Journal of Orthopaedic Research®最新文献

{"title":"Validity of the Uninjured Limb as a Control for Preoperative Assessment in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction","authors":"Ronan Grimandi,&nbsp;Florine Tissier,&nbsp;Marc Garetier,&nbsp;Julien Labban,&nbsp;Romain Gérard,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Courtois-Communier,&nbsp;Christophe Andro,&nbsp;Hélène Bisseriex,&nbsp;François-Xavier Gunepin,&nbsp;Fabrice Rannou,&nbsp;Marie-Agnès Giroux-Metges","doi":"10.1002/jor.26057","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Monitoring muscle atrophy in patients undergoing anterolateral cruciate ligament reconstruction is pivotal for optimizing postoperative recovery. Conventionally, the uninjured contralateral limb serves as the control. However, its relevance in patients with prolonged physical activity hiatus due to knee instability remains uncertain. Our objectives were to compare limbs within a control group by assessing combined force measurements, cross-sectional areas (CSAs), and neuromuscular activation. In addition, we compared the contralateral limb of the surgery group preoperatively to the control group. This prospective controlled study (evidence level 2) included 40 healthy subjects (HG) and 30 patients scheduled for ACL surgery (SG). Both groups underwent identical assessments. The two HG limbs were compared to establish the standard difference for all assessed variables, whereas SG contralateral limb was compared with the mean of the control limbs. For HG, the comparisons between limbs showed no significant differences in muscle strength, CSA area, or electromyographic parameters. Similarly, comparisons between the SG contralateral limb and the mean of HG limbs revealed no significant differences in isometric and dynamic strength for the quadriceps and hamstrings (2.5 ± 0.5 and 2.6 ± 0.9 N.m/kg, and 1.7 ± 0.3 and 1.7 ± 0.4 N.m/kg, respectively). Neuromuscular activation and fatigue patterns were also comparable between groups. CSAs discrepancies were attributed to differences in body mass index between groups. These findings indicate that the contralateral limb in ACL_injured patients is functionally similar to that of healthy controls, supporting its use as a valid reference for monitoring postoperative recovery. <b>Trial Registration:</b> NCT03200678</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 5","pages":"962-972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.26057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Reliable and High-Throughput Human Biomimetic Cartilage and Bone Models to Explore Senescence and Personalized Osteoarthritis Treatment Options","authors":"Ilja Boone,&nbsp;Evelyn Houtman,&nbsp;Margo Tuerlings,&nbsp;Jim J. van den Berg,&nbsp;Johannes Lehmann,&nbsp;Peter L. J. de Keizer,&nbsp;Rob G. H. H. Nelissen,&nbsp;Ingrid Meulenbelt","doi":"10.1002/jor.26052","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26052","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To facilitate effective preclinical testing of senescence treatments for osteoarthritis (OA), we have created reliable biomimetic and high-throughput models using aged human joint tissues. Moreover, concerns regarding scalability led to the concurrent development of a high-throughput human in vitro senescence cartilage organoid model. Osteochondral explants and cells for the cartilage organoid model were isolated from patients undergoing joint replacement surgery due to OA. To induce senescence, explants and organoids were subjected to radiation and/or mechanical loading. Samples were harvested; gene expression of relevant senescent and cartilage genes was measured using RT-qPCR, and protein expression was evaluated using histology. A general senescence phenotype was induced by the perturbations, as shown by senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. In-depth gene expression analysis revealed that hyperphysiological mechanical loading upregulated gene expression of <i>IL8</i> and <i>SERPINE1</i>, representing aspects of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) profile. Irradiation upregulated <i>CDKN1A</i>, encoding p21, and downregulated <i>LMNB1</i>, representing a cell cycle arrest profile with the absence of a SASP response. Combining the two perturbations showed upregulation of <i>CDKN1A, IL8,</i> and <i>SERPINE</i> and downregulation of <i>LMNB1</i>, representing a complementary senescence model. The high-throughput human in vitro cartilage organoid senescence model showed similar effects to the irradiation explant model. In this study, we present a variety of senescence models of human aged chondrocytes that allows for rapid initial screening of anti-senescence compounds in high-throughput, as well as in-depth, characterization of post-mitotic aged chondrocytes prone to OA pathophysiology. This research advances the development of essential therapeutics for OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 5","pages":"912-921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.26052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of Nerve Growth Factor in the Reparative Reaction to Osteonecrotic Lesions","authors":"Yusuke Ayabe,&nbsp;Goro Motomura,&nbsp;Ryosuke Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Takeshi Utsunomiya,&nbsp;Hidenao Tanaka,&nbsp;Kosei Sakamoto,&nbsp;Yasuharu Nakashima","doi":"10.1002/jor.26055","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The reparative zone in femoral head osteonecrosis is pivotal for repair; however, the repair response mechanism remains poorly understood. Although neurotrophic nerve growth factor significantly contributes to bone formation in fatigue fractures and ectopic ossification, the relationship between nerve growth factor and the repair response to osteonecrosis remains unexplored. We aimed to elucidate the role of nerve growth factor in osteonecrosis repair. Twenty-seven wholly resected femoral heads diagnosed with Japanese Investigation Committee Stage 3 femoral head osteonecrosis, excluding those with severe collapse, were analyzed. Histopathological diagnosis confirmed the presence of necrotic, reparative, and viable zones in all examined femoral heads. Quantitative evaluation of immunohistological staining, including nerve growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, osteocalcin, CD31, and TUBB3, was conducted in each zone. Additionally, micro-computed tomography was used to measure the trabecular bone microstructure in the reparative zone. Nerve growth factor expression was detected in all 27 femoral heads with osteonecrosis, exhibiting a significantly higher prevalence in the reparative zone than in other regions (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Nerve growth factor was predominantly distributed on the necrotic side within the reparative zone, rather than the viable side. In the reparative zone, nerve growth factor expression was positively correlated with bone formation parameters derived from micro-computed tomography images. Vascular endothelial growth factor, osteocalcin, CD31(+) vascular endothelial cells, and TUBB3(+) nerve cells also significantly increased in the reparative zone. In conclusion, nerve growth factor expression was consistent across all femoral heads with osteonecrosis and may play a role in reparative reaction to osteonecrotic lesions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 5","pages":"939-948"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information - Editorial Board and TOC","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jor.25882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.25882","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 3","pages":"467-471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.25882","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paracrine Influence of Masquelet's Induced Membrane on Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells","authors":"Meredyth Bowman,&nbsp;Gracie Sclamberg,&nbsp;Emma Wessels,&nbsp;Kyle Cragg,&nbsp;Alexis Donneys,&nbsp;Kurt D. Hankenson,&nbsp;Mark E. Hake,&nbsp;Andrea I. Alford","doi":"10.1002/jor.26053","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Masquelet's induced membrane technique (MIMT) is a staged surgical procedure that leverages the foreign body induced membrane (IM) that forms around a cement spacer placed into a segmental bone defect to support subsequent bone grafting. The mechanisms by which the IM supports bone consolidation are not fully understood. We present an indirect coculture system for studying IM-MSC interactions using a rat model of MIMT. Compared to control cells, MSC <i>Tnap</i> (alkaline phosphatase) was induced by 4- but not 8-week IM. MSC <i>Spp1</i> (Osteopontin) was attenuated by both 4- and 8-week IM. Although <i>Tnfrsf11b</i> (osteoprotegrin) in MSC exposed to IM was not different from control cells, it was induced by 8-week IM compared to 4-week IM. MSC <i>Tnfsf11</i> (RANKL) was reduced by 4-week and 8-week IM. MSC <i>Thbs2</i> (Tsp2) was induced by 8-week but not 4-week IM. Ablation of macrophages in IM blocked the induction of <i>Thbs2</i> by 8-week IM. MSC Col1a1 expression was not affected under any condition tested. TMT proteomics analysis of IM-conditioned medium revealed 150 unique secreted proteins, 7 of which were differentially abundant (fold change ≥ 2 and FDR corrected <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) in 8-week versus 4-week IM secretomes. All differentially abundant proteins were elevated in medium conditioned by 8-week IM. Our data suggest that factor(s) secreted by IM resident cells affect MSC gene expression, and that duration of IM development influences the potency and nature of this paracrine effect. Patient-specific factors including age and interval between MIMT surgeries may affect IM biological potency and graft to bone consolidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 5","pages":"922-930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.26053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information - Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jor.25883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.25883","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.25883","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Liraglutide in Equine Inflammatory Joint Models","authors":"Ann-Sofie Scheike,&nbsp;Saskia Plomp,&nbsp;Maria Carlotta Fugazzola,&nbsp;Coralie Meurot,&nbsp;Francis Berenbaum,&nbsp;Paul René van Weeren,&nbsp;Marianna Andriana Tryfonidou,&nbsp;Johannes Hendrick von Hegedus","doi":"10.1002/jor.26050","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, in equine in vitro models and in an in vivo acute synovitis model in Shetland ponies. The anti-inflammatory effect of liraglutide was assessed by measuring concentrations of inflammatory biomarker C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) in culture media of equine whole blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), chondrocytes, and synoviocytes, with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin-1β. In the in vivo experiment, acute synovitis was bilaterally induced with 0.25 ng LPS in the intercarpal joints of seven healthy Shetland ponies. The ponies were subsequently treated with either 6 mg liraglutide or a placebo as a paired control in each joint. The impact of liraglutide on biomarkers associated with inflammation (including white blood cell count, total protein, CCL2, and bradykinin) and cartilage metabolism (such as glycosaminoglycans, general matrix metalloproteinase activity, carboxypropeptide type II collagen, and collagen-cleavage neoepitope of type II collagen) was assessed across serial synovial fluid samples. Liraglutide was found to have an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing CCL2 concentrations in culture media of whole blood, PBMCs, chondrocytes, and synoviocytes. In contrast, no significant differences in synovial fluid inflammatory nor cartilage metabolism biomarker levels were found between joints treated with LPS and 6 mg liraglutide, versus LPS and placebo. In conclusion, liraglutide demonstrates the potential to attenuate inflammatory processes in joint cells. Additional research is necessary to validate its efficacy within the complex milieu of an inflamed joint.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 5","pages":"893-903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.26050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Lumbar Degenerative Changes on Vertebral Bone Strength: A Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Soji Tani,&nbsp;Koji Ishikawa,&nbsp;Erika Chiapparelli,&nbsp;Gaston Camino-Willhuber,&nbsp;Lukas Schönnagel,&nbsp;Thomas Caffard,&nbsp;Krizia Amoroso,&nbsp;Ali E. Guven,&nbsp;Jennifer Shue,&nbsp;Benjamin A. Alman,&nbsp;John A. Carrino,&nbsp;Federico P. Girardi,&nbsp;Andrew A. Sama,&nbsp;Frank P. Cammisa,&nbsp;Alexander P. Hughes","doi":"10.1002/jor.26054","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assessing the bone condition in patients with spinal disease is clinically valuable. However, evaluating bone strength in the presence of spine degenerative changes is challenging. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and finite element analysis (FEA) have been proposed as methods for more accurate bone quality assessment. This study investigates the relationship between bone strength predicted by FEA and other relevant biological parameters. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 127 patients with spinal disease who underwent preoperative CT scans between 2014 and 2020. Baseline patient characteristics, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) measured by QCT, and vertebral bone strength predicted by FEA were collected. The degree of degeneration was evaluated by classifying osteophyte formation, disc height narrowing, vertebral sclerosis, and spondylolisthesis into a grading scale ranging from 0 to 2. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the effect of each factor on bone strength predicted by FEA. Of 127 patients, 120 patients (median age was 62 years) were included. The median vBMD and vertebral strength were 114.3 mg/cm³ and 7892.9 N, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, vBMD, and degenerative changes, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that sex, vBMD, and degree of degeneration independently increased the vertebral strength measured by FEA. This study suggests that in patients with spinal disease, vertebral bone strength is affected not only by sex and bone mineral density but also by degenerative changes. Thus, bone strength could be predicted more accurately in patients with spinal disease using FEA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 5","pages":"931-938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carpal Kinematics in the Normal, Scapholunate Ligament Deficient, and Surgically Reconstructed Wrist","authors":"Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Stephen K. Tham,&nbsp;Bruno Crepaldi,&nbsp;Eugene T. Ek,&nbsp;David McCombe,&nbsp;David Charles Ackland","doi":"10.1002/jor.26049","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate scaphoid, lunate and capitate kinematics after disruption to the primary and secondary scapholunate ligamentous stabilizers, and to assess the effectiveness of scapholunate ligament reconstruction in restoring carpal kinematics post-operatively. Seven upper extremities were harvested, and the scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL) was divided. Specimens were mounted onto a computer-controlled dynamic wrist simulator, and simulations of flexion-extension, radial-ulnar deviation, and dart-thrower's motion were undertaken by simulated force application to the wrist tendons. Three-dimensional kinematics of the scaphoid, lunate and capitate were measured using bi-plane X-ray fluoroscopy in the native and ligament deficient state. The SLIL was then reconstructed by either dorsal transarticular loop tenodesis (DTLT), or by the three-ligament tenodesis (3LT) technique, and re-evaluated. SLIL deficiency resulted in significant differences in carpal kinematics compared to that in the healthy wrist across all wrist motions (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The DTLT procedure corrected increased scaphoid ulnar deviation and pronation in the SLIL deficient wrist, but did not significantly improve scaphoid flexion or volar translation of the scaphoid. The 3LT reconstructive technique restored scaphoid flexion and ulnar deviation but did not correct pronation, the increased lunate extension, nor the volar and ulnar translation observed in the ligament deficient wrist. Three-dimensional scaphoid, lunate and capitate motion depends on SLIL integrity, with tears to this ligament resulting in pathological kinematics, which may be partially mitigated with DTLT and 3LT surgical reconstruction. These findings suggest that this surgical reconstruction of the SLIL may not mitigate long-term degenerative joint conditions at the wrist.</p>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 4","pages":"756-769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.26049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Cryopreservation on the Bone Healing Capacity of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in a Bone Defect Model","authors":"Kalter Hali,&nbsp;Stéphane Gagnon,&nbsp;Matthew Raleigh,&nbsp;Ikran Ali,&nbsp;Jhase Sniderman,&nbsp;Mansur Halai,&nbsp;Jeremy Hall,&nbsp;Emil H. Schemitsch,&nbsp;Aaron Nauth","doi":"10.1002/jor.26051","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jor.26051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have proven to be a highly effective cell therapy for critical-sized bone defects. Cryopreservation can enable long-term storage of EPCs, allowing their immediate availability on demand. This study compares the therapeutic potential of EPCs before and after cryopreservation in a small animal critical-sized bone defect model. Five-millimeter segmental defects were created in the right femora of Fischer 344 rats, followed by stabilization with a miniplate and screws. The animals received 2 × 10⁶ fresh EPCs (<i>n</i> = 7) or 2 × 10⁶ cryopreserved EPCs (<i>n</i> = 9) delivered on a gelatin scaffold. Cryopreserved EPCs were stored for 7 days at −80°C prior to thawing and loading onto the gelatin scaffold. Biweekly radiographs were taken until the animals were euthanized 10 weeks after surgery. The operated femora were then evaluated using microscopic-computed tomography (micro-CT) and biomechanical testing. All animals treated with fresh (<i>n</i> = 7/7) or cryopreserved (<i>n</i> = 9/9) EPCs achieved radiographic union at 10 weeks. Animals treated with fresh EPCs had statistically significant higher radiographic scores at 2 weeks (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) but showed no statistically significant differences thereafter (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Micro-CT analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the groups in bone volume (BV) or BV normalized to total volume (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), with excellent bone formation in both groups. Finally, there were no differences in biomechanical outcomes between the groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). These results demonstrate that cryopreserved EPCs are highly effective and equivalent to fresh EPCs for healing critical-sized bone defects in a rat model of nonunion.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research®","volume":"43 5","pages":"904-911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}