Journal of paediatrics and child health最新文献

{"title":"Global and Regional Trends in Paediatric Neuroblastoma Incidence and Mortality, 1990–2021: An Inequality and Projection Analysis","authors":"Yue Fan,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Liang,&nbsp;Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16781","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16781","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neuroblastoma stands as the most prevalent extracranial solid tumour in children, yet its epidemiological profile on global, regional, and national scales remains insufficiently explored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Long-term trends in the incidence and mortality of paediatric neuroblastoma from 1990 to 2021 were analysed globally, regionally, and nationally using estimated annual percentage changes. Cross-national disparities in the burden of paediatric neuroblastoma were quantified through standard health equity methodologies, with projections of burden shifts extending to 2035.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 1990 to 2021, the global age-standardised death rate for paediatric neuroblastoma increased from 0.19 (95% UI, 0.16–0.23) to 0.21 (95% UI, 0.14–0.28) per 100 000 population, with an EAPC of 0.2. Regionally, both mortality and incidence rates were highest in low-middle SDI regions and lowest in Oceania. Mortality rates were highest among males aged 12–23 months and females aged 6–11 months, while incidence rates were most pronounced in children aged 2–4 years. Cross-country inequality analyses indicated a reduction in disparities between high and low SDI countries; however, the concentration index revealed an increase in the inequality of burden distribution. The global burden of paediatric neuroblastoma is projected to continue rising through 2035.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over the past 30 years, global incidence and mortality rates for paediatric neuroblastoma have risen, particularly in low-SDI regions, whereas high-SDI regions have witnessed a downward trend. Although disparities between high- and low-SDI countries have diminished, inequality in burden distribution has grown more pronounced. The global burden of paediatric neuroblastoma is expected to continue its upward trajectory over the next 15 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 4","pages":"559-569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors in Addition to Short and Long-Term Outcomes With Thin Catheter Surfactant Administration Failure in Preterm Infants: A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"Hayriye Gozde Kanmaz Kutman,&nbsp;Betül Siyah Bilgin,&nbsp;Mehmet Buyuktiryaki,&nbsp;Gulsum Kadioglu Simsek,&nbsp;Zeynep Üstünyurt,&nbsp;Fuat Emre Canpolat","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16777","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16777","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the incidence of thin catheter surfactant administration (TCA) failure and compare short and long-term neonatal outcomes who failed TCA or did not.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Single-center retrospective cohort study. Infants between 25 and 30 weeks of gestational age with respiratory distress syndrome and receiving 200 mg/kg poractant alfa via thin catheter administration were included. TCA failure was defined as the need for early mechanical ventilation (&lt; 72 h). Infants were divided into two groups those who failed TCA or those who did not.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The TCA failure rate was 24.6%. Initial oxygen requirement (0.39% vs. 0.36%) and the number of small for gestational age infants were significantly higher in the TCA failure group (15% vs. 7.9%). Infants who failed TCA had a higher pneumothorax (6.7% vs. 1.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.03), BPD (15% vs.5.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.02), late-onset sepsis (36.7% vs. 18%, <i>p</i> = 0.04), retinopathy of prematurity rates (11.7% vs. 3.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and an increased duration of respiratory support. However, Bayley Scales of Infant Development II scores were comparable between groups at 18 and 26 months of corrected age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infants who fail TCA are at increased risk for short-term complications despite favourable long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Identifying infants at risk of TCA failure may help early prevention of morbidities and individualise their management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 3","pages":"451-456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Uptake of the Influenza Vaccine in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Sarah Greenslade,&nbsp;Andrew Tai","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16773","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16773","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with cystic fibrosis are more likely to become severely unwell with influenza-associated illness compared to children without chronic lung disease. The provision of accessible influenza vaccinations is essential in the prevention of infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the prevalence of the influenza vaccine uptake in children with cystic fibrosis from 2016 to 2020 at a single tertiary paediatric hospital site and determine if the COVID pandemic of 2020 and the introduction of telehealth encounters affected the vaccine uptake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study of children with cystic fibrosis aged 6 months to 18 years who reside in South Australia was performed using the Women's and Children's Hospital (WCH) Respiratory Department cystic fibrosis database from 2016 to 2020. The Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) was used to determine vaccination status during this period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and eighty two children with cystic fibrosis were identified, one hundred and seventy two of whom vaccination records were available on the Australian Immunisation Register. Proportion of eligible patients who were vaccinated ranged from 66% to 88% in the years 2016–2019. There was no significant decrease in uptake during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 (75%). Despite the introduction of Telehealth reviews in 2020 majority (66%) of patients continued to have exclusive face-to-face appointments, of which 73% received the vaccination. Vaccination coverage of those who received combination of Telehealth and face-to-face was 81%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The high influenza vaccination rate of South Australian children with cystic fibrosis is consistent with rates seen in other tertiary centres globally. This study demonstrated that the pandemic and introduction of Telehealth appointments did not have any impact in the uptake of the influenza vaccination in our South Australian population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 3","pages":"447-450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Review of Children Admitted With Acute Severe Asthma to the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital Between 2009 and 2019","authors":"Moegamad Salie,&nbsp;Shamiel Salie","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16776","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16776","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is limited data on the PICU outcomes of children with acute severe asthma (ASA) in South Africa. This study aims to describe the profiles and treatment of all children admitted to our PICU with ASA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective audit of all children admitted with ASA to the PICU at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital between 01 January 2009 and 31 December 2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 14 592 PICU admissions over the 11-year period, of which 180 admissions (1.2%) were for ASA. The median, interquartile range (IQR) age on admission was 67 (37–93) months. Almost all children received nebulisations, steroids and magnesium sulphate before PICU admission. Half of the patients were loaded with intravenous salbutamol (<i>n</i> = 96; 53.3%) and about a third (<i>n</i> = 61; 34%) received a salbutamol infusion before PICU admission. Similar proportions received nebulisations and steroids in PICU, 34 children (19%) received magnesium sulphate again in PICU and a total of 130 children (72.2%) received a salbutamol infusion. Most children received non-invasive respiratory support (<i>n</i> = 167; 90.3%), and 18 children (9.7%) required mechanical ventilation for a median (IQR) of 3 (2–4) days. The median PICU stay was 1 (IQR 1–2) day and median hospital stay was 4 (IQR 3–6) days. No children died.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There has been an increasing number of children admitted to PICU with ASA over the 11-year period. There has been increased use of HFNC and the duration of PICU support is short.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 3","pages":"441-446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What to Do in Case of Splenogonadal Fusion in Non Palpable Testis?","authors":"Federica Fati,&nbsp;Fabio Beretta,&nbsp;Silvia Bisoffi,&nbsp;Giosuè Mazzero,&nbsp;Elisa Pani,&nbsp;Clara Revetria,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Sadri,&nbsp;Enrico Ciardini","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16774","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16774","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 3","pages":"514-515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Accidental Paraquat Ingestion in a Child","authors":"Emily Horsley,&nbsp;Claire Chandler,&nbsp;Claire Wainwright,&nbsp;Laura Sashak Rishanghan,&nbsp;Michele Louise Cree,&nbsp;Michael Humphreys,&nbsp;Neeta Rampersad","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16754","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16754","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To report on the management of a toddler who had accidental ingestion of an unknown amount of paraquat, with treatment including continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), steroids and antifibrinolytics at a tertiary-level health system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 16-month-old child weighing 10 kg accidentally ingested an unknown amount of Gramoxone containing paraquat. The child was transferred to a tertiary centre Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) where she was electively intubated and commenced on CRRT at 7 hours and 15 minutes post-ingestion. She was also treated with activated charcoal, methylprednisolone, N-acetylcysteine infusion and pirfenidone. Paraquat blood and urine samples were monitored throughout her PICU admission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The child did not exhibit respiratory distress or significant hypoxia during the admission. She developed ulceration of the lips, mouth and tongue on day 2 which improved after 48 hours. Feed intolerance and pneumatosis intestinalis were managed conservatively. Interstitial changes were noted on chest x-ray on day 3 and pirfenidone was initiated to minimise the risk of pulmonary fibrosis. The child was discharged from PICU to the general ward for further observation. At follow-up, there has been no evidence of pulmonary fibrosis up to 6 months post-discharge.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case highlights the toxicity of Paraquat and importance of early management and urgent transfer of paraquat poisoning cases to specialised medical centres. Prompt interventions including activated charcoal, N-acetylcysteine, CRRT and pirfenidone can improve patient prognosis and reduce the risk of long-term complications such as pulmonary fibrosis in paediatric paraquat toxicity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 3","pages":"509-513"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Demographic Characteristics, Management Details and Early Life Outcomes of Indigenous Infants With Chronic Neonatal Lung Disease in North Queensland","authors":"Matthew Rogers,&nbsp;Venkat Vangaveti,&nbsp;Susan Ireland,&nbsp;Ramaa Puvvadi","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16765","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16765","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To study the demographic characteristics, risk factors, management details and clinical outcomes to 12 months corrected age in indigenous and non-indigenous infants with chronic neonatal lung disease in North Queensland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective cohort study of infants with chronic neonatal lung disease admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in regional Queensland from January 2015 to December 2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 139 infants with chronic neonatal lung disease and 425 controls. The incidence of chronic neonatal lung disease in infants born at &lt; 33 weeks gestational age was 32.6% versus 20.4% in indigenous and non-indigenous infants, respectively (OR 1.8, <i>p</i> value 0.001). Indigenous infants had significantly lower birth weight (830 g vs. 1000 g, <i>p</i> value 0.039), higher rate of maternal smoking during the pregnancy (57.4% vs. 25%, <i>p</i> value &lt; 0.001), were less likely to be inborn (71.4% vs. 88.2%, <i>p</i> value 0.017) or receive adequate course of antenatal corticosteroids (30.2% vs. 59.2%, <i>p</i> value &lt; 0.001), had increased incidence of grade 2 intraventricular haemorrhage (17.5% vs. 4%, <i>p</i> value 0.01) and were more likely to reside in a very remote locality (17.4% vs. 3.9%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Identified risk factors for chronic neonatal lung disease included lower birth weight (OR 0.99, <i>p</i> value 0.014), lower birth gestation (OR 1.57, <i>p</i> value 0.003), longer duration of continuous positive airway pressure (OR 1.004, <i>p</i> value &lt; 0.001), longer duration of humidified high-flow nasal prongs (OR 1.003, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), doses of surfactant (OR 1.55, <i>p</i> value 0.038) and receiving post-natal steroids (OR 19.03, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). There were no other significant differences in comorbidities, management, complications, number of hospital admissions or weight to 12-months corrected age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Indigenous infants had increased antenatal risk factors for chronic neonatal lung disease and account for a disproportionate number of cases, however, their outcomes to 12 months corrected age were similar to non-indigenous infants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 3","pages":"433-440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reticular Dermatosis in a Boy: A Case Report","authors":"Madalena Torrado Malato,&nbsp;Filipa Carmo,&nbsp;Paula Maio,&nbsp;Helena Sousa","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16764","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16764","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 2","pages":"299-300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: A Rare Cause of Paediatric Endogenous Endophthalmitis","authors":"Vivien Nguyen,&nbsp;Susan Zhang,&nbsp;Shaheen Shah,&nbsp;Phillipa Sharwood,&nbsp;Richa Sharma,&nbsp;Abhishek Sharma","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16766","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16766","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Endogenous endophthalmitis, accounting for between 0.1% and 4% of paediatric endophthalmitis cases, is a rare yet highly destructive infection of the eye [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Paediatric endogenous endophthalmitis has a higher incidence in developing countries, such as India, likely due to immunocompromised states secondary to nutritional deficiencies [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. &lt;i&gt;Stenotrophomonas maltophilia&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;S. maltophilia&lt;/i&gt;) is an emerging multi-resistant pathogen that can cause endophthalmitis, generally following trauma, intraocular lens implantation or intravitreal injections [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. This series describes two paediatric cases of &lt;i&gt;S. maltophilia&lt;/i&gt; endogenous endophthalmitis in healthy non-immunocompromised children.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In 2009, Das et al. described a case of &lt;i&gt;S. maltophilia&lt;/i&gt; endogenous endophthalmitis in a healthy 30-year-old man with no identified portal of entry, no medical intervention, and no trauma [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]. More recently in 2024, Jain et al. described the first paediatric case of &lt;i&gt;S. maltophilia&lt;/i&gt; endogenous endophthalmitis in a 10-year-old boy from India [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. This patient had longstanding malnutrition and auricular discharge 2 weeks prior to symptoms. This is in contrast to our series, in whom both children were completely healthy and not immunocompromised.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;S. maltophilia&lt;/i&gt; endogenous endophthalmitis typically presents with severe anterior and posterior segment inflammation [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. Clinical features include hypopyon and vitreous exudates with significant choroidal thickening on B-scan ultrasonography [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. In literature, initial presenting VA ranges from 6/95 (logMAR 0.06) to light perception, which is comparable to our case series (Case 1 = VA hand movements; Case 2 = VA 6/95). Case 1 had intermittent symptoms for a month prior to presentation, highlighting the challenge in detecting severe eye disease early in children as they may not articulate their symptoms accurately. In keeping with previous studies, our cases had no other source of infection [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;]. This further highlights the diagnostic difficulties of endogenous endophthalmitis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Empirical treatment for endophthalmitis is with broad-spectrum IVI antibiotics such as ceftazidime and vancomycin [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. Pars plana vitrectomy may be indicated when there is minimal response on systemic treatment [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. A key difference in management was steroid treatment, with Case 1 receiving only topical steroids, in contrast to Case 2 who had IV, oral and topical steroids. The use of steroids in endogenous endophthalmitis remains controversial and is highly dependent on host and pathogen factors [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. Given its paucity, there is no literature analysing treatment options on visual outcomes in &lt;i&gt;S. maltophilia&lt;/i&gt; endogenous endophthalmitis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;S. maltophilia&lt;/i&gt; is known to be a highly drug-resistant organism with variable antimicrobial sensitivities [&lt;span&gt;6, 8&lt;/","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 3","pages":"503-505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16766","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Onset of Post-Infectious Inflammatory Response Syndrome (PIIRS) in a Previously Healthy, HIV-Negative Paediatric Patient With Cryptococcus gattii Meningitis: A Case Report","authors":"Tiarni Templeton,&nbsp;Melanie Jansen,&nbsp;Sophie C. H. Wen,&nbsp;Alexander F. Vittorio,&nbsp;Peter McNaughton,&nbsp;Julia E. Clark","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.16772","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"61 3","pages":"506-508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}