Journal of PerinatologyPub Date : 2025-05-01Epub Date: 2024-12-06DOI: 10.1038/s41372-024-02188-8
Kristin Sohn, Victoria Palacios, Reese Clark
{"title":"Bifidobacterium longum subsp infantis (EVC001) is associated with reduced incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis stage ≥2 and bloody stools in premature babies.","authors":"Kristin Sohn, Victoria Palacios, Reese Clark","doi":"10.1038/s41372-024-02188-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41372-024-02188-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To utilize an evidence-based probiotic protocol to achieve a 50% reduction in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) ≥ stage 2 and bloody stools.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>From January 2022 through September 2023, daily enteral Bifidobacterium longum ssp. infantis EVC001 (B. infantis EVC001) was administered to babies ≤ 33 6/7 weeks gestation until 36 weeks post menstrual age. Feeding tolerance and complications were compared to babies admitted during the prior two-year period. Fisher's Exact test was used to analyze proportional data and t test was used for continuous variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 265 babies received EVC001, and a total of 277 babies formed the pre-probiotic cohort. Probiotic use was associated with decreased NEC ≥ stage 2 (p = 0.0058), reduced bloody stools (p < 0.0001), decreased time to full enteral feeds (p < 0.0001), and decreased total parenteral nutrition (TPN) days (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Administration of B. infantis EVC001 was associated with a decrease in NEC, a decrease in bloody stools, and improvement in feeding tolerance in premature babies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":"635-641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of PerinatologyPub Date : 2025-05-01Epub Date: 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1038/s41372-024-02170-4
Emma Rose Miller-Bedell, Lillian Sie, Suzan L Carmichael, Nana Matoba, Ya'el Weiner, Joseph J Kim, Arash Anoshiravani, Dominika Seidman, Deirdre J Lyell, Henry C Lee
{"title":"Birth outcomes of individuals who have experienced incarceration during pregnancy.","authors":"Emma Rose Miller-Bedell, Lillian Sie, Suzan L Carmichael, Nana Matoba, Ya'el Weiner, Joseph J Kim, Arash Anoshiravani, Dominika Seidman, Deirdre J Lyell, Henry C Lee","doi":"10.1038/s41372-024-02170-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41372-024-02170-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Describe the prevalence, health, and birth outcomes of incarcerated pregnant individuals in California between 2011 and 2015.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A population-based cohort study was performed using linked birth certificate and hospital discharge data. Associations between incarceration and birth outcomes were examined, including multivariable logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Amongst 1401 incarcerated and 551,029 nonincarcerated pregnant people across 112 delivery hospitals, 33% of incarcerated individuals had late initiation of prenatal care; 2.4% experienced severe maternal morbidity, compared to 18.9% and 1.6% of controls, respectively (p < 0.05). Births to incarcerated individuals had higher adjusted likelihoods of prematurity (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.21, 1.67), small for gestational age (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.11, 1.56), and NICU admission (OR 1.64, 95% CI, 1.40, 1.93) relative to controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Incarcerated individuals have greater likelihood of negative birth outcomes. Identification of approaches to reduce these harms is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":"600-606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pavika Varma, Isabella Zaniletti, Karna Murthy, Theresa R Grover, Sunah S Hwang, Stephanie L Bourque
{"title":"Demographic and clinical predictors and inter-center variability of tube feeding in preterm NICU patients.","authors":"Pavika Varma, Isabella Zaniletti, Karna Murthy, Theresa R Grover, Sunah S Hwang, Stephanie L Bourque","doi":"10.1038/s41372-025-02314-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02314-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Investigate demographic and clinical factors and inter-center variability associated with home NGT versus GT in preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study of preterm infants in the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Database discharged home with a NGT or GT between 2015-2020. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the independent relationship between infant characteristics and feeding modality. Bivariate analysis evaluated inter-center variability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>3521 preterm infants discharged with tube feedings (NGT 39%; GT 61%). Hispanic infants (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15, 2.14) and SGA infants (AOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.02, 1.6) were more likely to receive GT feedings. Privately insured infants had decreased likelihood of receiving GT (AOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.45, 0.72). Infants discharged with NGT had shorter hospital stays (70[34,111] vs. 86 [39,138] days, p < 0.01). Significant inter-center variability among sites exists.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Differences in tube feeding at discharge were noted by infant race and ethnicity, SGA status, and insurance type.</p>","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathleen Miller, J Lauren Ruoss, Diana Vargas Chaves, Belinda Chan, Matthew Huber, Jason Z Stoller, María V Fraga, Heather French, Thomas Conlon, William Corder
{"title":"National survey of diagnostic point of care ultrasound practices and program development in academic neonatal-perinatal medicine centers.","authors":"Kathleen Miller, J Lauren Ruoss, Diana Vargas Chaves, Belinda Chan, Matthew Huber, Jason Z Stoller, María V Fraga, Heather French, Thomas Conlon, William Corder","doi":"10.1038/s41372-025-02307-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02307-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess diagnostic point of care ultrasound (POCUS) use, presence of programmatic infrastructural elements, and barriers to implementation across neonatal perinatal medicine (NPM) programs in the United States.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study. An online survey was distributed to leaders in education or POCUS at ACGME-accredited NPM fellowship programs. National trends were outlined using descriptive statistics and compared by program size.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>79 of 99 (80%) NPM programs responded. Diagnostic POCUS was available at 71% (n = 56) of sites that responded. Key infrastructural elements were present at <45% of sites, with fellow training being the exception (71%). Many barriers to diagnostic POCUS program implementation were identified and they differed by program size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diagnostic POCUS is being increasingly adopted despite underdeveloped programmatic infrastructure. Identified barriers suggest a need for collaborative efforts to support the necessary infrastructural elements, and differences by program size suggest a need for tailored approaches for successful integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natasha Lalos, Alexa Brumfiel, Luke T Viehl, Gillian C Pet, Alexandra Lahart
{"title":"Development and implementation of restrictive platelet transfusion thresholds in a neonatal intensive care unit.","authors":"Natasha Lalos, Alexa Brumfiel, Luke T Viehl, Gillian C Pet, Alexandra Lahart","doi":"10.1038/s41372-025-02302-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02302-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Thrombocytopenia is a common problem affecting preterm neonates. Recent studies show increased morbidity and mortality with liberal platelet transfusion thresholds. We sought to standardize thrombocytopenia management through a transfusion guideline to reduce excessive transfusions.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We developed and implemented a guideline using PDSA cycles for infants with birth weights <1000 grams. Platelet transfusions were classified as indicated or non-indicated per the guideline. Severe (grade 3 or 4) intraventricular hemorrhage and pulmonary hemorrhage rates were balancing measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 101 infants pre-guideline and 96 infants post-guideline. The mean monthly non-indicated transfusions significantly decreased from 13.0 to 2.0, respectively (p-value < 0.01). Incidence of severe grade IVH and pulmonary hemorrhage remained stable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rapid implementation of an evidence-based, restrictive platelet transfusion guideline significantly reduced non-indicated platelet transfusions without a concomitant increase in major bleeding events.</p>","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fu-Sheng Chou, Jing Zhang, Maria Fe B Villosis, Ashwini Lakshmanan
{"title":"Exclusive human milk diet is associated with lower risk of motor function impairment at three years of corrected age.","authors":"Fu-Sheng Chou, Jing Zhang, Maria Fe B Villosis, Ashwini Lakshmanan","doi":"10.1038/s41372-025-02296-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02296-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the association between an exclusive human milk diet (EHMD) and motor function impairment at three years of corrected age among infants born before 32 weeks of gestation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study between 2018 and 2021. We assigned to the EHMD group infants who received an EHMD for ≥75% of the days between the first day of diet fortification and 33 6/7 weeks postmenstrual age. We used inverse propensity scores to balance potential confounders and developed a mixed-effects logistic regression model to assess the association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for demographics and morbidities, an EHMD was associated with a reduced risk of motor function impairment, with an odds ratio of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.56-0.98, p = 0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An EHMD is associated with a decrease in the odds of early childhood motor function impairment among infants born before 32 weeks of gestation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arvind Sehgal, Criona Levins, Emma Yeomans, Zhong Lu, David Metz
{"title":"Proteinuria in preterm neonates: influence of fetal growth restriction.","authors":"Arvind Sehgal, Criona Levins, Emma Yeomans, Zhong Lu, David Metz","doi":"10.1038/s41372-025-02306-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02306-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare proteinuria in preterm neonates with fetal growth restriction-small for gestational age (FGR-SGA) against equally preterm but appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective, observational cohort study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen FGR-SGA neonates were compared with 18 AGA neonates (gestation; 29 ± 1 vs 29 ± 2 weeks, P = 0.8). Urine total protein (median [interquartile range]) in FGR-SGA was higher 370 [323, 573] vs 255 [193, 453] mg/L in AGA, P = 0.017 at first assessment (week one) and 565 [445, 743] vs 225 [135, 458] mg/L, P = 0.0011 at second assessment (week four). Urine protein creatinine ratio was 393 [250, 445] in FGR-SGA vs 227 [163, 367] mg/mmol in AGA, P = 0.029 at first assessment and 444 [368, 699] vs 240 [199, 411] mg/mmol, P = 0.0014 at second assessment. Mean blood pressure was higher in FGR-SGA group & directly correlated with proteinuria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased proteinuria in FGR-SGA suggests reduced nephron endowment and hyper-filtration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erin Rholl, Jeanne A Krick, Steven R Leuthner, Amy Y Pan, Sai Alekha Challa, Stephanie Kukora
{"title":"Neonatologists' perceptions of uncertainty: a national survey.","authors":"Erin Rholl, Jeanne A Krick, Steven R Leuthner, Amy Y Pan, Sai Alekha Challa, Stephanie Kukora","doi":"10.1038/s41372-025-02292-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02292-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caitlin M Stoll, Pranav R Jani, Johan Ågren, Edward F Bell, Deanne L August, Carl H Backes, Matthew A Rysavy
{"title":"Approaches to incubator humidification at <25 weeks' gestation and potential impacts on infants.","authors":"Caitlin M Stoll, Pranav R Jani, Johan Ågren, Edward F Bell, Deanne L August, Carl H Backes, Matthew A Rysavy","doi":"10.1038/s41372-025-02294-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02294-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As neonatal care has advanced and more immature infants are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, we must reevaluate fundamental management practices originally developed for infants born at later gestational ages. Studies have investigated the use of various incubator humidification levels in the care of preterm infants of older gestational ages, but evidence regarding management of ambient humidity for infants born at <25 weeks' gestation using contemporary technology is limited. Uncertainty about the best approach to incubator humidification is reflected in major variation in practice around the world. This article summarizes existing evidence about the use of humidity in incubators and its relationship with neonatal skin maturation, fluid management, temperature regulation, and morbidities. It also describes approaches to starting humidification, duration of humidification, and reducing humidification over time. It concludes with a list of important questions requiring future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faris N Al Gharaibeh, Star Liu, James L Wynn, Khyzer B Aziz
{"title":"The utility of neonatal sequential organ failure assessment in mortality risk in all neonates with suspected late-onset infection.","authors":"Faris N Al Gharaibeh, Star Liu, James L Wynn, Khyzer B Aziz","doi":"10.1038/s41372-025-02304-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02304-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assess the utility of the neonatal sequential organ failure assessment score (nSOFA) for evaluation-specific mortality discrimination in all late-onset infection (LOI) evaluations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective Cohort of all neonates who had an LOI evaluation from 2012 to 2023 in a single level IV Academic NICU in Florida, USA. The primary outcome was LOI-evaluation-specific mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1481 neonates had 2916 LOI evaluations with a 3.8% mortality rate. The AUROC for the nSOFA score at evaluation was 0.76 (95% CI 0.71-0.81) and improved to 0.82 (95% CI 0.78-0.87) six hours after. nSOFA ≥2 within 6 h of the start of the LOI was 87% sensitive and 66% specific, with a 99% NPV for mortality, p < 0.0001.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The nSOFA score had good to excellent mortality discrimination at the LOI evaluation level. These results solidify the utility of the nSOFA score as the foundation for a consensus definition of neonatal sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perinatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}