Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Factors Associated With the Nutritional Status of Children and Their Parents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis With Families Registered in Family Health Units, ES/2021.","authors":"Kéllyda Cinnara da Silva Moura, Oscar Geovanny Enriquez-Martinez, Haysla Xavier Martins Mendonça, Leticia Batista de Azevedo, Ana Maria Abreu de Oliveira, Ana Luiza Leite Costa, Pedro Antonio Souza de Almeida, Maria Del Carmen Bisi Molina","doi":"10.1155/jobe/3067261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jobe/3067261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a major public health challenge, and its prevalence is increasing in most countries around the world and across all age groups.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to identify the correspondence and factors associated with the nutritional status of children aged 7-10 years and their parents/guardians registered in Family Health Units in a metropolitan region in southeastern Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study with a convenience sample was carried out in 26 Family Health Units in four municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Vitória/ES, between July and December/2021. An anthropometric examination was performed, and sociodemographic and lifestyle data were collected. Nutritional status was classified using body mass index (BMI). Multinominal logistic regression models were tested, adopting p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Around 56.5% of children classified as obese had parents/guardians with obesity. A greater chance of being obese was observed in adults aged > 30 years (OR: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.35; 4.06), Black race/color (OR: 2.82; 95% CI: 1.25; 6.33), and self-perceived health as regular/poor/very poor (OR: 4.12; 95% CI: 2.28; 7.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children's nutritional status is only associated with that of their parents/guardians, especially when they have obesity. Higher age range, Black race/color, and worse self-perceived health were associated with obesity in adults. Public policies should be implemented to tackle obesity at all levels, including the promotion of adequate nutrition, self-care regarding health, and the encouragement of physical activity within the context of primary healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e3067261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating Effects of Lipid Biomarkers and Sex-Specific Moderation on the Associations Between Anthropometric and Dietary Factors With Insulin Resistance.","authors":"Brice Ulrich Foudjo Saha, Lifoter Kenneth Navti, Ismael Teta, Fanuel Yibume Bey, Edouard Akono Nantia, Tume Christopher Bonglavnyuy, Eugene Sobngwi","doi":"10.1155/jobe/7216950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jobe/7216950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Various anthropometric and dietary indicators influence insulin resistance (IR), and lipid biomarkers may play a pivotal mediating role in these relationships. To investigate the mediating effects of lipid biomarkers on the relationships between anthropometric, dietary indicators, and IR, and the moderating role of sex in these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 169 participants. Parallel mediation models assessed the mediating effects of lipid biomarkers (triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol) on the relationships between anthropometric (BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio) and dietary indicators (at least one starchy staple, at least one fruit, consumed all five recommended food groups (ALL-5), global dietary recommendations (GDR) score, and noncommunicable disease risk/protect scores) and IR. Moderated mediation analyses evaluated the moderating effect of sex. Statistical analyses were bootstrapped.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cumulative effect of lipid biomarkers fully mediated the relationship between WHtR and IR (Indirect Coef. = 0.65; 95% CI [0.02, 1.70]). TG significantly mediated the associations between WHR and IR (indirect Coef. = 0.55; 95% CI [0.11, 2.63]), BMI and IR (indirect Coef. = 0.76; 95% CI [0.17, 2.27]), and WC and IR (indirect Coef. = 0.72; 95% CI [0.04, 2.63]). Furthermore, LDL-C (Indirect Coef. = 1.99; 95% CI [0.24, 9.61]) and HDL-C (Indirect Coef. = 0.55; 95% CI [0.03, 2.57]) mediated the relationships of starchy staple and fruit intake with IR, respectively. Sex moderated the direct effect of WC on IR (interaction Coef. = 5.11, p = 0.002) but did not moderate the indirect pathways involving lipid biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings elucidate the intricate interplay between body composition, diet, lipid biomarkers, sex, and IR, providing insights for developing targeted prevention and intervention strategies to combat IR.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e7216950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147433535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Overweight in Children Starts Early in Life: Findings From the Italian NASCITA Birth Cohort Study.","authors":"Antonio Clavenna, Rita Campi, Chiara Pandolfini, Maurizio Bonati","doi":"10.1155/jobe/1633187","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/1633187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of overweight at 36 months of age and that of persistent overweight in an Italian birth cohort and to identify factors related to an increased likelihood of having overweight.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Italian NASCITA birth cohort was analysed. Children were classified in the underweight, normal or overweight range at 12, 24 and 36 months of age according to the World Health Organization percentiles, and the prevalence of overweight (≥ 85th centile) was estimated. Persistent overweight was defined as having overweight in all three assessments. To test the association between the chance of having overweight, and parental and child characteristics, healthy newborns with appropriate for gestational age birth weight were selected, and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of overweight was 22.7% at 12 months of age and 21.2% at 36 months (chi square-for-trend = 1.5 and p = 0.21). In all, 8.8% of the children had persistent overweight. Overweight at 12 months (RR: 3.28 and 95% CI: 2.69-4.00) and a big appetite (RR: 2.00 and 95% CI: 1.59-2.52) were the main factors associated with greater likelihood of overweight at 36 months, while excessive appetite and frequency of interaction with electronic devices were the main determinants of persistent overweight.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The body mass index status at 12 months greatly influenced that at 36 months. The increased risk of persistent overweight in children interacting with electronic devices suggests that extreme caution in allowing preschool children to use smartphone or tablets should be adopted. Furthermore, nutritional education of the entire family is essential to appropriately guide children's appetite.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e1633187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Narrative Review of Weight Management Strategies: From Lifestyle Interventions to Emerging Pharmacotherapies.","authors":"Iman Saad Ahmed, Sara Luay Tapponi, Hala Malek Manaa, Amina Soltani, Elzahraa Shehata Hussein, Fatemeh Ali Parvaresh, Zahid Hussain","doi":"10.1155/jobe/6556057","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/6556057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial disease associated with significant cardiometabolic, psychological, and socioeconomic consequences. Its complex etiology necessitates integrated, evidence-based management strategies beyond simple caloric restriction.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This narrative review aims to critically evaluate current and emerging weight management strategies, including lifestyle interventions, dietary patterns, behavioral approaches, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric procedures, with attention to efficacy, limitations, sustainability, and real-world applicability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar to identify relevant peer-reviewed articles on obesity management. Studies addressing dietary strategies, physical activity, behavioral therapy, antiobesity medications, and surgical or endoscopic interventions were included. Evidence was synthesized narratively, emphasizing comparative effectiveness, safety considerations, and long-term challenges.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lifestyle interventions remain the foundation of obesity management; however, long-term success is often limited by physiological adaptations, behavioral factors, and socioeconomic barriers. Among dietary approaches, differences in weight loss tend to diminish over time, highlighting adherence and sustainability as key determinants of success. Pharmacotherapy has advanced significantly, particularly with incretin-based agents such as GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GIP/GLP-1 agonists, which produce substantial weight loss and cardiometabolic benefits but require ongoing use and may be limited by cost and tolerability. Bariatric surgery remains the most effective long-term intervention for severe obesity, while less invasive endoscopic procedures are expanding treatment options. Behavioral and psychological support plays a critical role in improving adherence across all interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Effective obesity management requires a personalized, multidisciplinary approach integrating sustainable lifestyle strategies with pharmacological or procedural therapies when appropriate. While recent therapeutic innovations have expanded treatment possibilities, long-term success depends on behavioral support, accessibility, and continued evaluation of safety and cost-effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6556057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13075284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147674274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression Analysis of Selected microRNAs in Diabetes Mellitus Visceral Fat Tissues.","authors":"Rabeah Al-Temaimi, Rasheed Ahmad, Kusum Kapila, Fahd Al-Mulla","doi":"10.1155/jobe/3230015","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/3230015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>MicroRNA (miRNA) profiling of visceral adipose tissue in Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains limited. We compared the expression of obesity-associated miRNAs in visceral fat from individuals with T2DM versus metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and examined Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) as a candidate miR-543 target.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Visceral fat biopsies were obtained from adults with T2DM (n = 8) and MHO (n = 11). Thirteen miRNAs previously linked to obesity were quantified, and RKIP expression was evaluated at the mRNA level and by immunohistochemistry, including phosphorylated RKIP (pRKIP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 13 miRNAs analyzed, miR-23a-3p and miR-543 were upregulated in T2DM (p = 0.032 and p = 0.009, respectively), whereas miR-320a-3p was downregulated (p = 0.009). RKIP mRNA levels did not differ between groups; however, in MHO adipocytes, RKIP mRNA correlated positively with miR-543 expression (r = 0.655, p = 0.034). Total RKIP protein was comparable between groups, while pRKIP was significantly higher in T2DM adipocytes (p = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Posttranscriptional regulation in visceral adipocytes differs between T2DM and MHO. Increased miR-543 and elevated pRKIP in T2DM suggest a rapid shift in regulatory signaling consistent with enhanced lipolysis and a proinflammatory milieu. Further studies are warranted to delineate the pRKIP-associated pathways in adipose tissue remodeling in T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e3230015"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147645622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated With Severe Obesity Among U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Nirajan Budhathoki, Joseph N Inungu","doi":"10.1155/jobe/3831008","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/3831008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] of 40 kg/m² or higher) poses significant health risks. It reflects a multifaceted interplay of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors, contributing to rising rates of metabolic diseases and reduced quality of life. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and risk factors of severe obesity among adults in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a complex, multistage, cross-sectional survey, designed to collect health and nutritional data from a representative sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized U.S.</p><p><strong>Population: </strong>A total of 6729 respondents from the 2017 to March 2020 cycle of NHANES were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the characteristics of the sample. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to study risk factors for severe obesity. All analyses accounted for the complex survey design of the NHANES.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted prevalence of severe obesity among adults was 9.4%, with a higher rate found in females, 11.9%, compared to males, 6.2%. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that males had 39% lower odds of severe obesity compared to females (odds ratio [OR]: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32-1.14), though this was not statistically significant. Participants aged 31-40 years were more than twice as likely to have severe obesity compared to those aged 20-30 years (OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.07-6.96). Non-Hispanic Asians had significantly lower odds of severe obesity than Mexican Americans (OR: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.27). Arthritis nearly doubled the odds of severe obesity (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.17-3.22), and high blood pressure showed the strongest relationship, increasing odds more than fourfold (OR: 4.42, 95% CI: 3.30-5.91). Marital status, health insurance, and income level showed no significant associations with severe obesity. These findings highlight the complex interplay of factors influencing severe obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the study highlights a significant prevalence of severe obesity among adults in the United States, particularly among females, individuals aged 31-40 years, and those with specific comorbid conditions such as high blood pressure and arthritis. Non-Hispanic Asians exhibited notably lower odds of severe obesity compared to other racial/ethnic groups, underscoring potential protective factors. The findings emphasize the multifactorial nature of severe obesity, driven by demographic, behavioral, and health-related factors, and underline the importance of tailored interventions to address this public health challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e3831008"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Metabolic and Endocrine Parameters With Visceral Adiposity Index-Defined Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Young Adult Males.","authors":"Gabriela Yuri, Natalia Santillana, Liliana Soto, Ana Pereira, Camila Corvalán, Mariana Cifuentes","doi":"10.1155/jobe/5233463","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/5233463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight and obesity are defined by body mass index (BMI); however, this indicator does not address the wide variability that exists in metabolic health for a given BMI. This largely depends on adipose tissue functionality and location, with larger visceral depots elevating inflammation and cardiometabolic risk. The visceral adiposity index (VAI) provides a closer approach to adipose tissue functionality; however, there are limited studies addressing its ability to identify differences in metabolic health among young adults with excess weight. We evaluated whether low versus high VAI (L-VAI vs. H-VAI) groups differ in body composition, endocrine and metabolic indicators, and indices of metabolic risk and adipose tissue function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-two healthy adult males with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. Subjects were classified as L-VAI or H-VAI according to the VAI cutoff proposed for adipose tissue dysfunction (> 2.52). Weight, height, arterial blood pressure, body composition, and metabolic/endocrine parameters were compared in L-VAI versus H-VAI groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects in the H-VAI group (∼40%) showed greater truncal fat mass and lower adiponectin/leptin ratio (Ad/Lep), as well as greater indices of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR and triglyceride/glucose) and the metabolic syndrome severity score. Significant positive correlations were found between VAI and the cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome-related factors, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), uric acid, and HOMA-IR and an inverse association with adiponectin and Ad/Lep.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our observations indicate that VAI is a useful tool to assess cardiometabolic risk and adipose tissue functionality in young adult males with overweight and obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5233463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147574417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Dietary Supplement Use for Weight Loss Among U.S. Adults With Obesity: NHANES 2007-2020.","authors":"Ligang Liu, Heqing Tao, Hao Zhao, Jie Wang, Kunkun Wang, Guang Xiong, Milap C Nahata","doi":"10.1155/jobe/6761414","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/6761414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary supplements are commonly marketed for weight loss, yet contemporary national data remain limited on the prevalence of use, types of products used, and whether use is provider-recommended among U.S. adults with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2020. Participants included adults with obesity. They were asked about behaviors on dietary supplements for weight loss. We estimated survey-weighted prevalence overall and by survey cycle, assessed linear trends over time, and used survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression to examine associations with age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and poverty-income ratio. Among users, we described whether supplement use was recommended by healthcare providers and summarized supplement categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 27,116 adults with obesity, 1706 reported using dietary supplements for weight loss. The survey-weighted prevalence of weight-loss supplement use was 5.9% and varied across survey cycles (p for trend = 0.003). Compared with adults aged 20-39 years, odds of use were lower among those aged 40-59 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.80) and ≥ 60 years (aOR 0.15, 95% CI 0.11-0.22). Females had higher odds of use than males (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.13-1.87). Education was positively associated with use, whereas poverty-income ratio was not significantly associated. The use differed by race/ethnicity, with non-Hispanic White adults having lower odds of use compared with Hispanic adults. Among users, 81% reported use without medical advice, and it was more common among males and younger adults. The most frequently used supplements included multivitamin-minerals (28.8%), botanical products (20.0%), and single vitamins (15.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Approximately 6% of U.S. adults with obesity reported using dietary supplements for weight loss, most without clinician recommendation and with significant demographic differences. Routine clinical assessment of supplement use and counseling regarding limited efficacy and potential safety concerns are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6761414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13060020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147633701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Normal Level Endocrine Hormones and Hypothalamic Neuropeptides on Obesity in Women of Childbearing Age.","authors":"Yingying Tang, Xiukun Zhang, Lei Fan, Chengyuan Li, Yudong Guo, Fuman Du, Weimin Wang","doi":"10.1155/jobe/4561022","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/4561022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore the association of endocrine hormones and hypothalamic neuropeptides fluctuations within normal level with obesity in women of childbearing age.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Laboratory data of women in childbearing age with normal levels of endocrine hormones and hypothalamic neuropeptides in Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital between March 2022 and October 2022 were retrospectively collected. Included subjects were divided into obese group and normal weight group according to body mass index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>80 subjects were included in final analysis, including 37 in the obese group and 43 in the normal weight group. Within the normal range, the levels of cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, follicle-stimulating hormone, neuropeptide Y, and orexin were positively correlated with body mass index, while the levels of estradiol and oxytocin were negatively correlated with body mass index; the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, neuropeptide Y, and orexin were positively correlated with triglycerides, while proopiomelanocortin level was negatively correlated with triglycerides; neuropeptide Y level was positively correlated with total cholesterol, and cortisol level was negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Elevated levels of neuropeptide Y and orexin were independent risk factors for obesity (OR = 1.123, 95% CI = 1.023-1.232, p = 0.015; OR = 4.004, 95% CI = 1.174-13.656, p = 0.027), while increase in oxytocin level was an independent protective factor (OR = 0.833; 95% CI = 0.697-0.995; p = 0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among women of childbearing age, fluctuations in multiple endocrine hormones and hypothalamic neuropeptides within the normal range play a crucial role in regulating body weight and plasma lipids. Specifically, relatively higher levels of neuropeptide Y and orexin increase obesity risk, while elevated oxytocin levels reduce this risk. These identified biomarkers may offer candidates for subsequent mechanistic research and clinical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e4561022"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147443935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Obesity Coverage in Florida Counties Using Interactive Web-Based Mapping Tools to Support Targeted Policy and Intervention Efforts.","authors":"Justice Moses K Aheto, Ovie A Utuama, Getachew A Dagne","doi":"10.1155/jobe/8864889","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/8864889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Obesity is among the most common global public health issues in the 21^st century and contributes significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality burden. The success of well-targeted policies and intervention strategies aimed at addressing obesity depends heavily on understanding the effect of geographical location on obesity and other predictors. The study aim was to quantify county-level geographical differences in obesity across Florida counties while simultaneously identifying predictors of obesity prevalence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used the 2019 data from the Florida state-based telephone surveillance systems, known as the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) which provides county-level data on measures of the prevalence of personal health behaviors that are risk factors for morbidity and mortality. The survey collected data on a total sample of 54,260 adults residing in 67 counties of Florida. This study applied Bayesian geospatial models and interactive web-based mapping approaches to analyze and map county-level geographical differences in the risk of obesity. The estimated coefficients were presented as log mean with their associated 95% credible intervals (Cr.Is).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified sedentary lifestyle (log mean = 0.023, 95% Cr.I: 0.006, 0.039) as the only risk factor independently associated with increased burden of obesity. The results showed substantial county-level geographical differences in the predicted obesity prevalence with an overall obesity prevalence of 68.6% with a range of 59.0%-75.7%. Residing in Holmes was associated with the highest burden of obesity. Furthermore, the prevalence was relatively high in Levy, Columbia, Lafayette, Hendry, Bradford, Calhoun, Dixie, Okeechobee, and Gadsden counties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The substantial county-level geographical difference in obesity prevalence found is of great importance for sound public health policy and intervention strategies at the local level. The geospatial modeling supported by the web-based spatial mapping tool employed in this study can help guide the design of geographical prioritization of targeted public health policies and intervention strategies to combat adult obesity and its associated mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8864889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12767032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145910610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}