Journal of NeuroVirology最新文献

{"title":"Clinical and behavioral predictors of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder among people with HIV who use substances: a secondary analysis of the HOPE trial.","authors":"Gloria Wang, Xueying Yang, Kesheng Wang, Xiaoming Li, Zheng Dai, Shan Qiao","doi":"10.1007/s13365-026-01315-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-026-01315-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined behavioral, clinical, and hematologic factors associated with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) among people with HIV (PWH) using the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) within a randomized clinical trial. This secondary analysis used data from the Hospital Visit as Opportunity for Prevention and Engagement for HIV-Infected Drug Users (HOPE) study, which enrolled 801 PWH who use substances from 11 U.S. hospitals. CD4 cell count, HIV-1 viral load, Global Severity Index (GSI), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), and Physical and Mental Component Scores (PCS, MCS) were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. HAND was defined as an IHDS score ≤ 10. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to identify baseline correlates of IHDS score and HAND, respectively. Linear mixed models were applied to evaluate the longitudinal changes in clinical outcomes. HAND prevalence was 76.3% (84.2% for females and 72.5% for males). Multivariable linear models revealed that obesity, CD4 cell counts < 200 cells/ µL, higher hemoglobin level and hematocrit, and higher GAF scores were significantly associated with IHDS score (p < 0.05). Furthermore, logistic models showed that recent alcohol use, obesity, viral suppression (≤ 200 copies/mL), hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, and GAF scores were associated with lower odds of HAND, whereas platelet count was linked to higher odds. Longitudinal analyses demonstrated significant increases in hemoglobin, hematocrit, PCS, and MCS over time, alongside decreases in platelet count and GSI. Compared with participants without HAND, those with HAND consistently exhibited lower hemoglobin, hematocrit, GAF, and GSI scores, and higher platelet counts and MCS scores across follow-up. These findings underscore the complex interplay between hematologic and mental health, substance use, and functional status in shaping neurocognitive outcomes among PWH. Targeting modifiable hematologic, behavioral, and psychosocial factors may help reduce HAND risk and improve long-term cognitive and functional outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01612169.</p>","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogens of the human central nervous system-the major viral pathogens.","authors":"Kevin Roe","doi":"10.1007/s13365-026-01311-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-026-01311-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous pathogen infections in the human central nervous system can initiate potentially fatal neurological inflammation, including encephalitis, meningitis, meningoencephalitis and myelitis. Several bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoan parasite pathogens can initiate such neurological disorders. Pathogens of the central nervous system can achieve this either by their original active infections, or by reactivated infections after a period of latency. The original infections can be transmitted between humans by aerosols, respiratory droplets, ingestion, or physical contact. Some pathogens can also be transmitted from mother-to-child. Or the pathogens can be transmitted to humans by non-human vectors, by means of bites from mosquitoes, ticks, flies, or other insects, or by bites, contact, ingestion or proximity involving various wild or domestic animals. In summary, several viral pathogens either in their original active state or during one of their reactivations after latency, are capable of infecting the human central nervous system and initiating the most severe and dangerous types of encephalitis, meningitis, meningoencephalitis and myelitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of miR-140-3p reducing anesthesia induced neurotoxicity by downregulating BACE1 expression.","authors":"Guangping Yang, Li Liu, Zhenbin Zhan, Hai Chen, Jinguang Chen, Shilin Hu, Kangping Yang","doi":"10.1007/s13365-026-01313-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-026-01313-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Propofol is a widely employed intravenous general anesthetic that can induce neurotoxic effects on neurons. Previous research has indicated dysregulation of miR-140-3p in the hippocampal tissues of propofol-treated mice. This research was designed to investigate the function and underlying mechanism of miR-140-3p in propofol-induced neurotoxicity. To simulate propofol-induced neurotoxicity, human SH-SY5Y cells and mice were treated with propofol. Commercial kits were used to measure LDH, MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, and BDNF levels. Cells were transfected with miR-140-3p mimics, inhibitor, or BACE1 overexpression plasmids. Gene expression was assessed by RT-qPCR, cell viability by CCK-8, and apoptosis by flow cytometry. Dual-luciferase and RIP assays confirmed that miR-140-3p targets BACE1. The results confirmed that as the concentration of propofol increased, miR-140-3p levels were progressively downregulated, while BACE1 was correspondingly upregulated. Upregulation of miR-140-3p rescued propofol-treated SH-SY5Y cells from cytotoxicity, as evidenced by enhanced viability, suppressed apoptosis, and ameliorated oxidative stress. Consistently, miR-140-3p overexpression also attenuated propofol-induced neurotoxicity in vivo. Furthermore, BACE1 was confirmed to be a direct target of miR-140-3p through experimental validation, and this post-transcriptional repression was shown to mediate the observed neuroprotection. miR-140-3p attenuates propofol-induced neurotoxicity via BACE1 in vitro and in vivo, providing new insights and a potential biomarker for managing propofol-associated neurotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: The anticancer drug sunitinib promotes autophagy and protects from neurotoxicity in an HIV-1 Tat model of neurodegeneration.","authors":"Jerel A Fields, Jeff Metcalf, Cassia Overk, Anthony Adame, Brian Spencer, Wolfgang Wrasidlo, Jazmin Florio, Edward Rockenstein, Johnny J He, Eliezer Masliah","doi":"10.1007/s13365-026-01312-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-026-01312-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal of neurovirology : West Nile virus lineage 2 neuroinvasive infection presenting as unilateral facial palsy.","authors":"Antonio Mastroianni, Simone Malagò, Valeria Vangeli, Giuliana Guadagnino, Luciana Chidichimo, Maria Vittoria Mauro, Francesca Greco, Robert Tenuta, Lavinia Berardelli, Antonio Mori, Sonia Greco, Concetta Castilletti","doi":"10.1007/s13365-026-01310-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-026-01310-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-cohort comparison of the prevalence and clinical significance of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in people with versus without HIV.","authors":"Lillian Ham, Olivia Villers, Judith D Lobo, Tyler R Bell, Debralee Cookson, Douglas Galasko, Scott L Letendre, Mark W Bondi, David J Moore, Erin E Sundermann","doi":"10.1007/s13365-026-01309-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13365-026-01309-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13018001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147512844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of extracellular vesicles derived from HIV-infected T cells and microglial cells in neuroinflammation and neuropathogenesis using a blood-brain barrier and cerebral organoid co-culture model.","authors":"Jun Yang, Zhimin Feng, Grace A McComsey, Ann Avery, Corrilynn Hileman, Wen-Cheng Xiong, Tyler Alban, Ge Jin, Bing Wang","doi":"10.1007/s13365-025-01297-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-025-01297-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV-1 Nef induces astrocytes proliferation, inflammatory response, A1-like astrocytes polarization and subsequent neuronal apoptosis via NF-κB signaling pathway.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Huan Yao, Wenhua Tao, Duo Cao, Lin Gao","doi":"10.1007/s13365-026-01307-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13365-026-01307-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":"32 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147433769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond accuracy: facial emotion perception bias in people with HIV in Uganda.","authors":"K Ridgeway, Rebecca E Easter, Aggrey Anok, Raha M Dastgheyb, Scott A Langenecker, Julie Mannarino, Noeline Nakasujja, Deanna Saylor, Eran F Shorer, Stephen Tomusange, Gertrude Nakigozi, Robert Paul, Leah H Rubin","doi":"10.1007/s13365-025-01290-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13365-025-01290-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA biomarkers for JC virus reactivation and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients: a systematic review.","authors":"Hasan Kaveyee, Javad Aalipour, Masoud Etemadifar, Mehrdad Roozbeh, Mohammadmahdi Emami, Pantea Miralaei","doi":"10.1007/s13365-025-01291-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-025-01291-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16665,"journal":{"name":"Journal of NeuroVirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}