Journal of paediatrics and child health最新文献

{"title":"Paediatric trigger thumb: Diagnostic pearls","authors":"Nicholas L Hudock,&nbsp;Michael W Girgis,&nbsp;Gabriel D Glaun,&nbsp;William L Hennrikus","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16652","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16652","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study is to report diagnostic pearls and review the clinical presentation and outcomes of surgical treatment of paediatric trigger thumbs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective review of medical records and imaging studies was performed on children with trigger thumbs from January 2009 to December 2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-four trigger thumbs in 52 consecutive patients were treated. The average age at referral was 2.5 years. Symptoms include pain (4), triggering (14) and fixed contracture (38). The average symptom duration was 8 months. Forty patients had been evaluated and referred by a paediatrician or primary care doctor. Twenty-four of the 52 (46%) patients received hand x-rays and were initially misdiagnosed as a fracture or dislocation. Physical exam demonstrated a volar nodule in 64 thumbs (100%), fixed flexion deformities in 38 (73%) thumbs and triggering with active extension of the interphalangeal joint in 14 (27%) thumbs. The average age at surgery was 3.2 years. Follow-up averaged 12 months. Surgery resulted in complete relief of symptoms and correction of deformity. There was no reported loss of function or complication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with trigger thumbs who ultimately undergo surgery present with distinct physical exam findings, including a volar nodule and a fixed flexion contracture. Understanding these pearls can minimise misdiagnosis of the condition as a fracture or dislocation. Highlighting trigger thumbs during musculoskeletal education for paediatric and primary care physicians is recommended. Surgical outcomes were excellent in patients aged 2–8 years old.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 11","pages":"680-683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16652","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteocalcin: A potential marker to identify and monitor girls with rapidly progressive central precocious puberty","authors":"Wei Qin,&nbsp;Yanfei Chen,&nbsp;Suren R Sooranna,&nbsp;Dan Zeng,&nbsp;Tao Xie,&nbsp;Qi Meng,&nbsp;Dan Lan","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16632","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16632","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the suitability of serum osteocalcin (OC) as a marker to distinguish between rapidly and non-rapidly progressive central precocious puberty (RP-CPP and NRP-CPP), as well as its potential to assess growth rates following treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum levels of OC were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in girls diagnosed with either RP-CPP or NRP-CPP as well as in normal control subjects. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the cut-off value for OC. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to analyse the main influencing factors associated with OC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum OC levels were higher in the CPP girls when compared to normal controls (110.76 ± 43.69 vs 55.97 ± 20.96 ng/mL, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). The level in the RP-CPP group was higher than the NRP-CPP group (153.28 ± 33.89 vs 88.33 ± 29.26 ng/mL, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). The cut-off value of OC levels for distinguishing between RP-CPP and NRP-CPP was 107.05 ng/mL, the sensitivity was 94.7% and the specificity was 77.8%, which was superior to using the basal luteinising hormone (B-LH) levels, and the area under ROC curve (AUC) were 0.933 versus 0.695, respectively. Following 1–2 years of treatment with GnRHa for girls with CPP, both OC levels and the growth rates decreased to pre-pubertal values. B-LH levels, bone age and body weight were also significant factors, which affected OC levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum OC levels may be a useful marker for distinguishing RP-CPP from NRP-CPP. In addition, it was also found to be a useful predictor for growth rate during GnRHa treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 10","pages":"593-600"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of gastroschisis feeding protocol: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Jeewan Jyoti,&nbsp;Kristen James-Nunez,&nbsp;Kaye Spence,&nbsp;Brownyn Parkinson,&nbsp;Gordon Thomas,&nbsp;Amit Trivedi","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16657","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16657","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary objective of this study is to determine the impact of a standardised feeding protocol for infants with gastroschisis on early enteral feeds, suck feeds, management of gastric residuals and breastfeeding at discharge. Secondary objectives were evaluation of growth, length of stay in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the duration of total parental nutrition (TPN), blood-culture confirmed sepsis and serum bilirubin level (SBR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This single-centre retrospective quality improvement project included infants admitted to a quaternary care NICU for management of gastroschisis from 2010 to 2021. The Gastroschisis feeding protocol, a standardised pathway for managing the feeding of infants with gastroschisis, was implemented in this NICU in 2016. The outcomes of infants in the pre-feeding protocol and post-feeding protocol groups were compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 100 infants included in the study, 49 were in the post-feeding protocol group. The baseline characteristics of the study population did not differ statistically in both groups. In post-feeding protocol group, there was significant reduction in the time to the first enteral feed (<i>P</i> value &lt;0.0001) and first suck feed (<i>P</i> value = 0.002). The median length of stay in the post-feeding protocol group was significantly lower by 11 days (<i>P</i> value = 0.001). Duration of TPN was 241 h higher in the pre-feeding protocol group (<i>P</i> value 0.0007).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Implementation of a feeding protocol in infants with gastroschisis led to earlier initiation of enteral feeds and suck feeds. There is a likelihood of reduction in the use of TPN and duration of admission in NICU.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 11","pages":"675-679"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16657","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants with intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia","authors":"Nicole SC Ng,&nbsp;Abdul Razak,&nbsp;Preethi Chandrasekharan,&nbsp;Glenda McLean,&nbsp;Vathana Sackett,&nbsp;Lindsay Zhou,&nbsp;Pramod Pharande,&nbsp;Atul Malhotra","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16654","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16654","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) in preterm infants are associated with an increased risk of long-term neurodevelopmental impairments (NDI) and cerebral palsy (CP). However, little is known about their impact on early neurodevelopmental outcomes despite increasing evidence highlighting the feasibility and importance of early NDI/CP diagnosis. We aimed to determine the early neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants with IVH and PVL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a retrospective single-centre cohort study of preterm infants born at &lt;29 weeks gestation or &lt;1000 g birth weight who attended an Early Neurodevelopment Clinic at 3 to 4 months of corrected age. Primary outcomes of early NDI and CP/high-risk CP diagnoses based on Prechtl's General Movements Assessment and the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination were compared between infants without IVH and infants with mild IVH (grades I-II), severe IVH (grades III-IV), and severe brain injury (SBI; severe IVH or cystic PVL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 313 infants, 52.1% (<i>n</i> = 163), 41.2% (<i>n</i> = 129), 6.7% (<i>n</i> = 21) and 8.6% (<i>n</i> = 27) had no IVH, mild IVH, severe IVH and SBI, respectively. The adjusted odds of early CP/high-risk CP diagnosis were significantly higher in infants with severe IVH (aOR 6.07, 95% CI 1.50–24.50) and SBI (aOR 15.28, 95% CI 3.70–63), but not in those with mild IVH (aOR 1.24, 95% CI 0.49–3.10). However, the adjusted odds of any early NDI were similar across groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preterm infants with severe IVH and SBI are at increased risk of early CP/high-risk of CP diagnosis at 3 to 4 months of corrected age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 11","pages":"669-674"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gardener","authors":"Mick O'Keeffe","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16653","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16653","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Hi Mum, Hi Dad. Hello Dr. Mick.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I can see you all there at the clinic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'm pretty young.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mum and Dad, you seem a bit sad. You're worried about me, aren't you?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I am a long way behind the other kindergarten kids.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;You aren't too sure what lies ahead for me.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hang on, sorry, I think I am being rude. I can be like that sometimes, without meaning to.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I should introduce myself, that's right, I remember now.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's Cooper speaking. Future Cooper, that is.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have news.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Would you believe me if I tell you that things work out brilliantly?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mum and Dad, you will push yourself to do things for me that you can't imagine yet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We practice a lot of things together when I'm little. Some nice people give you tips on what to do. I learn to talk, write my name, look after myself.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;You will find a school that really wants me there.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mrs. B, she is a great teacher, you are going to love her. The whole time I am at school, she makes sure I am going well.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jimmy, the school's gardener, will let me help him out. He gives me my own garden, teaches me how to look after it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I will make the front page of the school newsletter one day. The headline will say “Cooper's Green Thumb.” Can you see me there in the picture? Leaning on my garden fork, looking at the plants I've grown.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I learn to swim – well! You will be so proud of me when I win races at the school carnival. I still do lots of exercise, it makes me feel good.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Mick….what car do you drive? Ha! A red VE Holden Commodore, of course I remember! Get ready, I am going to ask you this question every time we met. What can I say, I just love cars.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Speaking of cars, how about this? I will learn to drive in an old Toyota on my uncle and aunt's farm. This all happens when I am still at school. Relax, it's just around the paddocks, it's fine! I still spend a lot of time down there. I love helping out and learning how to do farm jobs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Right now, I am saving up for my own ute. A Volkswagen Amorak twin cab to be exact. I've always wanted one. I'll keep reminding you about that too, Dr. Mick!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mum and Dad, can you see me as a teenager?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;At the age of 13, I start putting out our neighbour's bins, just to be helpful.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;And then another neighbour. And another….&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Everyone seems keen for a chat on bin day. I am very reliable they all say. I even earn money for doing it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;You know the family in our street with the big yard? One day they see me mowing our lawn. (Did I mention I am great at this?). They ask if I can mow theirs as well. I get paid for this, too!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;And then another neighbour….&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Oh wait, here's my favourite bit. I have my own business now!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lawns and gardens, that's my thing. I am so happy when I am outdoors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mum and Dad, you help me set it all up. We find some courses to take, so I can learn more skills. Dad, you are driving me to the jobs at the moment. But soon I'll","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 11","pages":"766"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16653","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of perinatal stroke in Australia: Population-based longitudinal study","authors":"Bithi Roy,&nbsp;Annabel Webb,&nbsp;Karen Walker,&nbsp;Catherine Morgan,&nbsp;Nadia Badawi,&nbsp;Iona Novak","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16640","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16640","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Perinatal stroke is one of the main causes of hemiplegia and seizure disorder. This study aimed to analyse the clinical characteristics and outcomes of perinatal stroke in a cohort of Australian children for its early detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A population-based prospective longitudinal study on perinatal stroke up to 2 years of age, was conducted from 2017 to 2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-seven children with perinatal stroke included 79% (69/87) acute and 21% (18/87) presumed perinatal stroke. Seventy-four per cent (51/69) acute symptomatic perinatal strokes presented in the first 3 days of life and 78% (14/18) presumed perinatal strokes presented by 6 months of age. 62% had an arterial stroke, 29% had a venous stroke and 5% had a combined arterial and venous stroke. Unexpectedly, 35% (24/69) acute symptomatic perinatal stroke had only respiratory symptoms and 50% (9/18) presumed perinatal stroke were asymptomatic. The incidence of cerebral palsy was 29% (20/69) with acute symptomatic perinatal stroke and 72% (13/18) with presumed perinatal stroke.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The first week of a child's life is the most critical period in terms of lifelong disability from perinatal stroke. Recognising diverse clinical presentations will ensure early diagnosis and timely intervention treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 10","pages":"586-592"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16640","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Be alert to a spurious HbA1c: A rare alpha1-globin gene mutation","authors":"Lucy Collins,&nbsp;Eleanor Angley,&nbsp;Joel Smith,&nbsp;Fergus Cameron,&nbsp;Phoebe Stewart","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16649","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16649","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;An 11-year-old girl was investigated for impaired glucose tolerance. Her medical history included transient congenital hypothyroidism. Her family medical history was notable for type 2 diabetes mellitus affecting her mother, maternal grandmother, maternal uncle and paternal grandfather. She denied history of polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss and exogenous glucocorticoid administration. On examination, her weight was 72.3 kg (99.5 percentile, &lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt; = 2.59), height 160.5 cm (98.9 percentile, &lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt; = 2.30) and body mass index 28.1 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (98.0 percentile, &lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt; = 2.06). Acanthosis nigricans was noted circumferentially around her neck. There was no clinical stigmata of endogenous hypercortisolism. Initial biochemistry (Table 1) demonstrated elevated glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at 14.9%. Antibodies associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus were negative. Full blood count, thyroid function, renal function and haematinics were unremarkable. C-peptide was elevated. Liver function, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and lipid profile were unremarkable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Repeat HbA1c (14.5%, Biorad D10 Ion exchange chromatography, Fig. 1) was elevated. A presumed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes was made. Metformin extended release and 18 units of basal insulin were commenced, in addition to life-style and dietary intervention. Blood glucose monitoring reflected excellent glycaemic control, with blood sugar levels between 4.7 and 6.3 mmol/L. Basal insulin was rapidly reduced, and eventually ceased after 4 weeks due to stable blood glucose levels. A spurious HbA1c result was suspected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fructosamine was low at 231 μmol/L (250–380) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was normal; fasting glucose 4.5 mmol/L (&lt;6.1 mmol), 60-min glucose 5.0 mmol/L (&lt;7.8 mmol/L) and 120-min glucose 4.6 mmol/L (&lt;7.8 mmol/L). A Freestyle Libre 2 Continuous Glucose Monitoring System displayed 99% of blood glucose readings in range (3.9–10.0 mmol/L). HbA1c was repeated on an alternative assay. HbA1c was normal at 5.4% (Trinity Biotech Boronate Affinity Chromatography). Metformin was ceased, and the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes was revised.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An underlying haemoglobinopathy was hypothesised to cause the discrepancy in HbA1c and OGTT results. A haemoglobinopathy screen detected an abnormal haemoglobin variant in zone 11 of 10.6%, suggestive of an uncommon alpha variant (Fig. 2). Genetic testing was undertaken. DNA sequencing found her to be compound heterozygous for the common single gene deletion (−alpha 3.7) alpha thalassaemia mutation and the HbA1:c382A&gt;G (Hb Shantou) variant in the alpha1-globin gene. The HbA1:c382A&gt;G (Hb Shantou) genetic variant is responsible for the haemoglobin variant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cascade testing in her family is underway.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The incidence of paediatric type 2 diabetes has increased, especially in high-risk ethnic groups (Indigenous Australians, Pacific Islanders and Maori people).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Close monitoring and in","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 10","pages":"610-612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16649","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide risk among young people who use drugs in Hanoi, Vietnam: Prevalence and related factors","authors":"Pham T Luan,&nbsp;Quang L Pham,&nbsp;Doan D Tan,&nbsp;Nguyen T Linh,&nbsp;Nguyen T Long,&nbsp;Khuat TH Oanh,&nbsp;Laurent Michel,&nbsp;Nguyen Van Tuan","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16648","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16648","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents and young adults are vulnerable to suicidality, especially those at high risk such as young people who use drugs (YPUD). This study aimed to assess the prevalence and related factors of suicide risk among this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study on YPUD aged 16–24 in the community in Hanoi, Vietnam. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, drug use, and adverse childhood experiences were collected using face-to-face questionnaires by research assistants. YPUD were screened by psychiatrists for depression, psychotic symptoms, and suicide risk, using the MINI questionnaire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three hundred-seven YPUD (250 males, 57 females) participated in the study; of those, 86 (28.0%) were at risk of suicide. Gender (female), adverse childhood experiences, depression, and psychosis were relevant factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of suicide risk among young people using drugs was high. Therefore, suicide risk should be screened and monitored in the clinical assessment of this population. In addition, the intervention efforts to detect and intervene in adverse events during childhood may be one way to prevent mental health and suicide in later life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 11","pages":"654-659"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of spinal mobilisation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A randomised controlled trial","authors":"Eylem Küçük,&nbsp;Erol Öten,&nbsp;Gürsoy Coşkun","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16650","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16650","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of spinal mobilisation on curvature magnitude, angle of trunk rotation (ATR) and pulmonary function in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conducted as a double-blind randomised controlled trial, the study included 40 patients with AIS (Cobb angles 10°–25°) randomised to experimental (<i>n</i> = 20; female = 12, male = 8; age = 12.9 ± 1.8 mean ± SD) and control (<i>n</i> = 20; female = 13, male = 7; age = 12.85 ± 1.81 mean ± SD) groups. The experimental group received spinal mobilisation for 30 min per session followed by 60 min of core stabilisation exercises (CSE), twice a week for 10 weeks. The control group received CSE only at the same frequency and duration. Evaluation of Cobb angle, ATR and pulmonary function tests (PEF: Peak Expiratory Flow, FEV1: Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s, FVC: Forced Vital Capacity, and FEV1/FVC: Tiffeneau index) were performed at baseline and after the intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both groups showed significant improvements in Cobb angle, ATR, PEF and FVC, with the experimental group showing significantly greater improvements in Cobb angle (−7.65 ± 3.17) and ATR (−2.5 ± 1.43) compared to the control group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In addition, while the control group showed no change in FEV1, the experimental group showed improvement. There was no change in FEV1/FVC ratio in either group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results indicate that adding spinal mobilisation to treatment sessions can effectively reduce the magnitude of curvature and improve scoliosis-related problems in the short term.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 11","pages":"660-668"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16650","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141995889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Brexit in adolescent gender dysphoria care?","authors":"Ludovica Barbi,&nbsp;Gianluca Tornese","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16651","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16651","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;On 10 April 2024, the independent review of gender identity services for children and young people in the United Kingdom was published, the so-called ‘Cass review’.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The review aimed to advise the English National Health System on how to improve gender identity services. The review strongly recommends a new model of care where puberty blockers ‘should only be offered under a research protocol’, because ‘we have no good evidence on the long-term outcomes of interventions to manage gender-related distress’.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This decision came after a systematic review by the University of York that concluded that ‘no high-quality studies were identified that used an appropriate study design to assess the outcomes of puberty suppression in adolescents experiencing gender dysphoria/incongruence’.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;While being 388 pages long, the review did not consider at the end that clinical decisions, especially in paediatrics, are not solely reliant on evidence from randomised clinical trials. For example, a study showed that among recent Cochrane Reviews, more than 9 in 10 studied health-care interventions are not supported by high-quality evidence.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Perhaps we should not use any more non-pharmacological strategies to reduce procedural pain in children (such as non-nutritive sucking, facilitated tucking, and swaddling) because most analyses in this topic were based on very low- or low-certainty grades of evidence and none were based on high-certainty evidence.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The same puberty blockers have been utilised since 1981 for treating central precocious puberty, and their use is now considered safe and effective, with no known severe long-term adverse effects. They have been licensed for central precocious puberty based on relatively short open-label studies with small groups of patients because it was impossible and unethical to perform more robust studies (i.e., randomised controlled trials).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Limited evidence exists, for example, on their psychological outcomes in children with central precocious puberty. If we aspire to the same scientific rigour as Cass review then, by the transitive property, we may well consider ceasing the prescription of puberty blockers also in children with precocious puberty.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The suggestion to increase the available evidence by using a research protocol is obviously spot-on. However, a question should be asked. On the grounds of the available evidence, including non-randomised trials, would it be ethical to force children to adhere to research protocols or to wait for &gt;10-year follow-up study results to start using puberty blockers in clinical practice? What are the risks at stake? Children with untreated gender dysphoria are at higher risk of psychological suffering and suicide when compared to peers.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Moreover, available controlled evidence suggests that puberty bl","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 10","pages":"617-618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16651","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141995890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}