Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Metabolic and Endocrine Parameters With Visceral Adiposity Index-Defined Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Young Adult Males.","authors":"Gabriela Yuri, Natalia Santillana, Liliana Soto, Ana Pereira, Camila Corvalán, Mariana Cifuentes","doi":"10.1155/jobe/5233463","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/5233463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight and obesity are defined by body mass index (BMI); however, this indicator does not address the wide variability that exists in metabolic health for a given BMI. This largely depends on adipose tissue functionality and location, with larger visceral depots elevating inflammation and cardiometabolic risk. The visceral adiposity index (VAI) provides a closer approach to adipose tissue functionality; however, there are limited studies addressing its ability to identify differences in metabolic health among young adults with excess weight. We evaluated whether low versus high VAI (L-VAI vs. H-VAI) groups differ in body composition, endocrine and metabolic indicators, and indices of metabolic risk and adipose tissue function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-two healthy adult males with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. Subjects were classified as L-VAI or H-VAI according to the VAI cutoff proposed for adipose tissue dysfunction (> 2.52). Weight, height, arterial blood pressure, body composition, and metabolic/endocrine parameters were compared in L-VAI versus H-VAI groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects in the H-VAI group (∼40%) showed greater truncal fat mass and lower adiponectin/leptin ratio (Ad/Lep), as well as greater indices of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR and triglyceride/glucose) and the metabolic syndrome severity score. Significant positive correlations were found between VAI and the cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome-related factors, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), uric acid, and HOMA-IR and an inverse association with adiponectin and Ad/Lep.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our observations indicate that VAI is a useful tool to assess cardiometabolic risk and adipose tissue functionality in young adult males with overweight and obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5233463"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147574417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Obesity on the Association Between Salt Intake and Blood Pressure in Adult Men With Hypertension Who Participated in the Remote Lifestyle Intervention.","authors":"Takuji Adachi, Masashi Kanai, Takahiro Miki, Kotoe Shimizu, Michitaka Kato, Yuta Hagiwara","doi":"10.1155/jobe/1822308","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/1822308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Experimental studies have demonstrated that obesity increases salt sensitivity, defined as the blood pressure (BP) response to salt intake; however, its relevance within real-world lifestyle modification settings remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between daily salt intake and BP according to obesity status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational study analyzed data from adult men with hypertension who participated in a remote lifestyle modification program. Daily salt intake was estimated from urinary sodium excretion using a validated self-monitoring device and expressed as equivalent sodium chloride (NaCl) (g/day), and home systolic blood pressure (SBP) was recorded. A cross-sectional analysis compared SBP among the tertiles of salt intake at baseline. Longitudinal analysis was used to compare SBP reduction among the tertiles of salt intake reduction over 3 months. These analyses were adjusted for potential confounders and stratified by obesity, defined as body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m².</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1095 participants were included (median age, 57 years; obese, 67.2%). At baseline, higher daily salt intake was associated with higher SBP in the obesity group (lowest tertile, estimated mean; 130.7 mmHg [95% confidence interval 129.2 to 132.3]; middle tertile, 132.2 [130.7 to 133.8]; highest tertile, 133.2 [131.6 to 134.7]; p = 0.028), but not in the nonobese group (p = 0.174). After 3 months, a greater reduction in salt intake was associated with a greater SBP decrease in the obese group (lowest tertile, estimated mean -2.5 [-3.5 to -1.4] mmHg; middle tertile, -3.5 [-4.5 to -2.4] mmHg; highest tertile, -5.2 [-6.3 to -4.1] mmHg; p < 0.001) but not in the nonobese group (p = 0.335).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that, in real-world lifestyle modification settings, changes in salt intake are associated with changes in BP among adult men with obesity, highlighting the clinical relevance of salt sensitivity for tailored BP management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e1822308"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression Analysis of Selected microRNAs in Diabetes Mellitus Visceral Fat Tissues.","authors":"Rabeah Al-Temaimi, Rasheed Ahmad, Kusum Kapila, Fahd Al-Mulla","doi":"10.1155/jobe/3230015","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/3230015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>MicroRNA (miRNA) profiling of visceral adipose tissue in Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains limited. We compared the expression of obesity-associated miRNAs in visceral fat from individuals with T2DM versus metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and examined Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) as a candidate miR-543 target.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Visceral fat biopsies were obtained from adults with T2DM (n = 8) and MHO (n = 11). Thirteen miRNAs previously linked to obesity were quantified, and RKIP expression was evaluated at the mRNA level and by immunohistochemistry, including phosphorylated RKIP (pRKIP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 13 miRNAs analyzed, miR-23a-3p and miR-543 were upregulated in T2DM (p = 0.032 and p = 0.009, respectively), whereas miR-320a-3p was downregulated (p = 0.009). RKIP mRNA levels did not differ between groups; however, in MHO adipocytes, RKIP mRNA correlated positively with miR-543 expression (r = 0.655, p = 0.034). Total RKIP protein was comparable between groups, while pRKIP was significantly higher in T2DM adipocytes (p = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Posttranscriptional regulation in visceral adipocytes differs between T2DM and MHO. Increased miR-543 and elevated pRKIP in T2DM suggest a rapid shift in regulatory signaling consistent with enhanced lipolysis and a proinflammatory milieu. Further studies are warranted to delineate the pRKIP-associated pathways in adipose tissue remodeling in T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e3230015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147645622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated With Severe Obesity Among U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Nirajan Budhathoki, Joseph N Inungu","doi":"10.1155/jobe/3831008","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/3831008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] of 40 kg/m² or higher) poses significant health risks. It reflects a multifaceted interplay of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors, contributing to rising rates of metabolic diseases and reduced quality of life. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and risk factors of severe obesity among adults in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a complex, multistage, cross-sectional survey, designed to collect health and nutritional data from a representative sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized U.S.</p><p><strong>Population: </strong>A total of 6729 respondents from the 2017 to March 2020 cycle of NHANES were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the characteristics of the sample. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to study risk factors for severe obesity. All analyses accounted for the complex survey design of the NHANES.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted prevalence of severe obesity among adults was 9.4%, with a higher rate found in females, 11.9%, compared to males, 6.2%. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that males had 39% lower odds of severe obesity compared to females (odds ratio [OR]: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32-1.14), though this was not statistically significant. Participants aged 31-40 years were more than twice as likely to have severe obesity compared to those aged 20-30 years (OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.07-6.96). Non-Hispanic Asians had significantly lower odds of severe obesity than Mexican Americans (OR: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.27). Arthritis nearly doubled the odds of severe obesity (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.17-3.22), and high blood pressure showed the strongest relationship, increasing odds more than fourfold (OR: 4.42, 95% CI: 3.30-5.91). Marital status, health insurance, and income level showed no significant associations with severe obesity. These findings highlight the complex interplay of factors influencing severe obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the study highlights a significant prevalence of severe obesity among adults in the United States, particularly among females, individuals aged 31-40 years, and those with specific comorbid conditions such as high blood pressure and arthritis. Non-Hispanic Asians exhibited notably lower odds of severe obesity compared to other racial/ethnic groups, underscoring potential protective factors. The findings emphasize the multifactorial nature of severe obesity, driven by demographic, behavioral, and health-related factors, and underline the importance of tailored interventions to address this public health challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e3831008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Normal Level Endocrine Hormones and Hypothalamic Neuropeptides on Obesity in Women of Childbearing Age.","authors":"Yingying Tang, Xiukun Zhang, Lei Fan, Chengyuan Li, Yudong Guo, Fuman Du, Weimin Wang","doi":"10.1155/jobe/4561022","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/4561022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore the association of endocrine hormones and hypothalamic neuropeptides fluctuations within normal level with obesity in women of childbearing age.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Laboratory data of women in childbearing age with normal levels of endocrine hormones and hypothalamic neuropeptides in Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital between March 2022 and October 2022 were retrospectively collected. Included subjects were divided into obese group and normal weight group according to body mass index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>80 subjects were included in final analysis, including 37 in the obese group and 43 in the normal weight group. Within the normal range, the levels of cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, follicle-stimulating hormone, neuropeptide Y, and orexin were positively correlated with body mass index, while the levels of estradiol and oxytocin were negatively correlated with body mass index; the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, neuropeptide Y, and orexin were positively correlated with triglycerides, while proopiomelanocortin level was negatively correlated with triglycerides; neuropeptide Y level was positively correlated with total cholesterol, and cortisol level was negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Elevated levels of neuropeptide Y and orexin were independent risk factors for obesity (OR = 1.123, 95% CI = 1.023-1.232, p = 0.015; OR = 4.004, 95% CI = 1.174-13.656, p = 0.027), while increase in oxytocin level was an independent protective factor (OR = 0.833; 95% CI = 0.697-0.995; p = 0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among women of childbearing age, fluctuations in multiple endocrine hormones and hypothalamic neuropeptides within the normal range play a crucial role in regulating body weight and plasma lipids. Specifically, relatively higher levels of neuropeptide Y and orexin increase obesity risk, while elevated oxytocin levels reduce this risk. These identified biomarkers may offer candidates for subsequent mechanistic research and clinical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e4561022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147443935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Models of Weight Cycling: A Narrative Review of Protocol Design and Metabolic Outcomes.","authors":"Isabela Macedo Lopes Vasques-Monteiro, Carolline Santos Miranda, Daniela de Barros Mucci, Bianca de Oliveira Saguie, Rafael Loureiro Simões, Fabiane Ferreira Martins, Vanessa Souza-Mello, Julio Beltrame Daleprane","doi":"10.1155/jobe/2128461","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/2128461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Weight cycling (WC), characterized by repeated weight loss and regain, has been associated with adverse health effects, though evidence remains inconsistent. The aim of this review is evaluating WC protocols used in rodent studies, with a particular focus on how variations in experimental design and cycle periodization influence metabolic outcomes. All included studies were conducted in C57BL/6 mice, with protocols alternating between normocaloric and hypercaloric diets, in a variety of protocols, mainly in the periodization of cycles, diet composition, and sex of the animals. Despite evidence suggesting greater resistance to metabolic disorders associated with WC, studies in females are still scarce. Frequent cycling was associated with worsened metabolic outcomes, whereas prolonged weight-loss phases did not reverse obesity-induced alterations. Common findings included increased feed efficiency, loss of lean mass, persistent insulin resistance, and impaired glucose tolerance, alongside adipose tissue remodeling and low-grade inflammation. Divergent results appeared in relation to inflammation and lipid deposition in peripheral tissues. Collectively, the need for more standardized, sex-inclusive experimental designs will improve mechanistic insight and translational relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e2128461"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148689602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Does Weight Stigma Impact Healthcare Settings? Evidence From Chilean Patients Seeking Healthcare.","authors":"Fernanda Bastías-González, Daniela Gómez-Pérez","doi":"10.1155/jobe/9983925","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/9983925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Weight stigma in healthcare settings refers to the prejudiced devaluation of individuals with higher body weight, often manifested through causal attribution comments. This stigma reflects a complex interplay of psychological and behavioral processes that may contribute to outcomes such as medical avoidance.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether weight stigma in healthcare settings is directly associated with internalized weight stigma, uncontrolled eating, and medical avoidance, and whether these associations are mediated through a serial pathway culminating in healthcare avoidance.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 309 healthcare users in Chile (M_age = 37.72 years; SD = 15.68; 75% women), using self-report measures and structural equation modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All direct effects were significant, except for the path between weight stigma and uncontrolled eating. The serial mediation via internalized weight stigma and uncontrolled eating was supported (β_indirect = 0.041, p 0.046; 12.06% of the total effect), as was the simple mediation via internalized stigma alone (β_indirect = 0.071, p = 0.048; 20.88%). Mediation through uncontrolled eating alone was not significant (β_indirect = 0.013, p = 0.239). The total effect of weight stigma in healthcare settings on medical avoidance was significant (β_Total = 0.340, p < 0.001; 63.24%). The model demonstrated good fit indices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Weight stigma in healthcare settings negatively impacts psychological and behavioral health. Addressing weight stigma is essential to reducing avoidance behaviors and improving continuity of care. These findings highlight the importance of implementing public policy reforms and providing training for healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e9983925"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13547589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review of Outcome Measurement Instruments Assessing Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs About Adult Obesity.","authors":"Paul MacDonald, Derek Peters, Helen Frank, Rebecca Stack","doi":"10.1155/jobe/1363752","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/1363752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between knowledge, attitudes and beliefs (KAB) is complex and reciprocal. Although KAB are internal constructs, they collectively influence behaviour without necessarily determining it. In obesity management, understanding healthcare professionals' (HCPs') KAB about adult obesity is crucial. However, comprehensive and valid outcome measurement instruments (OMIs) are necessary to accurately reflect their perspectives.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review aimed to identify and evaluate published OMIs that assess HCPs' KAB about adult obesity, utilising the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the COSMIN methodology and the five-stage scoping review framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley, and refined by Levac and Colquhoun, reviewers searched six databases-Embase, Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Google Scholar-for studies published from 1 January 1991 to 1 May 2025. Inclusion criteria required studies to focus on HCPs' KAB, OMI development, psychometric evaluation or application in relation to adult obesity. Two reviewers screened the literature and assessed methodological quality using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist, and evidence quality was graded with a modified GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9213 records were identified, 45 articles were evaluated for full-text eligibility, and 4 articles were selected for final review. According to COSMIN criteria, the methodological quality of these studies was deemed inadequate. None demonstrated sufficient content validity, with common limitations including unrepresentative samples of HCPs' and poorly defined constructs. As per the COSMIN 'stop rule',\" no further psychometric evaluations were conducted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant gap in the availability of rigorously developed instruments for assessing HCPs' KAB about adult obesity. There is a clear need for more contemporary and reliable OMIs that adhere to quality standards, such as those outlined in the COSMIN framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e1363752"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13470226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148721497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Dietary Supplement Use for Weight Loss Among U.S. Adults With Obesity: NHANES 2007-2020.","authors":"Ligang Liu, Heqing Tao, Hao Zhao, Jie Wang, Kunkun Wang, Guang Xiong, Milap C Nahata","doi":"10.1155/jobe/6761414","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/6761414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary supplements are commonly marketed for weight loss, yet contemporary national data remain limited on the prevalence of use, types of products used, and whether use is provider-recommended among U.S. adults with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2020. Participants included adults with obesity. They were asked about behaviors on dietary supplements for weight loss. We estimated survey-weighted prevalence overall and by survey cycle, assessed linear trends over time, and used survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression to examine associations with age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and poverty-income ratio. Among users, we described whether supplement use was recommended by healthcare providers and summarized supplement categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 27,116 adults with obesity, 1706 reported using dietary supplements for weight loss. The survey-weighted prevalence of weight-loss supplement use was 5.9% and varied across survey cycles (p for trend = 0.003). Compared with adults aged 20-39 years, odds of use were lower among those aged 40-59 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.80) and ≥ 60 years (aOR 0.15, 95% CI 0.11-0.22). Females had higher odds of use than males (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.13-1.87). Education was positively associated with use, whereas poverty-income ratio was not significantly associated. The use differed by race/ethnicity, with non-Hispanic White adults having lower odds of use compared with Hispanic adults. Among users, 81% reported use without medical advice, and it was more common among males and younger adults. The most frequently used supplements included multivitamin-minerals (28.8%), botanical products (20.0%), and single vitamins (15.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Approximately 6% of U.S. adults with obesity reported using dietary supplements for weight loss, most without clinician recommendation and with significant demographic differences. Routine clinical assessment of supplement use and counseling regarding limited efficacy and potential safety concerns are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6761414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13060020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147633701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decomposition Analysis of High BMI-Attributable Stroke Burden in China: Population Aging as the Dominant Driver.","authors":"Xiaoxue Liu, Haoyun Zhou, Runtang Meng, Chuanhua Yu, Fang Wang, Yongchao Liu","doi":"10.1155/jobe/6789331","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jobe/6789331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High body-mass index (BMI) is the second largest contributor to stroke burden and the fastest-growing risk factor for stroke globally. Given China's rapidly aging population and the increasing obesity epidemic, understanding the long-term trends and drivers of stroke burden is critical.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>High BMI is a chief risk factor for stroke. We aim to evaluate the long-term trends and population risk on stroke mortality burden caused by high BMI in Chinese population between 1990 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The decomposition analysis and linear regression were utilized to determine the contribution of population aging and other risk factors to the changing trends in the mortality and disability-adjusted life year (DALYs) of stroke caused by high BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In China, the mortality rate of stroke caused by high BMI increased by 1.640/100,000 during the study period of 1990-2023. The increase was decomposed as 1.180/100,000 due to population aging and 0.460/100,000 due to other risk factors, with population aging contributing 72% and other risk factors contributing 28%. The DALYs rate increased by 52.228/100,000, of which 32.999/100,000 was due to population aging and 19.229/100,000 was due to other risk factors. Notably, population aging contributed 63% of the increase. These findings confirm that population aging was the dominant driver of the increased stroke burden attributable to high BMI, whether measured by mortality or DALY.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Population aging is the dominant driver of the increasing stroke burden attributable to high BMI in China. Effective burden reduction will require integrated prevention strategies targeting both the elderly population and modifiable metabolic risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6789331"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149080631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}