Ling-Ying Lu, Sheng-Jie Yu","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020072","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jpm15020072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The journal retracts the article \"Brevilin A Ameliorates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-like Dermatitis and Reduces Th17 Differentiation in Psoriasis Patients\" [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11840394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pioneering Respiratory and Emergency Medicine Research During the COVID-19 Era.","authors":"Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Georgios Mavrovounis, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15020073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory and emergency medicine have undergone significant transformations in recent years, shaped by advancements in critical care, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), and the evolving understanding of post-infectious sequelae [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real Index of Refraction of Normal and Cancerous Axillary Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer Patients: Results from an Experimental Study.","authors":"Maria Papadoliopoulou, Spyridon Koutsoumpos, Ioannis Margaris, Maria Matiatou, Panagiotis Giannios, Nikolaos Arkadopoulos, Konstantinos Moutzouris, Nikolaos V Michalopoulos","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15020071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Breast malignancy is the most common cancer type and the second leading cause of cancer-related death for women all ages. Axillary surgery provides prognostic and predictive information, but carries significant morbidity. Imaging techniques are a promising field, providing the characterization of biological tissues using the interaction between the light and a medium, and may offer an accurate cancerous diagnosis without the need for formal histopathological examination. <b>Methods:</b> In this study, using a prism couple refractometer, we sought to determine tissues' reflection profiles in freshly excised human lymph nodes from female patients with breast cancer, in whom axillary lymph node dissection was performed. <b>Results:</b> Thirty-four patients were included, contributing a total number of 90 lymph nodes and, according to our results, the median refractive indices were significantly higher in cancerous lymph nodes compared to normal lymph nodes in 450 nm, 964 nm, and 1551 nm wavelengths (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Results from this small experimental study imply that the use of a prism couple refractometer may aid in the discrimination between benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes in female patients with breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Sortilin Levels as a Biomarker for Metabolic and Hormonal Dysregulation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.","authors":"Pinar Alarslan, Mehmet Doruk","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15020070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder affecting up to 15% of reproductive-age women, characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic oligo-ovulation, and metabolic dysfunction. This study aims to evaluate serum sortilin levels in women with PCOS for the first time and investigate their potential associations with metabolic and hormonal alterations. <b>Material and Methods:</b> Eighty PCOS patients and 80 healthy controls were included; serum sortilin levels were measured using ELISA kits, with documented intra-assay and inter-assay variations below 6% and 8%, respectively, ensuring high specificity and sensitivity. <b>Results:</b> Serum sortilin levels were significantly elevated in PCOS patients (69.51 ± 27.75 pg/mL) versus controls (48.60 ± 21.20 pg/mL) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). PCOS patients exhibited higher mean HOMA-IR, free androgen index values, serum glucose, insulin, triglycerides, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, luteinizing hormone, total testosterone, and DHEA-S levels, alongside reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and sex hormone-binding globulin levels (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Notably, inverse correlations were observed between sortilin and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in both groups (<i>p</i> = 0.028 and 0.033). <b>Conclusions:</b> This pioneering study indicates that serum sortilin may be implicated in PCOS pathogenesis and serves as a potential biomarker for metabolic dysfunction in PCOS. Larger, diverse studies with longitudinal designs are needed for further validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes of Neurologists Toward Serum Neurofilament Light-Chain Testing in the Management of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis with Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"José M García-Domínguez, Jorge Maurino, José E Meca-Lallana, Lamberto Landete, Virginia Meca-Lallana, Elena García-Arcelay, Eduardo Agüera-Morales, Ana B Caminero, Sergio Martínez-Yélamos, Luis Querol, Nicolas Medrano, Rocío Gómez-Ballesteros, Luisa M Villar, Enric Monreal, Gustavo Saposnik","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15020069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Cognitive impairment has an impact upon the function and quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). High-serum neurofilament light-chain (sNfL) levels predict disease progression and are also associated with impaired cognitive performance. This study aimed to assess the attitudes of neurologists toward sNfL testing as regards making therapeutic decisions in clinically and radiologically stable patients experiencing cognitive decline. <b>Methods:</b> A web-based observational study was conducted among neurologists caring for patients with MS. The role of sNfL in therapeutic decisions was assessed through a simulated case scenario describing a 31-year-old woman with relapsing-remitting MS for four years on glatiramer acetate. Her partner reported increased distractibility and difficulties in organizing daily activities over the past 18 months. There was no history of new relapses, and a follow-up brain MRI scan showed no new lesions. Her performance in the Symbol Digit Modalities Test decreased by 8 points from the previous year, with 46 correct answers. The patient had an sNfL level of 21 pg/mL, with no other identified factors that could have altered this value. The participants were tasked with deciding to either escalate treatment or to continue the current treatment and schedule the patient for reassessment in 6-12 months (defined as decisions misaligned with emerging evidence [DMEE]). Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to determine factors associated with DMEE. <b>Results:</b> One hundred and sixteen neurologists participated in the study. Almost 50% of the participants (<i>n</i> = 57) opted not to escalate treatment despite high sNfL levels. This was more common among neurologists not fully dedicated to MS care (60.5% vs. 43.6%). The multivariate analysis showed that being a neurologist not fully dedicated to MS (odds ratio [OR] = 2.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-5.50; <i>p</i> = 0.04) and having a poor perception of sNfL benefits (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.04; <i>p</i> = 0.01) were associated with DMEE. <b>Conclusions:</b> Neurologists' lack of full dedication to MS care and limited perception of sNfL's clinical utility were key factors associated with suboptimal therapeutic decisions in a simulated case of cognitive decline with elevated sNfL. These findings underscore the need for increased education on the role of sNfL to improve evidence-based decision-making in MS management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is CK7 a Prognostic Marker in Pulmonary LCNEC? Evidence from a Limited Cohort Study.","authors":"Hruy Menghesha, Donatas Zalepugas, Amina Camo, Georg Schlachtenberger, Konstantinos Grapatsas, Andres Amorin Estremadoyro, Fabian Doerr, Matthias Heldwein, Alexander Quaas, Servet Bölükbas, Gerardus Bennink, Joachim Schmidt, Khosro Hekmat","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15020067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> While the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma has improved rapidly, the treatment of pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) remains underdeveloped. The use of immunohistochemistry allows for accurate risk stratification. With our study, we investigated the outcome of patients with pulmonary LCNEC and analyzed whether CK7 correlates with long-term survival. <b>Methods:</b> We retrospectively collected the monocentric data of patients which underwent anatomical resection for lung cancer between January 2012 and December 2020. Patients that did not show pulmonary LCNEC or adenocarcinoma, had a positive resection margin, or underwent neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. The long-term survival rate of the LCNEC and adenocarcinoma groups were compared before and after propensity score matching. Furthermore, we performed survival analyses for a subgroup of LCNEC distinguished by CK7 expression, followed by Cox regression analyses. <b>Results:</b> A total of 466 patients were integrated for further analysis. The mean age was 65.3 ± 9.6 years. There were no significant differences between both groups regarding age, gender, or comorbidities. In terms of the UICC stage, the groups were equally distributed. Mean survival in the LCNEC group was significantly worse than in the adenocarcinoma group (LCENC: 36.4 ± 7.5 months; adenocarcinoma: 80.7 ± 8.1 months; <i>p</i>-value = 0.001). The mean survival rate was 19.23 ± 4.8 months in the CK7 expression group and 57.01 ± 8.5 months in the group without expression, which reached statistical significance (<i>p</i>-value = 0.019). <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study suggests that pulmonary LCNEC has a significantly worse prognosis than pulmonary adenocarcinoma. CK7 expression seems to be correlated with a worse outcome for the long-term survival rate of patients suffering from highly malignant pulmonary LCNEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Personalized Approach to Adhesion Prevention in Single-Port Access Laparoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Prospective Study Evaluating the Efficacy of Adhesion Barriers and Patient-Specific Risk Factors.","authors":"Seongyun Lim, Joseph Noh, Junhyeong Seo, Youngeun Chung, Taejoong Kim","doi":"10.3390/jpm15020068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15020068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>A</b><b>bstract: Background/Objectives</b>: Single-port access (SPA) laparoscopic surgery has gained popularity due to its cosmetic benefits and reduced postoperative pain. However, concerns persist regarding the increased risk of adhesions due to the larger umbilical incision. This study aims to contribute to personalized medicine by evaluating the effectiveness of applying an anti-adhesive agent (Guardix SG^®, HanmiPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea) at the umbilical incision and identifying patient-specific risk factors for adhesion formation in SPA laparoscopic surgeries. <b>Methods</b>: In this randomized prospective study, 55 female patients with benign gynecological conditions were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group, which received the anti-adhesive agent at both the surgical and umbilical sites, or a control group, which received it only at the surgical site. Participants returned for outpatient visits 1-3 months post-surgery to assess incision site complications, including adhesions. <b>Results</b>: The overall adhesion rate was 10.9%, with 13.3% in the control group and 8% in the intervention group, though the difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.678). Infection rates were 6.7% in the control group and 4% in the intervention group; however, there was no significant difference in complications. Logistic regression identified pre-existing adhesions as a significant risk factor (<i>p</i> = 0.0379; OR = 6.909). <b>Conclusions</b>: Although the adhesion barrier showed a trend toward reducing umbilical adhesions, the difference was not statistically significant. The application of the adhesion barrier did not influence incision site complications, confirming its safety. Our findings highlight the need for personalized approaches to adhesion prevention, considering individual patient characteristics and risk factors. Further larger studies are necessary to explore adhesion prevention in a more personalized manner for individual patients in this context.</p>","PeriodicalId":16722,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personalized Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}