Journal of Parasitic Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Investigating therapeutic efficacy of silymarin on intestinal and muscular phases of trichinellosis: an experimental study.","authors":"Walaa Ramadan Waly, Mousa Abdel Gawad Mousa Ismail, Marwa Ahmed Ghieth, Samah Sayed Abdel Gawad, Eman Sayed El-Wakil, Wegdan Mohamed Abd El Wahab, Marwa Mohamed Ahmed, Amr M A Mousa, Mona Ibrahim Ali","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01735-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01735-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trichinellosis, one of the parasitic zoonoses, is treated with a benzimidazole derivative, primarily albendazole. However, this treatment has a lot of side effects and is not sufficiently effective in killing the encysted larvae. Silymarin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, has been proven to have anti-parasitic activities and various medical uses. The current study aimed to evaluate silymarin efficacy against intestinal and muscular phases of murine trichinellosis compared to the standard drug; albendazole. Forty-eight mice were divided into four discrete groups: healthy model; diseased model; silymarin treatment; and albendazole treatment. The assessment of therapy efficacy was conducted parasitologically through counting the adult worms and muscle larvae, histopathologically through examination of the intestinal and muscular tissues, and, immunohistochemically through muscular expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor. Both silymarin and albendazole-treated groups demonstrated a statistically significant decrease (<i>P</i> < 0.001) in the mean count of adult <i>Trichinella</i> and the encysted larvae when compared to the diseased model, with an improvement of intestinal and muscular inflammation, and degeneration of the encysted larvae in muscles. Also, vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity was significantly reduced in both silymarin, and albendazole-treated groups compared to the diseased model. Silymarin recorded antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic effects on experimental trichinellosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Cupressus sempervirens</i> recovers disturbance of normal male fertilization in <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>-infected mice.","authors":"Khaled M M Koriem, Taghrid K A El-Gohary","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01730-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01730-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease and it associated with erectile dysfunction and infertility while <i>Cupressus sempervirens</i> possesses anti-oxidant properties. This study evaluates <i>Cupressus sempervirens</i> to protect the male fertility, and to preserve sperm quality in <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> (<i>S. mansoni</i>)-infected mice. A 36 male albino mice of six equal sets were used in the study each with 6 mice; Control, cupressuflavone (200 mg/kg), and <i>Cupressus sempervirens</i> (<i>C. sempervirens</i>) (80 mg/kg), <i>S. mansoni</i> <b>-</b>infected mice, cupressuflavone (200 mg/kg) <b>+</b> <i>S. mansoni</i> <b>-</b>infected mice, and <i>C. sempervirens</i> (80 mg/kg) <b>+</b> <i>S. mansoni</i> <b>-</b>infected mice for 4 weeks. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and Sex hormone binding globulin were determined. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, total protein, and cholesterol in testis were detected. Antioxidants and sodium/potassium-ATPase in the hypothalamus, testis, and sperm were identified. Sperm counts, motility, and abnormality, as well as, sperm monoclonal proliferating antibody Ki-67 were evaluated. The results revealed that <i>S. mansoni</i> decreased superoxide dismutase, glutathione, serum testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sperm count and motility, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity while increased malondialdehyde, serum follicle stimulating hormone, sex hormone binding globulin, and luteinizing hormone, glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, cholesterol, total protein, sperm abnormality, the percentage of spermatogonia, 1st spermatocyte, 2nd spermatocyte, and spermatid in the testis. Also, <i>C. sempervirens</i> and cupressuflavone oral administration to <i>S. mansoni</i>-infected group back all of the aforementioned parameters to be close control values where <i>C. sempervirens</i> had an efficient impact than cupressuflavone did. In conclusion, <i>C. sempervirens</i> sustains testosterone cycle and sperm quality in <i>S. mansonii</i>-related testicular dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"149-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A potential therapeutic effect of sea cucumber <i>Holothuria polii</i> extract during the intestinal phase of experimental trichinellosis.","authors":"Salwa A El-Saidy, Asmaa S El-Feki, Gihan M El-Khodary, Amal A A Hassan, Dina I Elgendy, Yasmeen M Gawaan","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01737-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01737-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trichinellosis is a severe parasitic disease transmitted by food, specifically caused by <i>Trichinella spiralis</i>, which exhibits great clinical importance worldwide. Albendazole (ABZ) is the main clinical treatment for trichinellosis but has some adverse effects and drug resistance. Sea cucumber <i>Holothuria polii</i> is an essential source of beneficial therapeutic metabolites. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to explore the potential therapeutic effectiveness of <i>H. polii</i> extract (HPE) during the intestinal phase of trichinellosis and the possibility of using it as a supplement to ABZ. For this purpose, mice were divided into a control group and four <i>T. spiralis</i>-infected groups: infected untreated, infected and ABZ-treated, infected and HPE-treated, and infected and combined therapy-treated groups. The treatment with the combined therapy decreased parasitic load by 96.76%, caused deleterious effects on the adult worm cuticle, improved jejunum histological architecture, diminished intestinal inflammatory cytokines, and decreased oxidative damage compared with the infected untreated group and ABZ-treated group. The ameliorating effect of HPE could be due to its total antioxidant capacity content and the presence of natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents like saponins, phenolics, alkaloids, and flavonoids. In conclusion, HPE has a multifaceted, effective impact on trichinellosis and can be considered an ABZ-promising complementary treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"224-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of -20 C° cryopreservation on serum factors from schistosomiasis patients at different storage durations: insights into serum bio-banking.","authors":"Azza Ibrahim Aladawy, Mostafa Elnakib, Mohamed Abdel Fattah, Ahmed Gad Taha, Enas Aly El Saftawy","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01734-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01734-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is indefinite for research applications if prolonged freeze-stored serum from <i>Schistosoma</i>-infected patients is useful. We assessed - 20 °C freezing as a rapid and inexpensive method. A longitudinal cohort study with staggered follow-up periods evaluated the impact of cryopreservation on serum residues from 24 <i>Schistosoma</i>-infected Egyptian patients. Fresh serums were collected in March 2022 and assessed by the indirect haemagglutination test for <i>Schistosoma</i> immunoglobulin titrations and calorimetric assays for ALT, AST, total serum protein, Na⁺, K⁺, Ca⁺⁺, and Mg⁺⁺ (baseline values). Sera were then frozen and categorized into 4 groups (6 patients each) according to freezing duration; 3 months (group-1), 6 months (group-2), 9 months (group-3), and 12 months (group-4). Re-evaluation was performed on the <i>Schistosoma</i> immunoglobulin recovery rates and all other serum chemical factors. Baseline assessment showed increased mean values of <i>Schistosoma</i> immunoglobulins, ALT, AST, and proteins; yet, Ca⁺⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺ were reduced. Mg⁺⁺ showed normal values. Compared with the baselines, - 20 °C freezing showed significant deviations and increased percentage change in <i>Schistosoma</i> immunoglobulin titers, ALT, AST, K⁺, and Na⁺ at different time intervals of archiving (p-value ≤ 0.05). Evaluating serum factors interactions post-thawing revealed that AST correlated positively with ALT and Mg⁺⁺ sera levels whereas Ca⁺⁺ negatively correlated with Na⁺ and <i>Schistosoma</i> antibody titer. Analyzing baselines revealed that the parasite alters levels of immunoglobulin, ALT, AST, proteins, Ca⁺⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺. - 20 °C cryopreservation did not guarantee the stability of all tK⁺hese serum parameters. In addition, some serum factors appeared to interact together. Assessing the efficacy of - 20 °C freezing on the next-generation sequencing is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"162-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and histopathological analysis of hytadid cysts in sheep and cattle slaughtered in Batna, Northeast Algeria.","authors":"Sameh Baghezza, Abdennour Azizi, Asma Amina Foughali, Khireddine Ghougal, Bakir Mamache, Omar Bennoune","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01742-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01742-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydatid disease caused by <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i> (<i>E. granulosus</i>) represents a significant public health and economic problem. This zoonosis remains endemic in some regions of Algeria. The objectives of the study were to investigate the prevalence of hydatid cysts in cattle and sheep slaughtered at the slaughterhouse in Batna, Northeast Algeria, and characterize associated lesions through histopathology. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to December 2019, where 13,903 cattle and sheep passed through post-mortem examination of lungs and liver for cyst detection. Samples were collected for histological analysis. Prevalence was compared between species and affected organs, while risk factor determination was based on sex, age, and season. The prevalence of hydatid cysts was significantly higher in cattle (2.16 ± 0.5%) compared to sheep (0.54 ± 0.1%) (<i>P</i> < 0.001), suggesting a species-related susceptibility. In both species, cysts mainly affect the lungs. The prevalence varied significantly based on age, sex, and seasonal factors. The risk of hydatidosis significantly increases in females (<i>P</i> < 0.0001; OR = 151.47, 95% CI = 63.57-360.92) and adults (<i>P</i> < 0.0001; OR = 10.63, 95% CI = 4.65-24.30) ruminants, especially in summer (<i>P</i> < 0.046; OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.01-4.54). The histopathological examination revealed various cyst sizes with reactional layers related to host inflammation. Hydatid disease remains endemic in Batna. Comprehensive control through meat inspection, condemnation of infected organs, and dog deworming programs are needed to reduce the public health risks and economic impacts of this critical zoonosis. Improved surveillance allows informed intervention design and assessment of control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the public health and zoonotic impacts of <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> assemblages in domestic animals of southwestern Iran.","authors":"Ali Asghari, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Qasem Asgari, Laya Shamsi, Mohsen Eghball","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01727-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01727-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Domestic animals play a vital role in the spread and transmission of various zoonotic agents to humans. <i>Giardia duodenalis</i>, an important enteric zoonotic parasite, is widespread globally. This research aimed to assess the presence and genetic diversity of <i>G. duodenalis</i> assemblages in domestic animals in Shiraz, southern Iran. A total of 245 fresh fecal samples were collected from 87 dogs, 63 cats, and 95 cattle in Shiraz, the capital city of Fars province, between July 2021 and August 2022. None of the animals showed gastrointestinal signs such as diarrhea, and all fecal samples had normal consistency. Upon parasite observation using light microscopy, a DNA fragment of <i>G. duodenalis tpi</i> gene was amplified using nested-PCR. Using direct wet mount and Wheatley's trichrome staining examination, 9 out of 245 samples (3.7%; 1 from dogs and 8 from cattle) tested positive for <i>G. duodenalis</i>. Molecular methods confirmed 1.1% (1/87) of dogs and 8.4% (8/95) of cattle to be positive. Giardiasis was not detected in cats. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that <i>Giardia</i> isolates infecting dogs and cattle in Shiraz belonged to three genotypes/assemblages: A, B (zoonotic), and E (non-zoonotic). In cattle, assemblage E (75%; 6/8), A (12.5%; 1/8), and B (12.5%; 1/8) were identified, while dogs were infected with assemblage A (100%; 1/1). In Shiraz, southwestern Iran, cattle and dogs could potentially transmit <i>G. duodenalis</i> infections to humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"242-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the prevalence and diagnosis of feline otoacariasis in Egypt.","authors":"Khaled Mohamed El-Dakhly, Mohamed Ahmed Bakry, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel-Rahim, Waleed M Arafa, Hend Ibrahim Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01746-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01746-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ear mite, <i>Otodectes cynotis</i> Hering, 1838 (Family: Psoroptidae) is the common cause of a worldwide parasitic infestation in cats, feline otoacariasis. The current study aimed to detect the occurrence of <i>Otodectes cynotis</i> in owned cats of various breeds in Cairo, Giza and Beni-Suef provinces, Egypt. Risk factors including age, sex, breed and seasons were considered. Questionnaire of cat owners was done. Mites were collected from cats and underwent laboratory investigations for further identification. Conventional PCR was done using specific primers targeting mtDNA CO1 and the revealed mite sequences genetically compared to those recorded in GenBank using phylogenetic analysis. The overall prevalence of mites was 25.47% (174/683). Clinically, various degrees of clinical signs were exhibited; mostly, brownish granular/waxy ear discharge, pruritis head rubbing, erythematous dermatitis and unilateral ear scratching. The recovered mites were microscopically identified. Adult males, females as well as developmental stages, including eggs, protonymphs and deuto-/tritonymphs, were recognized. Specific diagnostic PCR band revealed at 655 bp. Phylogenetically, the recovered mite species was closely related to similar species recorded in GenBank. The mite was predominant in the ear canal of infested cats. Among risk factors, it has been found that age, seasons and breed significantly influenced the prevalence of <i>Otodectes cynotis</i>. On the other hand, no statistical significance relative to the sex was obtained. Based on the revealed criteria, it has been found that the recovered mite was <i>Otodectes cynotis</i>. Further investigations are needed for control programming in terms of hygiene.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"193-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> from the masseter muscles of equines destined for human consumption in a slaughterhouse in southern Brazil.","authors":"Uillians Volkart de Oliveira, José Luís Varjão, Ana Graziela de Jesus Deiró, Bianca Mendes Maciel, Fabiana Lessa Silva, Alexandre Moraes Pinheiro, Luis Fernando Pita Gondim, Alexandre Dias Munhoz","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01744-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01744-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to isolate <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> from equids destined for slaughter in a Brazilian slaughterhouse. A total of 354 equids were analyzed, with blood samples collected from all the animals and samples of masseter muscle and brain tissue collected from 319 animals. A serological test was conducted to detect equids with specific antibodies for <i>T. gondii</i>. Molecular detection of <i>T. gondii</i> by nested PCR was performed on the tissue samples collected. Tissue samples were tested by murine bioassay in an attempt to isolate either the parasite or the parasite DNA. Real-time PCR was performed on the brain samples from 11 mice which seroconverted after inoculation, to quantify the parasitic DNA. Genotyping was performed in masseter tissues samples from positive horses or from tissues of mice inoculated with masseter. The seroprevalence of <i>T. gondii</i> infection was 19.2%. Nested PCR showed that 5.3% of the equines and 28.8% of the mice from the bioassays were positive for <i>T. gondii</i>. Nine masseter muscle samples were positive (either on nested-PCR or in bioassay). Genotyping by PCR-RFLP was attempeted on all 12 isolates and was successful in seven, revealing six recombinant and one atypical genotype. The detection of <i>T. gondii</i> DNA in masseter muscle tissue of horses destined for consumption clearly indicates a risk to human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"121-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algerian leishmaniasis history.","authors":"Fayçal Zeroual, Mohamed Fethi Diouani, Nazim Messaoudi, Adam Borhan Eddine Bessou, Aya Boukhezna, Zineb Zeroual, Safia Zeroual, Maroua Zeroual, Elena Violeta Simione","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01736-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01736-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Historically, leishmaniasis can be traced back to more than 2500 BC, according to several hypotheses, fossil records, and molecular results on archaeological resource samples. In this article, we delve into history to provide some facts and preliminary information serving as a historical overview of leishmaniasis in Algeria, an endemic country ranked second worldwide for the cutaneous form. This article provides an overview of the current situation based on an in-depth analysis of epidemiological data, scientific publications, and official reports. It aims to strengthen data and information on this zoonosis in this country to encourage and prompt more responsible social and scientific behavior. We started with Algerian leishmaniasis before Algeria's French colonial period (before 1830), then the colonial period (between 1830 and 1962), and finally, the country's current period of independence (after 1962). The overall aim of this work is to update the data provided on this parasitosis and make a positive contribution to the fight against this pathology, which remains, until now, a source of mortality and physical and psychological after-effects for all affected patients in this country.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of canine cryptosporidiosis in Africa and prevalence of clinical infection in Oyo, Ogun, and Kwara states, Nigeria.","authors":"Adekunle Bamidele Ayinmode, Oluwasola Olaiya Obebe, Oluwafemi Babatunde Daodu, Adeyemi Oluwafunmilayo Jolaosho","doi":"10.1007/s12639-024-01747-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12639-024-01747-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection is a significant parasitic disease affecting both humans and animals worldwide. However, there is limited data on its prevalence in canine populations across Africa. This study was carried out between December 2021 and August 2022 to assess the burden of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection in dogs on the continent through a meta-analysis and a targeted survey of dogs presented at veterinary clinics in Nigeria. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using available studies on <i>Cryptosporidium</i> prevalence in dogs from African countries to determine the pooled prevalence. Additionally, a survey was carried out to determine the prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> oocysts in 309 dogs presented at veterinary clinics across several Nigerian states using microscopy and the presence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> DNA was confirmed using the nested PCR methods. Data suitable for meta-analysis were found from only three African countries - Nigeria, Zambia, and Mozambique - highlighting a significant research gap across the continent. The pooled estimates of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection in Africa was 13.7% (95% CI: 7.7, 22.9), with country-specific rates of 22% in Nigeria, 5.9% in Zambia, and 6.4% in Mozambique. The survey conducted in Nigeria revealed a low prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> oocysts (6.7%) in dogs presented at clinics, while PCR confirmed the presence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> DNA in positive samples. The findings highlight the significance of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> as a health concern in African canine populations, with prevalence rates comparable to global figures. The low prevalence observed in clinical settings indicates that routine screening should still be prioritized to ensure early detection and treatment, given the potential zoonotic risk posed by <i>C. canis</i> (the dominant species in dogs). Further research is needed to address the geographic and diagnostic gaps identified and to explore the clinical and public health implications of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection in dogs across Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":16664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitic Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}