Journal of Orthopaedic Research®最新文献

{"title":"Not All Cams Are Equal: MRI-Based Statistical Shape Modeling Reveals High Variability in Cam Shape in a Large FAI Cohort","authors":"Catherine Yuh,&nbsp;Philip Malloy,&nbsp;Sage Zonner,&nbsp;Cameron Gerhold,&nbsp;Eric Hu,&nbsp;Jesus Cervantes,&nbsp;Jorge Chahla,&nbsp;Shane J. Nho,&nbsp;Steven P. Mell","doi":"10.1002/jor.70285","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.70285","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Evidence indicates that alpha angle (AA) is inadequate for describing cam morphology, contributing to poor patient selection and clinical outcomes for cam-type femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI). While techniques such as statistical shape modeling (SSM) have advanced knowledge of 3D femoral morphology, many studies utilize computed tomography, which incurs ionizing radiation, or small sample sizes, limiting clinical implementation and generalization. Here, we conducted SSM using MRI-derived 3D femur models from a large cohort of FAI patients to explore: (1) What proximal femur features drive shape variability? (2) What variability exists within the area of the cam deformity? (3) Are shape modes correlated to AA, age, sex, and BMI? 103 FAI patients were enrolled (µ ± σ): Age (29.9 ± 12.1 Years), BMI (24.6 ± 4.8), AA (60.3° ± 9.8), Female/Male (75/28). Shape modes were determined through principal component analysis. Relationships between shape modes and AA, age, and BMI were evaluated through linear regression. Sex differences were analyzed using linear discriminant analysis. Thirteen modes explained 91.0% of femoral shape variance, with the first six modes explaining 82.2%, four of which were associated with the cam deformity region. No relationship was found between any mode versus AA, BMI, or age. Sex-based shape differences were primarily captured by the first mode.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proximal femur in cam-type FAI patients demonstrated substantial regional shape variability, with cam-related morphology distributed across multiple independent modes rather than a single uniform deformity pattern. Sex was a major driver of proximal femoral shape variation. These findings may inform morphology-based classification, outcome analysis, and patient-specific surgical planning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cationic Tantalum Oxide Nanoparticle and Neutral Iodixanol Contrast Agents Alter Cartilage Mechanical Properties.","authors":"Maria Rissanen, Jiri Jäntti, Juuso Tuppurainen, Milka Poimala, Brian D Snyder, Mark W Grinstaff, Mika E Mononen, Miitu K M Honkanen, Janne T A Mäkelä","doi":"10.1002/jor.70297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early detection of cartilage degeneration remains a critical unmet clinical need. While contrast-enhanced computed tomography shows promise in detecting early structural and compositional changes in articular cartilage, full adoption into clinical use requires a comprehensive understanding of how contrast agents affect cartilage function, including potential biomechanical alterations. This study investigates how exposure to two contrast agents, pre-clinical ultrasmall cationic tantalum oxide nanoparticles (Ta₂O₅-cNPs) and neutral iodixanol, approved for clinical use, affect the mechanical and frictional properties of articular cartilage. Biomechanical and tribological properties of osteochondral samples (n = 60) from adult bovine stifle joints (N = 9) were systematically assessed before and after contrast agent immersion using friction testing, stress-relaxation, and dynamic loading protocols. The effect of solid and charged contrast agents on extracellular matrix stiffness and fluid-flow properties was studied using finite element modeling, which enabled interpretation of the stress-relaxation response and extraction of constituent-specific mechanical parameters. The results demonstrate that Ta₂O₅-cNP uptake softens extracellular matrix of cartilage as non-fibrillar matrix modulus decreases (linear mixed model, p < 0.001). Both contrast agents reduce permeability and viscosity of cartilage. These findings highlight the sensitivity of articular cartilage mechanics to contrast-agent uptake and distribution within the tissue. The results underscore the importance of carefully considering nanoparticle charge and size together with other physicochemical properties, such as composition, concentration, surface chemistry, and tissue retention, when designing contrast agents for cartilage imaging or therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 10","pages":"e70297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in Intrinsic Aerobic Capacity Reveals Distinct Differences in the Maintenance of Rat Knee Joint Integrity.","authors":"Darsh Tripathi, Mauricio Delgado-Bravo, Ruth A Seerattan, Venus Joumaa, David A Hart, Raylene A Reimer, Lauren Gerard Koch, Walter Herzog","doi":"10.1002/jor.70299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective was to test how intrinsic aerobic capacity affects the articular cartilage, infrapatellar fat pad (IFP), subchondral bone, and synovial membrane of the rat knee joint. Thirty-five 24-week-old male N:NIH rats selectively bred for high aerobic capacity (high-capacity-runner [HCR]; n = 17) and low aerobic capacity (low-capacity-runner [LCR]; n = 18) were fed either a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet or a chow diet for 12 weeks. Alterations in articular cartilage, subchondral bone microarchitecture, IFP hypertrophy, and synovial membrane cytokine levels were quantified. Body composition, serum cytokines, and glucose tolerance were assessed at Week 12. Compared to HCR rats, LCR rats had higher modified Mankin scores, bone volume, total volume, bone mineral density, bone volumetric fraction, and trabecular thickness, and lower specific bone surface, bone surface density, and connectivity density. LCR rats also had higher RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Secreted) and lower EGF (epidermal growth factor) levels in synovium analytes. Furthermore, in response to the HFHS diet, there were no differences in adipocyte hypertrophy within the IFP for either the HCR or LCR rats. LCR rats demonstrated hyperglycemia, elevated pro-inflammatory marker levels, and decreased anti-inflammatory marker levels compared to HCR rats. It was concluded that intrinsic high aerobic capacity maintains superior knee joint integrity both with and without an obesogenic dietary challenge, likely due to superior metabolic resistance. Whether intrinsic high aerobic capacity might protect joint degeneration in obesity and metabolic syndrome in other species including humans, warrants investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 10","pages":"e70299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Longitudinal Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy and Imaging Cytometry to Quantify Neutrophil Swarming, Opsonophagocytosis, and Vital NETosis During Implant-Associated Infection.","authors":"Sashank Lekkala, Youliang Ren, Neha Soundar, Hannah Wang, Allie Jia Hui Tay, Karen L de Mesy Bentley, M Javad Aman, Richard A Proctor, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan, Edward M Schwarz, Chao Xie","doi":"10.1002/jor.70306","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.70306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The \"Race for the Surface\" hypothesis remains the dogma for explaining the competition between host proteins, cells, and bacteria for implant colonization immediately post-op. Recently, we used intravital microscopy to provide direct evidence supporting this hypothesis by demonstrating that the race for the surface in a murine implant-associated infection (IAI) model is complete within 3 h. However, this intravital imaging is impractical for early-stage drug development research, thus warranting a cost-effective screening platform to mechanistically assess neutrophil-S. aureus interaction dynamics during the early infection period. To address this, we developed an in vitro IAI model using longitudinal confocal fluorescence microscopy (LCFM) of etched titanium implants contaminated with GFP⁺USA300 and cultured with tdTomato⁺ neutrophils. This model enabled reproducible quantification of neutrophil swarming, phagocytosis, and nidus formation, which were validated with scanning electron microscopy, colony-forming unit assays, and imaging cytometry. To demonstrate the utility of these novel platforms, we evaluated an anti-glucosaminidase (Gmd) mAb known to mediate opsonophagocytosis of aggregated S. aureus and assessed its ability to increase total neutrophil volume and S. aureus internalization by neutrophils and cytoplasts. Collectively, these results demonstrate the utility of the LCFM and imaging cytometry platforms for defining mAb functions that enhance neutrophil and cytoplast activity to prevent IAI.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 10","pages":"e70306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Cell Analysis of Cartilage-Derived Cells Identifies Diverse Populations and a Cholesterol/ER-Stress Chondrocyte Subset in Knee OA","authors":"Yu Kobori,&nbsp;Kohei Nishitani,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Yoshitomi,&nbsp;Akinori Murakami,&nbsp;Kazuki Ichiyanagi,&nbsp;Shigeo Yoshida,&nbsp;Jiu Tanaka,&nbsp;Shinichi Kuriyama,&nbsp;Shinichiro Nakamura,&nbsp;Akio Sakamoto,&nbsp;Takashi Noguchi,&nbsp;Yugo Morita,&nbsp;Takashi Sono,&nbsp;Takayuki Fujii,&nbsp;Koichi Murata,&nbsp;Junya Toguchida,&nbsp;Hideki Ueno,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Murakawa,&nbsp;Chikashi Terao,&nbsp;Shuichi Matsuda","doi":"10.1002/jor.70279","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.70279","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying knee osteoarthritis pathogenesis by analyzing chondrocyte populations and their spatial distribution using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Knee cartilage cells underwent scRNA-seq. Cellular clusters were identified via gene expression profiles and annotated using gene ontology analyses. Correlations between cluster proportions and patient background characteristics were evaluated. Differentiation trajectories were evaluated using pseudotime analysis. Differentially expressed genes between osteoarthritis and non-osteoarthritis samples were identified, and their functional relevance was experimentally assessed. Cartilage stratification analysis was also performed. A total of 104,951 cells from 12 patients (9 osteoarthritis, 3 non-osteoarthritis) were analyzed. Initially, 11 clusters were identified; three non-chondrocytic clusters (mesenchymal stromal cell-like cells, blood cells, fibroblasts) were identified and excluded from chondrocyte analysis. Eight chondrocyte subpopulations were annotated, including a novel stress-responsive metabolic chondrocytes (MetabCs) associated with serum total cholesterol levels and linked to cholesterol metabolism and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. Correlation and trajectory analyses revealed two paths: one toward fibrocartilage chondrocytes (FCs) associated with aging and another toward MetabCs associated with osteoarthritis progression. Novel osteoarthritis-related genes identified included chondroprotective <i>HILPDA</i> and destructive <i>AKR1C2</i>. Stratification analysis indicated that worn cartilage chondrocytes exhibited a hybrid phenotype, shifting toward upper-zone features while retaining deep-zone characteristics. In conclusion, a novel chondrocyte cluster was identified as implicated in osteoarthritis pathogenesis, where elevated serum cholesterol levels potentially increase endoplasmic reticulum stress response, promoting MetabC formation. Chondrocytes altered their phenotype in response to spatial distribution changes caused by cartilage thinning.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13624524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metatarsal Strains During Loading and Motion of the Foot and Ankle in a Cadaveric Model","authors":"Julia M. Nicolescu,&nbsp;Anthony H. Le,&nbsp;Andrew C. Peterson,&nbsp;Reynaldo Rodriguez,&nbsp;Amy L. Lenz,&nbsp;Karen L. Troy","doi":"10.1002/jor.70281","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.70281","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metatarsal bone stress injuries (BSI) are painful, overuse injuries commonly seen in athletes and military personnel. High strain magnitudes combined with repetitive loading cycles causes bone fatigue and microdamage accumulation. To protect against BSI, it is necessary to determine how to limit bone strain magnitude without sacrificing physical activity. This study examined maximum and minimum principal dorsal strains of metatarsals 2–4 during tibial dorsiflexion/plantarflexion, external/internal rotation, and varus/valgus alignment with four underfoot conditions. Five lower-limb cadaveric specimens were instrumented with strain gauges on metatarsals 2–4 and a robotic actuator applied 25% bodyweight and moved the ankle/foot through its envelope of passive motion. Dorsiflexion and varus tibial motion produced the greatest increase in strain magnitudes during all underfoot conditions. Adding half-inch blocks beneath the medial and lateral forefoot caused principal strain magnitudes to increase threefold within the metatarsals adjacent to the block across all motions. Passive engagement of the windlass mechanism during dorsiflexion caused approximately a threefold increase in maximum principal strain of metatarsals 2–3 coinciding with a significant decrease in metatarsal 4. The results emphasize the role that the arch and its supporting structures play in modulating metatarsal loading even within a passive model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149061957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Femoral Derotation Osteotomy on Patellofemoral Loading in Patients With Patellofemoral Instability: Insights From a Musculoskeletal Simulation Study","authors":"Bernhard Guggenberger,&nbsp;Hans Kainz,&nbsp;Tanja Kraus,&nbsp;Willi Koller,&nbsp;Martin Svehlik","doi":"10.1002/jor.70278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70278","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Increased femoral version is linked to patellofemoral instability, increased lateral loading of the patella and might be treated with femoral derotation osteotomy (FDO) in excessive cases. However, the effects of FDO on patellofemoral stability and loading while walking are not fully understood and not measurable in vivo. This study used personalized in-silico musculoskeletal modeling to investigate the impact of FDO on medio-lateral patellofemoral joint loading in individuals with patellofemoral instability. We analyzed retrospective data from 16 participants with recurrent patellofemoral instability and femoral version ≥ 30° using musculoskeletal simulations. We prepared two models per participant based on gait analysis and magnetic resonance data: (i) a model with personalized femoral version and tibial torsion and (ii) a post-surgery model with femoral version adjusted to 12° to simulate the derotation osteotomy. We assessed joint angles, joint moments, muscle moments, muscle forces, and patellofemoral joint contact forces. Simulated FDO significantly altered superior-inferior and anterior-posterior patellofemoral joint contact forces but did not significantly change medio-lateral patellofemoral joint loading at the group level. Six participants (37.5%) demonstrated a reduction in lateralizing patellofemoral joint contact forces, three (18.8%) showed no relevant change, and seven (43.7%) exhibited increased lateralizing forces. Changes in rectus femoris muscle force correlated with changes in medio-lateral patellofemoral joint loading. Participants with worsening patellofemoral loading had greater tibial torsion and exhibited distinct gait characteristics. These findings suggest that patient-specific functional and anatomical characteristics should be considered when selecting candidates for FDO and planning surgical treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.70278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Association of Genetic Markers, Previously Identified by Genome-Wide Association Studies, With ACL Rupture in Multiple Cohorts","authors":"Caryn Phipson,&nbsp;Mary-Jessica N. Laguette,&nbsp;Paweł Cieszczyk,&nbsp;Krzysztof Ficek,&nbsp;Charlotte K Häger,&nbsp;Eva-Lena Stattin,&nbsp;Kjell G Nilsson,&nbsp;Julian A Feller,&nbsp;Oren Tirosh,&nbsp;Alison V September,&nbsp;Malcolm Collins","doi":"10.1002/jor.70282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.70282","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Several direct-to-consumer genetic tests claim to predict susceptibility to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Although not independently replicated, polymorphisms identified in a genome-wide association study—rs144051132 (T &gt; A), rs186727643 (C &gt; T), and/or rs188099931 (A &gt; G)—have been incorporated into commercial tests to estimate cruciate ligament injury risk. This study aimed to evaluate whether these polymorphisms are associated with ACL rupture across multiple populations. We genotyped 906 clinically diagnosed ACL rupture cases, including 498 non-contact mechanism of injury ruptures (ACL-NC), and 679 controls (CON) from four European ancestry cohorts and a South African mixed-ancestry cohort. No significant differences were observed in genotype distributions between cases and controls in either the European cohorts (rs144051132 CON: 99.3% TT, 0.7% TA; ACL: 99.0% TT, 1.0% TA; rs186727643 CON: 100.0% CC; ACL: 99.9% CC, 0.1% CT or rs188099931 CON: 99.8% AA, 0.2% AG; ACL: 99.4% AA, 0.6% AG) or the mixed-ancestry cohort (rs144051132 CON: 99.0% TT, 1.0% TA; ACL: 97.9% TT, 2.1% TA; rs186727643 CON: 97.1% CC, 2.9% CT; ACL: 94.8% CC, 5.2% CT or rs188099931 CON: 99.0% AA, 1.0% AG; ACL: 100.0% AA). These polymorphisms were not associated with ACL rupture in the studied populations. The study was adequately powered to detect the larger effects previously reported but underpowered to detect the smaller effect reported for rs188099931. These results, as well as the rarity of the minor alleles, do not support the clinical validity of these polymorphisms as markers of ACL rupture risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Correlation Between Markerless Gait Analysis and PROM Scores in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty—A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Mark Abdelnour,&nbsp;Adam Hart,&nbsp;Patrik Abdelnour,&nbsp;Paul Spagnuolo,&nbsp;Michael Tanzer","doi":"10.1002/jor.70273","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.70273","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several gait parameters have demonstrated associations with PROMs in THA and TKA. However, existing gait-PROMs studies are longitudinal and relied on lab-based or wearable systems. This pilot study aimed to assess cross-sectional associations between gait parameters measured using a portable, markerless gait analysis system and PROMs 12 months following THA and TKA. In this prospective cross-sectional study, 58 patients (32 THA, 26 TKA) were assessed at 12 months postoperatively. PROMs consisted of the Oxford Hip/Knee Scores (OHS/OKS), EQ-5D-5L, and EQ-VAS. Gait analysis was conducted using a Kinect-based markerless motion capture system, and kinematic and spatiotemporal parameters were recorded. Univariate and multivariable linear regressions, subgroup regressions, and correlations analyses were used for the analysis. Greater operated hip flexion in THA patients was significantly associated with better pain and function (OHS; β = 0.335, <i>p</i> = 0.0049) and higher quality of life (EQ-5D-5L; β = 0.006, <i>p</i> = 0.0154). In TKA patients, worse knee extension in both the operated (β = –0.453, <i>p</i> = 0.0231) and non-operated (β = –0.354, <i>p</i> = 0.0134) limbs was associated with lower quality of life (EQ-VAS). Spatiotemporal parameters including operated step length (β = 0.002, <i>p</i> = 0.0447) and non-operated stride length (β = 0.126, <i>p</i> = 0.0492) in THA were associated with higher EQ-5D-5L. This pilot study provides preliminary evidence supporting the clinical relevance, of specific gait parameters as cross-sectional measures at 12 months, adding to longitudinal evidence. In addition, this is the first study to demonstrate these associations using a portable, markerless system well-suited for widespread clinical use. Together, portable markerless gait analysis may serve as a promising objective complement to PROMs for routine postoperative assessment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Multi-Spheroid Bone Constructs Through the Fusion of Large MSC Spheroids","authors":"Peter Zastawny,&nbsp;Stephen D. Waldman","doi":"10.1002/jor.70280","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.70280","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bone tissue engineering offers the promise of creating alternatives to bone grafts to facilitate defect repair. Although many different approaches have been investigated, recent work has focused on harnessing the potential of scaffold-free approaches, such as spheroids, to create viable engineered bone tissue. In this study, we explored the possibility of developing bone constructs from large MSC spheroids. Spheroids were developed from human MSCs and were sequentially cultured for 42 days in vary degrees of chondrogenic and osteogenic media to induced endochondral and intramembranous bone formation. After differentiation, five single MSC spheroids (from each group) were then further cultured for 14 days in osteogenic media to investigate the potential for fusion into a larger bone construct. Single and multi-spheroid constructs were harvested and analyzed biochemically and histologically as well as assessed by μCT imaging to determine the degree of mineralization. With increasing exposure to osteogenic media, single spheroids were smaller, expressed collagens indicative of bone formation (types I and X) and had lower DNA contents. Similarly, greater degree of fusion also occurred with spheroids that were initiated cultivated under longer exposures to osteogenic media. Evidence of mineralization was observed in all multi-spheroid constructs, again with the greatest mineralization occurring under longer exposure times to osteogenic media. The findings of this study demonstrate that bone constructs can be created by large differentiated MSC spheroids, with greater fusion and mineralization occurring with longer osteogenic exposure prior to multi-spheroid aggregation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"44 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}