A Novel, Joint Sparing Surgical Approach to the Management of Giant Cell Tumor of the Distal Radius in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review.

Abstract

Introduction: Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a rare, locally aggressive neoplasm predominantly affecting skeletally mature individuals, with infrequent, uncommon occurrence in the pediatric population.

Case report: This case report describes a young skeletally immature female presenting with a Campanacci grade 3 GCT of the distal radius, characterized an osteolytic lesion sparing the epiphysis. Following biopsy confirmation, the patient underwent wide local excision of the tumor with ulnar translocation, fixed using a distal radius locking plate to preserve joint integrity. Post-operative rehabilitation included physiotherapy to restore wrist mobility and grip strength.

Results: At 2 years post-surgery, the patient demonstrated no re-occurrence of tumor and satisfactory functional outcomes, including 90° dorsiflexion, 35° palmar flexion, 60° pronosupination, and 68% grip strength compared to the contralateral side.

Conclusion: This report highlights an innovative surgical approach that preserves joint functionality in pediatric GCT cases, emphasizing the importance of anatomical reconstruction and long-term functional restoration.