Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Unpredictable Malnutrition and Short-Term Outcomes after Single Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal (SASI) Bypass in Obese Patients","authors":"Ayman Kamal, Mahmoud El Azawy, T. Hassan","doi":"10.1155/2023/5582940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5582940","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Introduction. The single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass is a novel metabolic/bariatric surgery operation based on minigastric bypass operation and Santoro’s operation. Objectives. The aim of this study is to present the clinical outcomes of SASI bypass as a treatment alternative for patients with morbid obesity. Methods. This study was a prospective follow-up of morbidly obese patients who underwent SASI bypass at Helwan University Hospital between March 1, 2019, and March 2020. The surgical procedure involved sleeve gastrectomy, followed by the anastomosis of the ileum, which was brought and hand-sewn 4 cm length side to side with the antrum, at a distance of 250 cm from the ileocecal valve. The data collected for the study included the resolution of comorbidities, incidence of gallstones, and one-year morbidity. Results. The mean age of the studied patients (n = 30) was 44.13 ± 8.9 years. The mean BMI of the studied patients was 47.3 ± 7.6 kg/ht2. All patients were morbidly obese for an average of 24 years. Postoperatively, 48% of the patients (n = 13) developed gallstones (GS), and the formation of GS was significantly higher in patients with longer durations of obesity (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 \u0000  = 0.009) and rapid weight loss. There was a significant decrease in the incidence of GS after 12 months postoperatively (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 \u0000  < 0.05). 63% of the patients (n = 19) had malnutrition, and 15 cases required revision due to the fear of further weight loss. Revision and malnutrition were significantly higher among male patients than female patients and among patients with longer durations of obesity (\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 \u0000  ≤ 0.001). Conclusion. The SASI bypass may be an effective bariatric and metabolic surgery that can achieve satisfactory weight loss and improvement in medical comorbidities. However, our study highlights the potential risks of severe malnutrition and unpredictable weight loss; patient selection and duration of obesity may play a role in mitigating these risks.","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48262458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Communication: Histological Assessment of Nonhuman Primate Brown Adipose Tissue Highlights the Importance of Sympathetic Innervation.","authors":"Abigail G Williams, Masha Long, Kylie Kavanagh","doi":"10.1155/2023/5651084","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/5651084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to functionally analyze the correlation of key histological features in brown adipose tissue (BAT) with clinical metabolic traits in nonhuman primates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Axillary adipose tissue biopsies were collected from a metabolically diverse nonhuman primate cohort with clinical metabolism-related data. Expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 (COX IV), beta-3 adrenergic receptor (<i>β</i>3-AR), and adipose cell size were quantified by immunohistochemical analysis. Computed tomography scans were performed to assess body composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tyrosine hydroxylase was negatively correlated with whole body fat mass as a percentage of body weight (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and was positively correlated with the density of UCP1 (<i>p</i> = 0.02), COX IV (<i>p</i> = 0.006), CD31 (<i>p</i> = 0.007), and cell density (<i>p</i> = 0.02) of the BAT samples. Beta-3 adrenergic receptor abundance had a weak positive correlation with COX IV (<i>p</i> = 0.04) in BAT but did not significantly correlate to UCP1 or TH expression in BAT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight that there is a disparity in innervation provided to BAT based on body composition, as seen with the negative association between TH, a marker for innervation, and adiposity. These findings also support the importance of innervation in the functionality of BAT, as TH abundance not only supports leaner body composition but is also positively correlated with known structural elements in BAT (UCP1, COX IV, CD31, and cell density). Based on our observations, <i>β</i>3-AR abundance does not strongly drive these structural elements or TH, all of which are known to be important in the function of brown adipose tissue. In effect, while the role of other receptors, such as <i>β</i>2-AR, should be reviewed in BAT function, these results support the development of safe sympathetic nervous system stimulants to activate brown adipose tissue for obesity treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9879676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10136018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Vitro</i> Insulin Resistance Model: A Recent Update.","authors":"Ratih D Yudhani,&nbsp;Yulia Sari,&nbsp;Dwi A A Nugrahaningsih,&nbsp;Eti N Sholikhah,&nbsp;Maftuchah Rochmanti,&nbsp;Abdul K R Purba,&nbsp;Husnul Khotimah,&nbsp;Dian Nugrahenny,&nbsp;Mustofa Mustofa","doi":"10.1155/2023/1964732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1964732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insulin resistance, which affects insulin-sensitive tissues, including adipose tissues, skeletal muscle, and the liver, is the central pathophysiological mechanism underlying type 2 diabetes progression. Decreased glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive tissues disrupts insulin signaling pathways, particularly the PI3K/Akt pathway. An <i>in vitro</i> model is appropriate for studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying insulin resistance because it is easy to maintain and the results can be easily reproduced. The application of cell-based models for exploring the pathogenesis of diabetes and insulin resistance as well as for developing drugs for these conditions is well known. However, a comprehensive review of <i>in vitro</i> insulin resistance models is lacking. Therefore, this review was conducted to provide a comprehensive overview and summary of the latest <i>in vitro</i> insulin resistance models, particularly 3T3-L1 (preadipocyte), C2C12 (skeletal muscle), and HepG2 (liver) cell lines induced with palmitic acid, high glucose, or chronic exposure to insulin.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9876677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9079785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Unhealthy Food Consumption and Impaired Glucose Metabolism among Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Indonesian Population.","authors":"Adriyan Pramono,&nbsp;Deny Y Fitranti,&nbsp;K Heri Nugroho,&nbsp;M Ali Sobirin,&nbsp;Ahmad Syauqy","doi":"10.1155/2023/2885769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2885769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It has been shown that dietary patterns are associated with glucose control. However, the association between the types of food consumed and blood glucose in overweight or obese individuals is still unclear. The present study aimed to determine the association between unhealthy food consumption and impaired glucose metabolism in adults with overweight or obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analysis presented in this study was based on the data from a population-based, cross-sectional, nationally representative survey (Indonesian Basic Health Research 2018/RISKESDAS 2018). The body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg)/height squared (m²) and was determined based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for the Asian population. A validated questionnaire and food card were used to assess the diet. Fasting plasma glucose and 2-hpost-prandial glucose were employed to determine blood glucose markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 8752 adults with overweight or obesity were included in this analysis. We found that consumption of sweet, grilled, and processed foods was associated with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) before and after adjustment (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Consumption of high-fat foods was also associated with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) for all models tested (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, all models showed a link between processed food consumption and combined glucose intolerance (CGI) (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Differential food group consumption was associated with IFG, IGT, and CGI in Indonesian adults who were overweight or obese.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10060072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9675700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Assessment of Dyslipidemias, Hyperglycemia, Hyperuricemia, and Hypertension Utilizing Self-Reported Body Silhouettes.","authors":"Ruben Blachman-Braun,&nbsp;Juan O Talavera,&nbsp;Marcela Pérez-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Ivonne Roy-García,&nbsp;Rodolfo Rivas-Ruiz,&nbsp;Gerardo Huitrón-Bravo,&nbsp;Jorge Salmerón","doi":"10.1155/2023/4991684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4991684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Self-reported body silhouette is an anthropometric instrument that has been utilized as a screening tool for underweight, overweight, obesity, and other abnormal anthropometric variables. Herein, we analyzed the risk associated with the self-reported body silhouette in the scope of dyslipidemias, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult participants of the Health Workers Cohort Study enrolled between March 2004 and April 2006 were included. Then, risk analysis was performed considering dyslipidemias as serum triglycerides, high total cholesterol, high LDL-C, low HDL-C, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,297 males and 5,003 females were analyzed. The median ages of the studied population was 39 (30-49) and 41 (31-50) years for males and females, respectively. Overall, there is a stepwise increase in the risk of presenting dyslipidemias, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and hypertension as the self-reported body silhouette number increases, this tendency was observed in both males and females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-reported body silhouette is a useful risk assessment tool for dyslipidemias, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and hypertension in Mexican adults. Applications of questioners containing this silhouette might be considered a valuable public health instrument due to their low cost, relative simplicity, and absence of specialized equipment, training, or respondent knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10072955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9675712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Effects of Breakfast Fruits Meal Sequence and Postprandial Exercise on the Blood Glucose Level and DPP4 Activity among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Indarto Dono,&nbsp;Dwipajati Dwipajati,&nbsp;Paramasari Dirgahayu,&nbsp;Yohanes Cakrapradipta Wibowo,&nbsp;Yoga Mulia Pratama","doi":"10.1155/2022/4875993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4875993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major global public health issue. Diet and physical exercise are modifiable factors that influence the glycaemic status of patients with T2DM. We aimed to investigate the acute effects of breakfast fruits meal sequence and postprandial exercise on the blood glucose level and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) activity among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized pilot study recruited patients with T2DM who attended two primary health care centres in Tasikmadu District, Karanganyar Regency, and Kartasura District, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, from July to October 2016. Eligible patients (4 men and 32 women) were randomly divided into four treatment groups. Venous blood samples were analyzed for fasting and one-hour postprandial blood glucose (FBG and 1 h PPG) levels and DPP4 activity. Blood glucose levels were measured using a routine hexokinase method, and serum DPP4 activity was determined spectrophotometrically after incubation with the Gly-Pro-p-nitroanilide substrate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fruits last meal decreased FBG level whilst fruits first meal did not significantly decrease 1 h PPG level. Both treatments had no acute effects on DPP4 activity but the addition of postprandial exercise helped lower DPP4 activity. Fruit last and first meals showed significant opposite effects on mean changes of FBG level (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This preliminary report of fruits meal sequence is potentially involved in acute regulation of blood glucose levels and that it might be independent of DPP4 activity in Indonesian patients with T2DM. Moreover, postprandial exercise may be an important intervention for T2DM through the mediation of DPP4 but has no acute effects on the regulation of blood glucose levels. Further studies are required to investigate whether or not different types of fruits and longer treatment intervals can affect blood glucose levels and DPP4 activity differently. This study also gives an insight into the feasibility of conducting food order modification with or without the combination of postprandial exercise in a primary health setting for our next studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9532157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33492028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Difference in Food Choice and Eating Practice and Their Association with Health among Students of Kathmandu, Nepal.","authors":"Maginsh Dahal,&nbsp;Alisha Basnet,&nbsp;Sudip Khanal,&nbsp;Kushalata Baral,&nbsp;Smriti Dhakal","doi":"10.1155/2022/2340809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2340809","url":null,"abstract":"Background Our eating practice is generally based on the food we choose to eat. The selection of unhealthy food, high cost of healthy food items, and easy availability of fast food may have negative impact on our health and eating behaviour. This study aims to access the gender difference in food choice and eating practice and their association with health among students in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 385 randomly selected undergraduate BBA (Bachelor in Business Administration) students of Tribhuvan University in Kathmandu by using semistructured self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included sociodemographic characters, health status, behaviour factors, eating practice, and food choice which were measured using Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ). The data was analysed in SPSS. Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were calculated, and chi-square test and logistic regression were used to measure the association between two variables. Results The study is comprised of 50.4% female and 49.6% male with mean ages of 20.04 and 20.75, respectively. A gender difference was observed in food choice but no gender difference was observed in eating practice. There was no significant association of food choice and eating practice with health. However, food choice and eating practice showed an association with the current living status of the respondents. Sensory appeal and health were the most important food choice motives among males and females, respectively. Conclusion The study concluded that no gender difference was observed in food choice. However, gender difference was observed in eating practice. There was no association of food choice and eating practice with health.","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9436614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40350640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Overweight and Obesity on Morbidity and Mortality among Hospitalized Patients in Sri Lanka: A Single-Center Analysis.","authors":"M D S A Dilrukshi,&nbsp;V Thotamuna,&nbsp;D J Senarath Yapa,&nbsp;L De Silva,&nbsp;P Ranasinghe,&nbsp;P Katulanda","doi":"10.1155/2022/9172365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9172365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current evidence regarding the association between overweight and obesity and in-hospital morbidity and mortality is inconsistent and South Asian populations are underrepresented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data relevant to anthropometry, hospital outcomes, complications, and medical diagnoses of all acute medical admissions to the National Hospital of Sri Lanka were collected over a period of 3 months. Analysis was performed with WHO international (ICs) and Asian obesity cut-offs (ACs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sample size was 2,128 (median age: 57 years [IQR: 42, 67], males: 49.7%). High prevalence of overweight (23.5%), generalized obesity (10.4%), central obesity (28.5%), and underweight (15.4%) was observed (ICs). Patients with either generalized or central obesity had significantly higher in-hospital mortality (4.8% versus 2.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.031) and acute kidney injury (AKI) (3.9% versus 1.2%) (<i>p</i> = 0.001) compared to normal weight. With ACs, overweight and obesity prevalence increased, without any significant increment in morbidity and mortality, but median length of hospital stay was significantly reduced in patients with generalized obesity compared to normal (3 [IQR: 2, 5] versus 4 [IQR: 2, 6], <i>p</i> = 0.014). Infections (44.4%) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) (25.9%) were the most common causes of admission. Overweight and generalized obesity or central obesity were associated with increased prevalence of acute CVDs and CVD risk factors and lower prevalence of acute infections, whilst underweight showed an inverse association.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A double burden of malnutrition and diseases were noted among hospital admissions, with obesity being a risk factor for in-hospital all-cause mortality and AKI. Overweight and obesity were associated with increased CVDs and reduced infections. Larger prospective studies are required to characterize these associations among South Asians.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9411002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33442852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overweight and Its Associated Factors among Women of Reproductive Age in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia, 2021: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ismael Omer,&nbsp;Tariku Derese,&nbsp;Yitagesu Sintayehu","doi":"10.1155/2022/7268573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7268573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight in women of reproductive age is a major public health concern in developing countries because of overconsumption of low-quality food. Currently, being overweight is a major health concern worldwide. It exposes humans to various health problems. In Ethiopia, despite the trend indicated increasing in overweight, priority is given for undernutrition. In Dire Dawa, there is scarce evidence regarding reproductive age overweight. Therefore, this study is designed to assess the prevalence of overweight and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in eastern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 15 to June 15, 2021, in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia; a multi-stage systematic sampling technique was used to select 559 women aged 15-49 years. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured pretested questionnaire. Ninety-five percent CI was used to identify the factors associated with overweight while controlling for all possible confounders using multivariable logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at a <i>P</i>-value of 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study revealed that the prevalence of overweight was 63.1% (95% CI: 59.0, 67.2). Overweight was significantly associated with weekly discretionary calories (AOR = 3.964, 95% CI (1.131, 13.894)), contraceptive use (AOR = 2.838, 95% CI (1.443, 5.580)), and monthly family income (AOR = 3.916, 95% CI (1.352, 11.340)).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overweight among women of reproductive age was high in Dire Dawa city. Discretionary calories per week, family monthly income, and contraceptive use were significantly associated with overweight. Developing and implementing community-based culturally sensitive, feasible, and potentially high-impact intervention to address the modifiable risk factors among women of reproductive age is critical.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9398806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33437880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity Knowledge, Attitude, and Behaviours Among Adolescents in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Prior to and during COVID-19 Restrictions.","authors":"Naif Almutairi, Sharyn Burns, Linda Portsmouth","doi":"10.1155/2022/1892017","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/1892017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has increased dramatically and poses a major public health threat globally. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the main cause of adolescent obesity is an increase in physical inactivity and unhealthy eating habits due to lifestyle changes. This study reports on factors associated with physical activity (PA) prior to and during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) among middle school students in Jeddah, KSA.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Jeddah, KSA among 1500 middle school students aged 11 to 15 years. Sociodemographic characteristics; PA knowledge, attitude, and behaviours; and information about the impact of COVID-19 on PA were collected. Knowledge, attitude, and behaviours of PA before and during COVID-19 restrictions and between gender were compared. Regression analyses were conducted to assess the determinants of PA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Female students were significantly more likely to report better knowledge of PA compared to males (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, males were significantly more likely to participate in PA compared to females (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Approximately 60% of students reported their PA decreased during COVID-19 isolations. Most students did not participate in the recommended levels of daily PA during COVID-19 lockdowns and school closures. After adjusting for demographics, knowledge, and attitude, students who did not usually participate in school sports (<i>p</i>=0.017) and as members of clubs (<i>p</i>=0.002) were less likely to be active during COVID-19 lockdown.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Efforts to enhance PA should be implemented through coordinated school and community-based programs to achieve the recommended PA among adolescents at home and in schools. Policy to ensure students receive PA opportunities at school is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9363232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40716689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}