Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports最新文献

{"title":"A Silent Shoulder of Plentiful Pathology: An Uncommon Presentation of Acromioclavicular Ganglion Cyst.","authors":"Steve Fernandes, Santosh Jeevannavar, Keshav Shenoy, Prasanna Baindoor","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6036","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The acromioclavicular (AC) ganglion cyst first described by a shoulder arthrogram by Craig in 1984, still remains an uncommon presentation of a shoulder pathology. Classified as a type one cyst by Hiller in the presence of a rotator cuff pathology, the management of these lesions is governed by ill-defined guidelines. Literature shows the variability of surgical management ranges from simple cyst excision and lateral end clavicular excision to reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Type two cysts are usually benign ganglion cysts, filled with mucinous putty material, and arise from the AC joint as a result of constant pressure of the synovial fluid passing in sequence, from the glenohumeral joint to the subacromial bursa and then reaching the AC joint. They are painless, gradually enlarging masses that appear just at the tip of the shoulder and, unless large, do not limit shoulder movements.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present to you a 77-year-old male patient with hypertension and diabetes, who came with a painless swelling over the right shoulder, gradually increasing in size for the first 6 months. He gave a prior history of pain in the shoulder associated with stiffness, depicting a frozen shoulder 5 years ago. On examination, the swelling was soft, cystic, non-reducible, fluctuant, measuring 3 × 3 cm centred over the AC joint. The range of motion was near normal, comparable to the opposite side, associated with crepitus, although pain free. Clinical special tests revealed intact but weak cuff muscles. Imaging was performed that revealed superior migration of the humeral head and near complete chronic supraspinatus tear with glenohumeral arthritis on radiograph. Magnetic resonance imaging showed synovial thickening with a cystic homogenous swelling above the AC joint, a cutoff geyser sign with no communication to the AC joint or subacromial bursa. Complete excision of the cyst in toto was performed with no additional procedure. The histopathological examination revealed a ganglion cyst.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The AC joint cyst is a rare clinical diagnosis, requiring further insight into the spectrum of management of these lesions. In our case, the lack of clinical findings makes the management more challenging and thus, individualised.</p>","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"116-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetrical Bilateral Complex Dislocations of the Hips: A Rare Case Report.","authors":"Papa Kwabena Offeh Kyei, Tamsanqa Joseph Mazibuko, Collen Sandile Nkosi","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6088","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Asymmetrical hip dislocations are rare injuries. The native hip joint is inherently stable, so both joints will dislocate in a high-energy setting. Therefore, it is imperative to exclude other associated injuries and fractures and ensure both hips are reduced timeously.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present a rare case of a 46-year-old male patient who presented with asymmetrical complex hip dislocations following a pedestrian-vehicle accident. Both hips were reduced; however, the left acetabulum posterior wall needed open reduction and internal fixation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in hip dislocations to mitigate the long-term complications. Patients who sustain asymmetrical complex dislocations should be evaluated for other injuries, as these are generally associated with poorer outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"250-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical Idiopathic Inferior Functional Shoulder Instability in a 15-year-old Female: A Case Report and Review of Literature.","authors":"Shrirang R Godbole, Devendra N Vartak, Renuka S Indurkar, Gayatri R Godbole","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6020","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The glenohumeral joint, while offering a high degree of mobility due to its ball-and-socket design, is inherently unstable. Shoulder instability is particularly challenging in pediatric and adolescent populations, where presentations are often atypical and non-traumatic. Functional shoulder instability (FSI), especially when idiopathic and inferior in direction, is exceedingly rare and underrepresented in literature.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report a unique case of a 15-year-old female who presented with chronic, atraumatic left shoulder subluxation, persisting over 18 months. The patient experienced pain and limited range of motion but reported no history of injury. Multiple prior consultations yielded temporary relief with analgesics, and no definitive diagnosis was established. Clinical evaluation revealed limited active abduction and external rotation with no signs of ligamentous laxity or neurological involvement. Radiographic assessment demonstrated gross inferior subluxation of the humeral head. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography imaging confirmed intact soft tissue structures with mild joint effusion, anterior glenoid flattening, and a 6% glenoid bone loss. A diagnosis of inferior, non-positional, controllable idiopathic FSI was made, likely due to deltoid atony.</p><p><strong>Treatment and outcome: </strong>Management included temporary immobilization and physiotherapy using the Watson multidirectional instability protocol focused on scapular motor control retraining. After 10 weeks, the patient showed marked improvement with restoration of overhead abduction and full external rotation. Radiographs confirmed proper joint alignment, and the patient resumed normal activities symptom-free.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights a rare presentation of inferior idiopathic FSI in an adolescent. Early recognition and structured rehabilitation can lead to excellent outcomes, avoiding unnecessary interventions. Increased awareness of such atypical presentations is essential for prompt diagnosis and effective non-operative management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"71-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Forearm Compartment Syndrome in a Toddler Caused by Hematoma without Fracture: A Case Report.","authors":"Yasushi Naganuma, Hiroshi Satake, Norio Fukuda, Michiaki Takagi","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6038","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute forearm compartment syndrome (AFCS) is rare in pediatric patients. Diagnosis of AFCS in pediatric patients is often difficult based on their presentation variability and immature verbal. We present a case of AFCS in a toddler who showed specific congestion from the distal forearm to the hand that resulted in a hematoma without fracture.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 2-year-old boy had right upper extremity pain and paralysis after falling from a chair. He had no family history of congenital hemorrhagic diseases or anticoagulant medications. His right distal forearm to hand was congested with a clear borderline to the proximal forearm. It was unable to detect any fractures in the X-rays. We diagnosed him with AFCS and performed a fasciotomy that showed a developing hematoma around the carpal tunnel. Two years after surgery, he had no signs of neurological defect in the upper extremity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The toddler was injured by a low-energy fall, which was atypical enough to suggest the onset of ACFS. Congestion beyond the wrist, with a clear border to the proximal area, indicating peripheral circulatory disturbance, was the most notable physical finding in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"121-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual Case of Failure of Tibial Polyethylene Insert Locking Mechanism in a Design of Cruciate Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty - A Case Report.","authors":"Chandan Mehta, Mohan Madhav Desai, Kushagra Jain, Urvil Shah","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6106","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with a cruciate-retaining (CR) design is a widely performed procedure, but complications involving the prosthesis's locking mechanism are rare. We present a case of locking clip dislodgement in a Zimmer Biomet Vanguard prosthesis, highlighting a rare cause of post-operative swelling and hardware impingement.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A patient, 1 year after undergoing bilateral TKA, presented with a four-month history of medially prominent knee swelling. Clinical examination and radiographs revealed impinging hardware and confirmed the failure of the locking mechanism, with the locking clip visible as a dislodged entity. Following a negative work-up for infection, the patient was taken for revision surgery. The locking clip was found in the subcutaneous tissue, having buttonholed through the retinaculum. To facilitate access, the posterior cruciate ligament was released, a quadriceps snip was performed, and the anterior superficial medial collateral ligament was subperiosteally released. The original polyethylene liner was replaced with a new anterior stabilized (AS) polyethylene liner of the same thickness and secured with a new locking clip. Intraoperative cultures were negative. The post-operative course was uneventful, with the patient achieving full range of motion within 1 week.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report underscores that locking mechanism failure should be considered in the differential diagnosis of post-TKA knee swelling and pain. The use of an AS polyethylene liner with a new locking clip proved to be a successful revision strategy, leading to a favorable functional outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"299-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique, Strengthening, and Patellar Mobilization in the Physiotherapeutic Management of Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Namrata Srivastava, Nitesh Kumar Meena, Ajit Modi, Ajit Saharan, Shruti Mahajan, Kartik Chhonker","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6130","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6130","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder characterized by anterior knee pain, stiffness, reduced functional mobility, and impaired quality of life, particularly in older adults. Due to its multifactorial etiology-including muscle imbalance, altered patellar tracking, and joint degeneration-conservative physiotherapy approaches are often prioritized over surgical interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of an integrated physiotherapeutic regimen comprising muscle energy technique (MET), targeted strengthening exercises, and patellar mobilization in the management of PFOA. These findings support the inclusion of multimodal manual therapy and targeted exercise interventions as first-line conservative management strategies for patellofemoral joint degeneration. However, due to the small sample size, further large-scale studies are warranted to enhance generalizability and confirm these results.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A single-group pre- and post-interventional design was implemented involving 30 participants (aged 45-65 years) clinically and radiologically diagnosed with PFOA. The 6-week intervention protocol included MET applied to the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups, progressive resistance strengthening exercises focusing primarily on the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO), and patellar mobilization techniques aimed at improving patellar tracking and joint mobility. Each participant received three supervised sessions per week. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and post-intervention using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain intensity, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) for pain, stiffness, and functional limitation, and the Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale for patellofemoral joint function.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Statistical analysis revealed significant improvements across all outcome parameters post-intervention. Mean VAS scores decreased from 6.9 ± 1.2 to 3.1 ± 1.0 (P&lt; 0.001), indicating substantial pain relief. WOMAC scores showed a marked reduction from 58.6 ± 5.4 to 34.2 ± 4.9 (p&lt;0.001), reflecting improved joint function and reduced stiffness. The Kujala Score improved significantly from 45.7 ± 6.1 to 71.8± 5.6 (P&lt;0.001), denoting enhanced patellofemoral mechanics and functional mobility.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The study demonstrates that a physiotherapy program integrating MET, quadriceps strengthening (with VMO emphasis), and patellar mobilization is effective in significantly reducing pain and improving functional outcomes in individuals with PFOA. These findings support the inclusion of multimodal manual therapy and targeted exercise interventions as first-line conservative management strategies for patellofemoral joint degeneration. However, due to the small sample size, further large-scale studies are warranted to enhance generalizability ","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"376-381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Profile, High Impact: External Fixation using Locking Plates in Challenging Tibial Fractures.","authors":"Ismail Pandor, Abhishek Sharma, Paresh Patil, Alim Shaikh, Mayur Jagtap, Shubham Singhal","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6132","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Treating metadiaphyseal tibial fractures with compromised soft tissues remains a surgical challenge. While traditional external fixators are widely used, locking compression plates (LCPs) applied externally as fixators offer a promising alternative due to their low-profile design and angular stability.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective is to evaluate clinical outcomes, union rates, complications, and functional recovery in patients treated with locking plate external fixators (LPEFs) for metadiaphyseal tibia fractures.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective study of 15 adult patients with open or soft-tissue-compromised metadiaphyseal tibia fractures was conducted over 12 months. All patients were managed using LCP as an external fixator. Radiological union, time to weight-bearing, infection rates, reoperation need, and functional outcomes (knee society score [KSS] and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society [AOFAS]) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean time to union was 12.1 weeks, with a union rate of 90%. One superficial infection (6.6%) and one reoperation (6.6%) were noted. The final follow-up revealed excellent functional outcomes: Mean KSS score of 85 ± 5 and AOFAS of 81 ± 4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LPEF offers a viable fixation method in managing complex tibial fractures with soft-tissue compromise, allowing early mobilization, fewer complications, and excellent functional outcomes. Larger studies are needed to validate its widespread adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"382-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operative Management of a Chronic Proximal Rectus Femoris Muscle Tear in a Collegiate Athlete: A Case Report.","authors":"Andrew S Cuthbert, Deaquan J Nichols, Zylyftar Gorica, Glenn E Lee, J Brett Goodloe","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6010","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic tears of the rectus femoris (RF) are common injuries in sports involving sprinting and jumping; however, there is limited data on management and surgical indications. This holds particularly true with severe and recurrent injuries. Conservative treatment with rest and physical therapy (PT) or surgical management with excision versus repair are current options. We present a case of a chronic tear of the RF that failed extensive conservative management and subsequently underwent pseudotumor excision and direct tendon-to-tendon repair with successful return to sport.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>This case report describes a chronic injury to the indirect head of the RF in a 21-year-old softball player. The insidious onset was characterized by pain, edema, intramuscular hematoma, and decreased range of motion. The patient failed extensive conservative treatment, including 12 months of medication, PT, and activity modification. Surgical intervention and rehabilitation enabled the athlete to return to collegiate sport at the Division I level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgical debridement with primary tendon-to-tendon repair of a chronic tear of the RF that fails conservative treatment may allow a quick return to sport at pre-injury level.</p>","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"47-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel, Joint Sparing Surgical Approach to the Management of Giant Cell Tumor of the Distal Radius in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review.","authors":"Tushar Lalchandani, Lakshmana Das, Pankaj Sharma, Tarun Goyal, Nilesh Barwar","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6028","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a rare, locally aggressive neoplasm predominantly affecting skeletally mature individuals, with infrequent, uncommon occurrence in the pediatric population.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>This case report describes a young skeletally immature female presenting with a Campanacci grade 3 GCT of the distal radius, characterized an osteolytic lesion sparing the epiphysis. Following biopsy confirmation, the patient underwent wide local excision of the tumor with ulnar translocation, fixed using a distal radius locking plate to preserve joint integrity. Post-operative rehabilitation included physiotherapy to restore wrist mobility and grip strength.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 2 years post-surgery, the patient demonstrated no re-occurrence of tumor and satisfactory functional outcomes, including 90° dorsiflexion, 35° palmar flexion, 60° pronosupination, and 68% grip strength compared to the contralateral side.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report highlights an innovative surgical approach that preserves joint functionality in pediatric GCT cases, emphasizing the importance of anatomical reconstruction and long-term functional restoration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"95-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Knee Arthroplasty in Tuberculous Arthritis of the Knee - A Case Report.","authors":"Abhishek Shinde, Andela Veerendra","doi":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6064","DOIUrl":"10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i09.6064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with 10.6 million new cases and 1.3 million deaths reported in 2022. Extrapulmonary TB accounts for approximately 16% of all cases, with osteoarticular TB being a notable subset. Tubercular arthritis of the knee is a rare manifestation, often misdiagnosed due to its atypical presentation. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is considered the treatment of choice in advanced cases; however, evidence on outcomes in cases with incidental tubercular findings remains limited. This report highlights a case of tubercular arthritis of the knee diagnosed incidentally and evaluates the clinical outcomes following TKA.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 55-year-old female patient of South Asian descent presented with progressive left knee pain and restricted range of motion. Clinical and radiological investigations revealed signs of inflammatory pathology, including elevated serum markers and imaging findings consistent with arthritis. Histopathological examination of the synovial tissue confirmed tubercular arthritis. The patient underwent surgical debridement followed by TKA. Postoperatively, the patient demonstrated significant functional improvement and was closely monitored over a 2-year follow-up period, with no recurrence of infection or prosthesis-related complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The atypical presentation of tubercular arthritis of the knee poses a diagnostic challenge and carries a high risk of mismanagement if not properly evaluated. This case underscores the importance of thorough radiological and histopathological assessments for accurate diagnosis. Our findings suggest that a combined approach of debridement and TKA offers effective results, minimizing the risk of post-operative complications, including periprosthetic joint infections. This report adds valuable evidence to the orthopedic literature, demonstrating that TKA is a viable option for managing tubercular arthritis of the knee, which provided that the diagnosis is confirmed, and appropriate surgical and medical protocols are followed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":"188-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}