Miel Willems, Bryce A. Killen, Giacomo Di Raimondo, Christophe Van Dijck, Sara Havashinezhadian, Katia Turcot, Ilse Jonkers
{"title":"Population-based in silico modeling of anatomical shape variation of the knee and its impact on joint loading in knee osteoarthritis","authors":"Miel Willems, Bryce A. Killen, Giacomo Di Raimondo, Christophe Van Dijck, Sara Havashinezhadian, Katia Turcot, Ilse Jonkers","doi":"10.1002/jor.25934","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25934","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anatomical knee joint features and osteoarthritis (OA) severity are associated, however confirming causals link to altered knee loading is challenging. This study leverages statistical shape models (SSM) to investigate the relationship between joint shape/alignment and knee loading during gait in knee OA (KOA) patients to understand their contribution to elevated medial knee loading in OA. Musculoskeletal (MSK) models were created for the mean as well as the first eight SSM principal modes of variation (−3,−2,−1, +1, +2, +3 standard deviations for each mode) and used as input to a MSK modeling framework. Using an identical KOA gait pattern (i.e., joint kinematics and ground reaction forces), we ran simulations for each MSK model and evaluated medial compartment loading magnitude and contact distribution at the instant of first and second peak of knee joint loading. An increase in external rotation, posterior tibia translation and a decrease in medial joint space and medial femoral condylar size predisposed the medial compartment knee joint to overloading during gait. This was coupled with an anterior and medial shift in contact location with increasing external rotated tibial position and increasing posterior tibial translation with respect to the femur. Next, results also highlighted a posterior shift of the medial compartment loading location with decreasing medial joint space. This study provides important population-based insights on how knee shape and alignment predispose individuals with KOA to elevated medial compartmental knee loading. This information can be crucial in assessing the risk for medial KOA development and progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 11","pages":"2473-2484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Issue Information - Editorial Board and TOC","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jor.25616","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 9","pages":"1891-1896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.25616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Issue Information - Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jor.25617","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25617","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.25617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lennart Schroeder, Sonja Grothues, Josef Brunner, Klaus Radermacher, Boris Michael Holzapfel, Maximilian Jörgens, Julian Fuermetz
{"title":"Open wedge high tibial osteotomy alters patellofemoral joint kinematics: A multibody simulation study","authors":"Lennart Schroeder, Sonja Grothues, Josef Brunner, Klaus Radermacher, Boris Michael Holzapfel, Maximilian Jörgens, Julian Fuermetz","doi":"10.1002/jor.25945","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25945","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Changes in lower limb alignment after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (owHTO) influence joint kinematics. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological and kinematic changes of the knee joint, in particular the patellofemoral joint, using a multibody simulation model. OwHTO with an open tibial wedge of 6–12 mm (1 mm intervals) was virtually performed on each of 13 three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design models (CAD models) derived from computer tomography scans of full-leg cadaver specimens. For each owHTO, an individual biomechanical simulation model was built and knee flexion from 5° to 100° was simulated using a multibody simulation model of the native knee. Morphologic and alignment parameters as well as tibiofemoral and patellofemoral kinematic parameters were evaluated. Almost linear changes in tibial tuberosity trochlea groove (TT-TG) (0.42 mm/1 mm wedge height) were observed which led to pathological values (TT-TG > 20 mm) in 3 out of 13 knees. Furthermore, a 6 mm increase in osteotomy wedge height increased lateral patellofemoral rotation by 0.8° (range: 0.39° to 1.11°) and led to a lateral patellar translation of 0.8 mm (range: 0.37–3.11 mm) on average. Additionally, valgisation led to a medial translation of the tibia and a decrease in the degree of tibial internal rotation during knee flexion of approximately 0.3°/1 mm increase in osteotomy wedge height. The increase in TT-TG and the biomechanical effects observed influence patellofemoral tracking, which may increase retropatellar pressure and are potential risk factors for the development of anterior knee pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 12","pages":"2705-2713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.25945","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lara Krüger, Ali Hedar, Alexander Simon, Tanja Spethmann, Axel Heinemann, Lennart Viezens, Amy L. Lenz, Michael Amling, Frank Timo Beil, Michael Hahn, Tim Rolvien
{"title":"Influence of the transverse tarsal arch on radiological components of progressive collapsing foot deformity","authors":"Lara Krüger, Ali Hedar, Alexander Simon, Tanja Spethmann, Axel Heinemann, Lennart Viezens, Amy L. Lenz, Michael Amling, Frank Timo Beil, Michael Hahn, Tim Rolvien","doi":"10.1002/jor.25946","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25946","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The importance of the transverse tarsal arch (TTA) has recently been extensively reevaluated and has even been considered to play a greater role in foot stability than the medial longitudinal arch (MLA). However, the relevance of this observation in the context of common clinical foot disorders, such as progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD), has not yet been fully clarified. In this biomechanical study, we examined ten pairs of human cadaveric feet by serial weight-bearing cone-beam computed tomography under controlled loading using a custom-designed testing machine. The MLA and TTA were transected separately, alternating the order in two study groups. A semiautomated three-dimensional evaluation of their influence on three components of PCFD, namely collapse of the longitudinal arch (sagittal Meary's angle), hindfoot alignment (sagittal talocalcaneal angle), and forefoot abduction (axial Meary's angle), was performed. Both arches had a relevant effect on collapse of the longitudinal arch, however the effect of transecting the MLA was stronger compared to the TTA (sagittal Meary's angle, 7.4° (95%CI 3.8° to 11.0°) vs. 3.2° (95%CI 0.5° to 5.9°); <i>p</i> = 0.021). Both arches had an equally pronounced effect on forefoot abduction (axial Meary's angle, 4.6° (95%CI 2.0° to 7.1°) vs. 3.0° (95%CI 0.6° to 5.3°); <i>p</i> = 0.239). Neither arch showed a consistent effect on hindfoot alignment. In conclusion, weakness of the TTA has a decisive influence on radiological components of PCFD, but not greater than that of the MLA. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding and further development of treatment concepts for flatfoot disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 12","pages":"2752-2760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.25946","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephen L. Kates, John R. Owen, Christopher A. Beck, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan, John L. Daiss, Gregory J. Golladay
{"title":"Dilution of humoral immunity: Results from a natural history study of healthy total knee arthroplasty patients","authors":"Stephen L. Kates, John R. Owen, Christopher A. Beck, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan, John L. Daiss, Gregory J. Golladay","doi":"10.1002/jor.25942","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25942","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The incidence of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) following elective primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is very low but serious risk remains. To identify unknown risk factors, we completed a natural history study of IgG specific for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> antigens previously phenotyped as protective (anti-Atl) and pathogenic (anti-Isd). Twenty-five male and 25 female optimized patients 50–85 years of age and BMI 24–39 undergoing primary TKA were prospectively enrolled. Blood sampling was performed preoperatively, postoperative Day 1, and at 2, 6, and 12 weeks, to assess serum cytokine, anti-staphylococcal IgG levels and anti-tetanus toxoid IgG measured via custom Luminex assay. Clinical, demographic, and PROMIS-10 data were collected with outcomes to 2 years postop. All participants completed the study and 2-year follow-up. No patients were readmitted or noted to develop a surgical site infection or serious adverse event, and patient-reported outcomes were improved. Serology revealed a highly significant decrease in six out of eight antibody titers against specific <i>S. aureus</i> antigens on Day 1 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), five of which normalized to preoperative levels within 2 weeks. These changes were commensurate with a decrease and recovery of anti-tetanus toxoid titers, and a 20% drop in hemoglobin 13.8 ± 1.7 at preop to 11.1 ± 1.8 mg/dL on Day 1 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). After TKA, a significant decrease in humoral immunity commensurate with blood loss and hemodilution was recorded. This decrease in circulating anti-staphylococcal antibodies in the early postop period may represent a periprosthetic joint infection risk factor for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 12","pages":"2835-2843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.25942","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mina Botros, Karen L. de Mesy Bentley, Derek T. Schloemann, Motoo Saito, Robert Constantine, Benjamin F. Ricciardi, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan
{"title":"Cutibacterium acnes invades submicron osteocyte lacuno-canalicular networks following implant-associated osteomyelitis","authors":"Mina Botros, Karen L. de Mesy Bentley, Derek T. Schloemann, Motoo Saito, Robert Constantine, Benjamin F. Ricciardi, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan","doi":"10.1002/jor.25929","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Cutibacterium acnes</i>, part of normal skin flora, is increasingly recognized as an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing chronic prosthetic joint infections (PJI) associated with total hip and knee arthroplasty. However, there is a paucity of literature examining the pathogenesis of <i>C. acnes</i> during PJI. To study this, we developed an implant-associated osteomyelitis murine model in which 8–10-week-old C57BL6 mice were subjected to transtibial implantation of titanium or stainless-steel L-shaped pins contaminated with <i>C. acnes</i>. Postsurgery, mice were killed on Days 14 and 28 for terminal assessments of (1) bacterial load in bone, implant, and internal organs (heart, spleen, kidney, and liver), (2) bone osteolysis (micro-CT), (3) abscess formation (histology), and (4) systematic electron microscopy (EM). In vitro scanning EM (SEM) confirmed that <i>C. acnes</i> can form biofilms on stainless-steel and titanium implants. In mice, <i>C. acnes</i> could persist for 28 days in the tibia. Also, we observed <i>C. acnes</i> dissemination to internal organs. <i>C. acnes</i> chronic osteomyelitis revealed markedly reduced bone osteolysis and abscess formation compared to <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> infections. Importantly, transmission EM (TEM) investigation revealed the presence of <i>C. acnes</i> within canaliculi, demonstrating that <i>C. acnes</i> can invade the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular networks (OLCN) within bone<i>.</i> Our preliminary pilot study, for the first time, revealed that the OLCN in bone can be a reservoir for <i>C. acnes</i> and potentially provides a novel mechanism of why <i>C. acnes</i> chronic implant-associated bone infections are difficult to treat.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 11","pages":"2593-2603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MicroRNA-26a deficiency attenuates the severity of frozen shoulder in a mouse immobilization model","authors":"Yasuhiko Sumimoto, Yohei Harada, Dilimulati Yimiti, Chikara Watanabe, Shigeru Miyaki, Nobuo Adachi","doi":"10.1002/jor.25940","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25940","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The main pathogenesis of the frozen shoulder is thought to be the inflammation of the intra-articular synovium and subsequent fibrosis of the shoulder joint capsule. However, the molecular pathogenesis of the frozen shoulder is still unknown. A class of noncoding RNAs, microRNAs contribute to various diseases including musculoskeletal diseases. MicroRNA-26a (miR-26a) has been reported to be associated with fibrosis in several organs. This study aims to reveal the role of miR-26a on fibrosis in the shoulder capsule using a frozen shoulder model in miR-26a deficient (miR-26a KO) mice. MiR-26a KO and wild-type (WT) mice were investigated using a frozen shoulder model. The range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder, histopathological changes such as synovitis, and fibrosis-related gene expression in the model mice were evaluated to determine the role of miR-26a. In WT mice, both inflammatory cell infiltration and thickening of the inferior shoulder joint capsule were observed after 1 week of immobilization, and this thickening further progressed over the subsequent 6 weeks. However, the immobilized shoulder in miR-26a KO mice consistently exhibited significantly better ROM compared with WT mice at 1 and 6 weeks, and histological changes were significantly less severe. The expression of inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes was decreased in the miR-26a KO mice compared with WT mice at 1 and 6 weeks. Together, miR-26a deficiency attenuated the severity of frozen shoulder in the immobilization model mouse. The present study suggests that miR-26a has the potential to be a target miRNA for therapeutic approach to frozen shoulder.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 12","pages":"2623-2633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenneth A. Mann, Mark A. Miller, Sachin A. Gandhi, Jace E. Kusler, Megan E. Tatusko, Amy E. Biggs, Megan E. Oest
{"title":"Peri-operative zoledronic acid attenuates peri-prosthetic osteolysis in a rat model of cemented knee replacement","authors":"Kenneth A. Mann, Mark A. Miller, Sachin A. Gandhi, Jace E. Kusler, Megan E. Tatusko, Amy E. Biggs, Megan E. Oest","doi":"10.1002/jor.25941","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25941","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Progressive osteolysis can occur at the cement–bone interface of joint replacements and the associated loss of fixation can lead to clinical loosening. We previously developed a rat hemiarthroplasty model that exhibited progressive loss of fixation with the development of cement–bone gaps under the tibial tray that mimicked patterns found in human arthroplasty retrievals. Here we explored the ability of a bisphosphonate (zoledronic acid, ZA) to attenuate cement–bone osteolysis and maintain implant stability. Sprague-Dawley rats (<i>n</i> = 59) received a poly(methylmethacrylate) cemented tibial component and were followed for up to 12 weeks. Treatment groups included peri-operative administration of ZA (ZA group), administration of ZA at 6 weeks postop (late ZA group), or vehicle (Veh group). There was a 60% reduction in the rate of cement–bone gap formation for the ZA group (0.15 mm<sup>3</sup>/week) compared to Veh group (0.38 mm<sup>3</sup>/week, <i>p</i> = 0.016). Late ZA prevented further progression of gap formation but did not reverse bone loss to the level achieved in the ZA group. Micromotion from five times body weight toggle loading was positively correlated with cement–bone gap volume (<i>p</i> = 0.009) and negatively correlated with the amount of cement in the metaphysis (<i>p</i> = 0.005). Reduced new bone formation and enduring nonviable bone in the epiphysis for the ZA group were found. This suggests that low bone turnover in the epiphysis may suppress the early catabolic response due to implantation, thereby maintaining better fixation in the epiphysis. This preclinical model presents compelling supporting data documenting improved maintenance of the cement–bone fixation with the use of peri-operative bisphosphonates.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 12","pages":"2693-2704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Koji Nukuto, Tom Gale, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Kohei Kamada, James J. Irrgang, Volker Musahl, William Anderst
{"title":"Reliability and changes in knee cartilage T2 relaxation time from 6 to 24 months after anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","authors":"Koji Nukuto, Tom Gale, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Kohei Kamada, James J. Irrgang, Volker Musahl, William Anderst","doi":"10.1002/jor.25939","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.25939","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objectives of this study were to evaluate the reliability of cartilage T2 relaxation time measurements and to identify focal changes in T2 relaxation on the affected knee from 6 to 24 months after anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Data from 41 patients who received anatomic ACLR were analyzed. A bilateral 3.0-T MRI was acquired 6 and 24 months after ACLR. T2 relaxation time was measured in subregions of the femoral condyle and the tibial plateau. The root-mean-square coefficient of variation (RMS<sub>CV</sub>) was calculated to evaluate the reliability of T2 relaxation time in the contralateral knee. Subregion changes in the affected knee T2 relaxation time were identified using the contralateral knee as a reference. The superficial and full thickness layers of the central and inner regions showed good reliability. Conversely, the outer regions on the femoral side and regions in the deep layers showed poor reliability. T2 relaxation time increased in only 3 regions on the affected knee when controlling for changes in the contralateral knee, while changes in T2 relaxation time were identified in 14 regions when not using the contralateral knee as a reference. In conclusion, evaluation of cartilage degeneration by T2 relaxation time after ACLR is most reliable for central and inner cartilage regions. Cartilage degeneration occurs in the central and outer regions of the lateral femoral condyle from 6 to 24 months after anatomic ACLR.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"42 12","pages":"2683-2692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.25939","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}