Journal of Parasitic Diseases最新文献

{"title":"First report of nematode parasite, <i>Camallanus cotti</i> (Camallanidae) (Fujita, 1927) in <i>Barilius bola</i> (Cyprinidae) (Hamilton 1822), from Jaldhaka river of North Bengal, West Bengal.","authors":"Chayanika Roy, Santi Ranjan Dey, Priya Roy, Riya Mondal, Biplab Bhowmik","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01749-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01749-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study the parasitic nematode, <i>Camallanus cotti</i> (Camallanidae) was identified for the first time in a new host fish, <i>Barilius bola</i> (Cyprinidae), from the Jaldhaka river in North Bengal, the northern part of West Bengal, India, during the period from January 2023 to December 2023. The parasite infected the gastrointestinal region and was protruding from the anal opening, showing excessive mucus secretion in the anal region of its host. Sixty-six (58.41%) out of 113 medium-sized fish were infected. Marked variations in the prevalence, mean intensity, and relative abundance were observed in the summer. These variations might be due to the environmental conditions during different seasons and the presence of an intermediate host for this parasite. Worms were described morphologically and morphometrically by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Previously identified novel characters were confirmed and reassessed. More studies are required to determine the internal problems of the fish and the impact, establishment and spread of this parasite.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"207-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc nanoparticles coated with peppermint (<i>Mentha piperita</i>) essential oil: a nanoformulated compound with anti-leishmanial activity.","authors":"Mahsa Siyavoshi Zangiyani, Fatemeh Livani, Roghiyeh Faridnia, Hamed Kalani","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01741-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01741-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) treatment is facing a problem due to the increase in drug resistance. Nanoparticles, due to their characteristics, are suitable candidates for disease treatment. The aim of this study is the in vitro evaluation of zinc nanoparticles coated with peppermint (<i>Mentha piperita</i>) essential oil on <i>Leishmania major</i>. The effects of different concentrations of Zn-<i>Mp</i> and meglumine antimoniate (MA; as a positive control) were studied on the promastigote and amastigote of <i>Leishmania major</i>, and their selectivity index (SI) was evaluated. The peaks at 2361.02 cm^-1 (C-N stretching), 1213.78 cm^-1 (CO-NH stretching), and 1110.83 cm^-1 (C=O stretching) were attributed to Zn-<i>Mp</i>. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC₅₀) was 17.48 μg/mL for Zn-<i>Mp</i> and 19.09 μg/mL for MA on promastigote (<i>P</i> = 0.47). It was 11.3 μg/mL for Zn-<i>Mp</i> and 14.1 μg/mL for MA on amastigote (<i>P</i> = 0.79). Lower IC₅₀ on amastigote for Zn-<i>Mp</i> indicated better effectiveness on <i>L</i>. <i>major</i> compared to MA, but higher SI for MA (37.55) as compared to Zn-<i>Mp</i> (18.9) (<i>P</i> = 0.0002), highlighting more safety for MA. Compared to MA, the anti-leishmanial effect of Zn-<i>Mp</i> and its nontoxic effects on macrophages (SI > 10) show that Zn-<i>Mp</i> can be a candidate for the treatment of CL and it should be further studied on animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological evaluation of <i>Capillaria hepatica</i> (Bancroft, 1893) in <i>Cricetomys gambianus</i> (Waterhouse, 1840).","authors":"Samson Eneojo Abalaka, Sunday Augustine Ejeh","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01743-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01743-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatic capillariasis is a global neglected zoonotic disease with small rodents and lagomorphs as host animals although cases have occurred in over 140 mammals, including in humans to underscore its health implications to both animals and humans. A total of 20 free-living <i>Cricetomys gambianus</i> were sampled from the wild within the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, for the presence of and effects of <i>Capillaria hepatica</i> between August 2023 - May 2024. The lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys of the sampled rats were promptly harvested, observed and recorded, and fixed in 10% formalin for histopathological evaluations after humane animal sacrifice according to standard procedures. There were no obvious gross lesions while cellular changes occurred only in the liver that were characterized by the presence of clusters of parasitic eggs with hepatic necrosis and inflammatory responses. The presence of the ellipsoidal-shaped and double layered straited shelled-eggs with operculum and the hepatic cellular changes led to a definitive diagnosis of <i>Capillaria hepatica</i> with a 10% prevalence rate. The findings highlighted the health risk to the animal and the human consumers of infected. <i>Cricetomys gambianus</i> whose meat is considered a delicacy within the study area and other parts of the world. Outside the probable role of host animal's adaptation strategy being responsible for the non-typical granulomatous inflammation and hepatic septal fibrotic cellular changes, there is a need for more studies to further elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease condition in this particular animal species in the patho-epidemiology of hepatic capillariasis within the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"186-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of metformin's effect on the adult and juvenile stages of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>: an in-vitro study.","authors":"Heba Nasser Abdel Menaem, Marmar Ahmed Hanafy, Marwa Abou El Dahab, Khalifa El Sayed Khalifa Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01731-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01731-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metformin (Met), a well-known anti-diabetic drug with a potent autophagy induction property, has been proven to be effective against several parasitic diseases. In the present in vitro study, the effect of Met on the viability and ultrastructure of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> adults and juveniles in comparison with the standard anti-schistosomal drug, praziquantel (PZQ), was investigated. Adults and juveniles were treated in vitro with 5 µM PZQ and/or 10 mM Met. The viability of the treated worms was screened over a three-day period by light microscopy and recorded as mortality rates (MR). The alterations in the ultrastructure were verified using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Met showed significant anti-schistosomal activity against both adults and juveniles and resulted in severe tegumental damage in the form of loss of integrity and architecture, with evident vacuolation suggestive of increased autophagy. Met might be a potential drug either alone or as an adjuvant to PZQ for the treatment of schistosomiasis <i>mansoni</i> and warrant its further assessment in animal models of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"69-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Albendazole resistance evidence in <i>Teladorsagia circumcincta</i> in Iranian sheep by allele-specific PCR.","authors":"Yousef Mirzaei, Mohammad Yakhchali, Karim Mardani","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01732-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01732-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) have a considerable impact on the livestock husbandry and health conditions in Iran as well as worldwide. The infected animals with GIN mostly need chemical therapy which leads to the development of anthelmintic drug resistance. The main objective of the current study was to determine the frequency of β-tubulin isotype 1 gene polymorphism to albendazole (Alb) in <i>Teladorsagia circumcincta</i> isolated from sheep abomasum in Urmia city, Iran. A total number of 140 sheep abomasa were randomly collected and 57(40.7%) were infected with <i>T. circumcincta</i> (157 adult <i>T. circumcincta</i> per sheep). Alb resistance in <i>T. circumcincta</i> determined using Allele-Specific PCR (ASP) technique. Molecularly, the frequency of resistant alleles to Alb in examined <i>T. circumcincta</i> was 48.3%, i.e. 51.7% homozygous susceptible (SS), 6.9% homozygous resistant (rr) and 41.4% heterozygous susceptible (Sr). It was concluded that Alb-resistance alleles were increasingly widespread in examined <i>T. circumcincta</i>, therefore prevention and control program should be lunched in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"57-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of nematodes, <i>Equinurbia sipunculiformis</i> and <i>Quilonia renniei</i> in a wild male elephant: a case report.","authors":"S T Bino Sundar, Thirunagari Ramanujadas, K Rajesh Kumar, B Nishanth, S Arunkumar, A Sangaran, Bhaskaran Ravi Latha","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01733-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01733-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occurrence of the nematodes, <i>Equinurbia sipunculiformis</i> and <i>Quilonia renniei</i> in the intestinal tract of a six-year-old, free ranging male elephant (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) observed during necropsy is reported. The worms were collected in 10% formalin and processed. <i>E. sipunculiformis</i> worms were stout, males were shorter than females. A total of 65 worms were recovered out of which 45 were male worms and 20 were female worms. They had a characteristic head with a cuticular prominence and a sub globular cup shaped buccal capsule without teeth. The external leaf crown was characteristic projecting above the anterior end of the worm. The oesophagus was enlarged immediately behind the buccal capsule, then cylindrical, and gradually enlarged. Male worms had a well-developed bursa at the posterior end with equal, alate and ornamentated spicules with elongated lateral bursal lobes. Female worms had a tapered tail with a conical prominence and a vulval opening at its summit. Uterus was filled with thin shelled eggs. <i>Q. renniei</i> male worms were shorter in length than female worms. A total of 150 worms were recovered out of which 110 were male worms and 40 were female worms. Cuticular striations were observed. Mouth collar and buccal capsule were present. The external leaf crown projected beyond the surface of the head. Male worms had a well-developed bursa and spicules. The dorsal ray of the bursa was comparatively short. The lateral and ventral rays were slender. Female worms had a pointed tail. The vulva was situated at a distance from the tip of the tail. Uterus was filled with oval thin shelled eggs. Pathological findings included pale mucous membrane, anaemia and haemorrhagic enteritis. The present observations on the occurrence of nematode infection with <i>E. sipunculiformis</i> and <i>Q. renniei</i> will be important to map the status of nematodiasis in elephants in wild and to frame strategies for control of intestinal nematodiasis in wild elephants.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"62-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evasive mechanisms of human VSG and PfEMP1 antigens with link to Vaccine scenario: a review.","authors":"Okechukwu Anthony Obi, Rose Nduka Obiezue, Desmond Eze, David Adeyinka Adebote","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01740-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01740-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent fights on the control of trypanosomiasis and malaria focused on underscoring the concepts of antigen evasive mechanisms with the view to exploit the defensive mechanisms inherent in VSG and PfEMP1, although giant strides is being achieved towards beating the antigenic propensity of malaria parasites. <i>Trypanosoma</i> and <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> adopt a common antigenic novelty through alternate expression of VSG and PfEMP1 respectively. These immunodominant antigens sterically shield other surface proteins from host antibodies and unvaryingly turn out to be the requisite elements with difficult underlining immunological concept for unmatched escape mechanisms of vaccine actions. Hence, the uncommon role of the pathogens to brazenly circumnavigate immunity through switching of variant antigens has not kept pace. Switching of variant surface in human trypanosomes occurs through programmed DNA rearrangements while in <i>P</i>. <i>falciparum</i>, switching occurs by purely transcriptional mechanism. The repertoire genes harmonize evasion of human immunity and also rekindle the outcome of infections. The extensive sequence divergence and genetic polymorphism of VSG and PfEMP1 are the requisite elements for the next generation breakthrough in vaccine discoveries. Thus, the springboard for the development of novel targets is lurking with the wit of unraveling the immunological concepts underlining the evasive aptitude of VSG and PfEMP1 with convincing biochemical techniques, hence offering a blueprint for enhanced vaccine targets. This review elucidates evasive mechanisms of VSG and PfEMP1 with link to pathologies, challenges of antigenic switches and prospects to current vaccine scenario.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"13-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antiparasitic effect of C-Phycocyanin nanoparticles on cryptosporidiosis in immunosuppressed mice.","authors":"Esraa Abdelhamid Moneer, Sara H Akl, Yahya H Shahin, Sendianah H Shahin, Bassma H Elwakil, Areej Eskandrani, Keshav Raj Paudel, Basant A Bakr","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01739-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01739-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to newly synthesize C-Phycocyanin nanoparticles through a ball-milling technique. C-Phycocyanin nanoparticles had average diameter of 290.2 nm, zeta potential 48.3 mV and 0.390 PDI. The synthesized nanoparticles were tested as an anti-cryptosporidiosis agent compared to the crude C-Phycocyanin. Cryptosporidiosis induction was done in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice. The antiparasitic effect was evaluated through multiplex qualitative PCR, count of oocysts, serum biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and antioxidant markers, cytokine analysis, and histopathological study (qualitative and quantitative). Multiplex qualitative PCR analysis revealed the presence of the tested parasite gene (JVAF) in all the treated groups. The percentage of the highest reduction of the oocysts means counting has been detected in the infected mice treated with nitazoxanide (NTZ) (Ic, IIc) followed by treatment with C-Phycocyanin nano (Ie, IIe), then C-Phycocyanin (Id, IId) (42, 48, 37, 36 15, and 29% respectively). C-Phycocyanin and C-Phycocyanin nanoparticles treated groups dramatically affected the levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity. Moreover, treatment with C-Phycocyanin and C-Phycocyanin nanoparticles significantly reduced cytokines levels (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (INF-γ), and interleukin (IL-13)) in contrast to untreated groups. The histological results in the tissues of mice's ileum which are infected by <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. (positive control) exhibited cellular inflammation in the submucosa and lamina properia, as well as thickening and flattening of the villi. However, the application of nanoparticles allowed the villus to grow further, indicating the nano impact of the cryptosporidiosis treatment.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1007/s12639-024-01739-2).</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"173-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic profile of <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i> isolated from the livestock and human in northwest Iran.","authors":"Saeed Arabloo, Morteza Ghanbari Johkool, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi, Alireza Mohammadzadeh, Davoud Mohammadi, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Mehrzad Saraei, Peyman Heydarian, Milad Badri, Elham Hajialilo","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01738-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01738-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is categorized among the highly important zoonoses, occurring in many regions of the world. Iran is a significant endemic focus of CE, where it poses substantial economic and public health challenges to local communities. The current study aimed to identify the genotype and species profile of <i>E. granulosus</i> among the patients and livestock in Qazvin, Iran. A total of 80 hydatid cyst samples were collected from humans as well as farm animals including sheep, cattle, and goats. DNA extraction and PCR-sequencing were conducted targeting the mitochondrial CO1 and ND1 regions. Molecular phylogeny and haplotype network analysis was calculated for the isolates. Out of 79 evaluated samples, 97.5% belonged to G1 genotype and 2.5% to G3 genotype. The G1 genotype was present in all infected participants. Also, the study showed the G1 to be the most common genotype of <i>E. granulosus</i> among both the humans and the animals examined. Furthermore, our results emphasize on the importance of the sheep-dog cycle in public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"142-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological diagnosis of <i>Toxocara canis</i> in mothers and their neonate referred to selected teaching hospitals, Tehran, Iran, 2020.","authors":"Malihe Mohebi, Somayeh Aghamolaei, Mohammad Reza Sohrabi, Hooshang Khazan, Ali Rostami","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01725-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01725-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxocariasis is a common zoonotic parasitic disease, primarily caused by the larvae of <i>Toxocara canis</i> or <i>T. cati</i>. Humans become infected through accidental ingestion of infective eggs in soil contaminated with feces of infected animals, or by consuming undercooked meat from paratenic hosts harboring <i>Toxocara</i> larvae. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of <i>Toxocara</i> spp. in 250 mothers and their 250 neonates referred to selected teaching hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2020. Data were recorded using a specialized questionnaire, and serum and peripheral blood smears (for eosinophil count) were collected. Serum samples were tested using the ELISA serological test for IgG antibodies against <i>Toxocara</i> spp. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics software version 21.0. A chi-square test was performed, and a <i>P</i> value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Among the 500 participants, 24 cases (4.8%) tested positive for anti-<i>Toxocara canis</i> IgG antibodies. Seropositive cases included 6 mothers only (25%), 6 neonates only (25%), and 12 cases both mother and their neonate (50%). Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between the presence of anti-<i>Toxocara</i> antibodies and hospital type and nationality (<i>P</i> value < 0.05). However, no significant relationship was found between the presence of antibodies and other demographic variables such as age, sex, eosinophilia, and history of contact with animals in mothers and their neonates (<i>P</i> value > 0.05). This study indicates a substantial rate <i>Toxocara</i> infection in mothers and neonates, necessitating appropriate preventive measures by the relevant authorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"48 4","pages":"944-949"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}