Journal of personality and social psychology最新文献_第7页

Conversations about boring topics are more interesting than we think. 关于无聊话题的对话比我们想象的更有趣。

IF 7.6 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.1037/pspi0000521

Elizabeth N. Trinh, Nicole Thio, Nadav Klein

{"title":"Conversations about boring topics are more interesting than we think.","authors":"Elizabeth N. Trinh, Nicole Thio, Nadav Klein","doi":"10.1037/pspi0000521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000521","url":null,"abstract":"Conversations enhance social connection and well-being, but the kinds of conversations that come to mind when thinking of these benefits are ones about interesting topics. Everyday life, however, does not spare people from conversations about boring topics. We examine the extent to which people's expectations of conversations about boring topics are calibrated with their actual experiences. Nine preregistered experiments (five in the main text, four in the Supplemental Material; total N = 1,800) reveal that participants consistently underestimated how enjoyable and interesting conversations about boring topics were. Expectations were relatively more calibrated for conversations about interesting topics. This pattern held across virtual and in-person settings, conversations with friends and strangers, and self-generated and experimenter-assigned topics. This occurs partly due to the relative ease of assessing the static elements of conversations and the difficulty of assessing their dynamic elements. The topic is a static element that is easy to assess prior to a conversation, and so people overweight it in their forecasts. The level of engagement conversations command-the need to respond, listen, and pay attention to another person-makes them enjoyable, but is harder to assess because it dynamically emerges only once a conversation begins. Expectations about enjoyment guide decisions to enter conversations, suggesting that miscalibration between predicted and actual enjoyment can lead people to avoid conversations they would, in fact, enjoy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":16691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality and social psychology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patterns and sources of life satisfaction stability and change at different developmental stages. 生活满意度的模式和来源在不同发展阶段的稳定性和变化。

IF 7.6 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000602

Marco Deppe, Charlotte K. L. Dißelkamp, Andreas J. Forstner, Christian Kandler

{"title":"Patterns and sources of life satisfaction stability and change at different developmental stages.","authors":"Marco Deppe, Charlotte K. L. Dißelkamp, Andreas J. Forstner, Christian Kandler","doi":"10.1037/pspp0000602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000602","url":null,"abstract":"How life satisfaction develops across several stages of development and to what extent genetic and environmental factors contribute to its stability and change was the focus of this multimodal study. The sample comprises 10,277 participants from the German population-based twin family panel TwinLife including twin pairs from three birth cohorts (Npairs = 2,042, aged 10-33 years), twins' full siblings, and their biological parents (aged 10-81 years). Latent state-trait change models were used to disentangle stable and time-dependent individual differences, as well as variance in systematic change of life satisfaction, measured repeatedly across 8 years. Quantitative genetic models were applied to estimate genetic and environmental contributions to these variance components. Polygenic scores were added to these models for a genotyped subsample (N = 4,581). By analyzing longitudinal twin data and polygenic scores across several developmental stages, the study contributes to the ongoing debate about differences in the heritability of well-being. Life satisfaction showed high rank-order stability (r = .47-.89), which increased with age, and a U-shaped mean-level trend from early adolescence to middle adulthood (Δ ≈ ±0.5 SD). Moreover, 17%-37% of stable life satisfaction differences were explained by genetic differences, while variance in systematic change was entirely environmental, except for young adults, where genetic variance started to emerge. Polygenic scores supported this, as they significantly predicted stable differences (R² = .015), while associations with change were weaker (R² = .002). The prediction of stable differences increased with rank-order stability throughout adolescence and young adulthood (R² = .038) but decreased with the transition to middle and older adulthood (R² = .012). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":16691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality and social psychology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for What Stands Out to You About Me? Implications of Self-Observation During Online Intergroup Interaction for Metaperceived Race Salience 补充材料：你对我有什么印象？在线群体间互动中自我观察对元知觉种族显著性的影响

IF 7.6 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.1037/pspi0000522.supp

引用次数: 0

Exploring the socioeconomic pattern of humans' future orientation: A multimethod multistudy approach. 探索人类未来取向的社会经济模式：一种多方法多研究方法。

IF 7.6 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000598

Alejandro Díaz-Guerra,Mirko Antino,Rafael Caballero,Alfredo Rodríguez-Muñoz,Alejandro Vásquez-Echeverría

{"title":"Exploring the socioeconomic pattern of humans' future orientation: A multimethod multistudy approach.","authors":"Alejandro Díaz-Guerra,Mirko Antino,Rafael Caballero,Alfredo Rodríguez-Muñoz,Alejandro Vásquez-Echeverría","doi":"10.1037/pspp0000598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000598","url":null,"abstract":"Future orientation (FO) is a key human capacity that integrates cognitive, affective, and motivational components, crucial for achieving positive outcomes. Although theory posits a consistent link between FO and socioeconomic status (SES), empirical evidence remains scarce and fragmented. This research addressed this gap with two main goals. The first was to strengthen the evidence for the SES-FO relationship at the between-subject level. This was achieved through three complementary studies: Study 1 (a coordinated data analysis of sociological surveys using probabilistic samples), Study 2 (analysis of FO-related content in social media posts to increase ecological validity), and Study 3 (experimental manipulation of subjective SES). Beyond these between-subject designs, little research has examined whether and how individuals adjust their FO in response to socioeconomic changes. Thus, the second goal was to investigate whether changes in SES relate to intra-individual changes in FO. Study 4 used longitudinal data collected before and after the Great Recession (2007-2008) to assess how real-life socioeconomic changes are associated with individuals' FO. Finally, Study 5 validated these longitudinal findings through experimental manipulations within a mixed factorial design. These last two studies indicate that SES fluctuations may lead to corresponding changes in FO, suggesting an adaptive psychological response to socioeconomic adversity. Overall, this research provides new evidence on both between- and within-subject socioeconomic differences in FO. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":16691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality and social psychology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147641321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Patterns and Sources of Life Satisfaction Stability and Change at Different Developmental Stages 不同发展阶段生活满意度稳定与变化的模式与来源补充材料

IF 7.6 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000602.supp

引用次数: 0

How watching sports shapes zero-sum thinking: Correlational, experimental, and longitudinal evidence. 观看体育比赛如何塑造零和思维：相关的、实验性的和纵向的证据。

IF 7.6 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-06 DOI: 10.1037/pspi0000520

Jinseok S Chun,Hemant Kakkar,Aaron C Kay

引用次数: 0

Finding agreement: Functional magnetic resonance imaging hyperscanning reveals that mental state space exploration facilitates opinion alignment. 寻找一致：功能性磁共振成像超扫描显示精神状态空间探索促进意见一致。

IF 7.6 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-02 DOI: 10.1037/pspa0000484

Sebastian P H Speer,Haran Sened,Laetitia Mwilambwe-Tshilobo,Lily Tsoi,Shannon M Burns,Emily B Falk,Diana I Tamir

{"title":"Finding agreement: Functional magnetic resonance imaging hyperscanning reveals that mental state space exploration facilitates opinion alignment.","authors":"Sebastian P H Speer,Haran Sened,Laetitia Mwilambwe-Tshilobo,Lily Tsoi,Shannon M Burns,Emily B Falk,Diana I Tamir","doi":"10.1037/pspa0000484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000484","url":null,"abstract":"To find agreement, conversation partners might focus solely on aligning their distinct perspectives. Alternatively, agreement might require partners to explore, by considering different, new perspectives. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) hyperscanning and natural language processing, we tested whether dyadic alignment or exploration during decision-making conversations was a more effective route to agreement. Dyads (N = 60 dyads; 120 people) discussed pressing societal problems after being instructed to either persuade or compromise with their partner, strategies associated with attenuated and amplified exploration, respectively. Analysis uncovered four key results: First, individuals instructed to compromise rather than persuade tended to agree more at the end of the conversation. Second, fMRI hyperscanning and linguistic analyses revealed that encouraging compromise resulted in increased exploration during conversations; dyads given compromise instructions traversed more diverse mental states and topics. Third, heightened exploration was linked to greater agreement at the end of the conversation. Fourth, the effect of the compromise instructions on agreement was mediated by the degree of exploration. Together, these results suggest that finding agreement may be spurred by exploration, something that happens spontaneously when people are motivated to compromise. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":16691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality and social psychology","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147599420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Me in a nutshell": Exploring the content and properties of central traits. “简而言之我”：探索中心特征的内容和属性。

IF 6.7 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000596

Elizabeth U Long, Norhan Elsaadawy, Erika N Carlson, Marc A Fournier

{"title":"\"Me in a nutshell\": Exploring the content and properties of central traits.","authors":"Elizabeth U Long, Norhan Elsaadawy, Erika N Carlson, Marc A Fournier","doi":"10.1037/pspp0000596","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pspp0000596","url":null,"abstract":"Trait taxonomies such as the Big Five have been effective in studying population-level trends but may obscure important individual differences in the structure, stability, and personal relevance of individuals' dispositional tendencies. Inspired by Gordon Allport's notion that people may be defined by distinctive \"organizing foci\" of personality, the current work introduces the central trait approach, which focuses on identifying the most defining aspects of an individual and understanding their unique manifestation in a person's life. To develop this framework, we examine open-ended descriptions of participants' central personality traits across four data sets (n = 1,488). We assess coverage of trait content by traditional trait taxonomies and then explore what makes a trait self-defining by predicting trait content from informational (e.g., extremity and stability of trait standing) and motivational (e.g., desirability of the trait) factors and qualitatively analyze extended descriptions of these traits for various identity themes. We find that most (but not all) traits fit the Big Five and that those that did mostly reflected participants' most extreme (but desirable) attributes. This work furthers our understanding of how aspects of personality become personally relevant and lays groundwork for future idiographic study of traits. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":16691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality and social psychology","volume":" ","pages":"763-785"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Truth over falsehood: Experimental evidence on what persuades and spreads. 真理战胜谬误：关于说服和传播的实验证据。

IF 6.7 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1037/pspa0000467

Nicolas Fay, Keith J Ransom, Bradley Walker, Piers D L Howe, Andrew Perfors, Yoshihisa Kashima

{"title":"Truth over falsehood: Experimental evidence on what persuades and spreads.","authors":"Nicolas Fay, Keith J Ransom, Bradley Walker, Piers D L Howe, Andrew Perfors, Yoshihisa Kashima","doi":"10.1037/pspa0000467","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pspa0000467","url":null,"abstract":"The English poet John Milton portrayed truth as a powerful warrior capable of defeating falsehood in open combat. The spread of false information online suggests otherwise. Here, we test the persuasive power and transmission potential of true versus false messages in a controlled experimental setting, free from the effects of social media algorithms and bot amplification. Across four experiments (combined N = 4,607), we tested how perceived veracity affects message persuasion and shareability, using messages generated by both humans and large language models. Experiments 1 and 2 (persuasion game) involved participants creating and evaluating persuasive messages; Experiments 3 and 4 (attention game) focused on messages optimized to capture attention. Our findings consistently show that messages created with the intention of being truthful were more persuasive and more likely to be shared than those designed to be false. While perceived message truth was the main driver of persuasion, message transmission was primarily driven by positive emotion and social engagement, indicating that social connection is prioritized during information sharing. These results suggest that truth holds a competitive edge in the marketplace of ideas. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":16691,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality and social psychology","volume":" ","pages":"684-700"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Finding Agreement: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Hyperscanning Reveals That Mental State Space Exploration Facilitates Opinion Alignment 寻找共识补充材料：功能性磁共振成像超扫描揭示精神状态空间探索促进意见一致

IF 7.6 1区心理学

Journal of personality and social psychology Pub Date : 2026-03-26 DOI: 10.1037/pspa0000484.supp

引用次数: 0