Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology最新文献

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Metformin in the treatment of clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing <i>in vitro</i> fertilisation treatment: A randomised controlled trial.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2715902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2715902","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2715902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory markers and the systemic immune-inflammation index in endometrial carcinoma and hyperplasia: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Funda Atalay, Cemal Reşat Atalay, Uğurcan Zorlu, Tufan Arslanca","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2705901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2705901","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Endometrial carcinoma (EC) presents commonly with abnormal uterine bleeding, and definitive diagnosis requires invasive endometrial biopsy. Haematological inflammatory markers-including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet distribution width (PDW), and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII)-have been proposed as adjuncts in the differential diagnosis of endometrial pathologies. We evaluated whether these markers can independently discriminate EC from endometrial hyperplasia with atypia/endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EHA/EIN), endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (EH), and normal endometrium, after adjustment for age and other confounders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data from 238 patients who underwent endometrial biopsy for abnormal uterine bleeding between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Patients were categorised as EC (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 74), EHA/EIN (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 28), EH without atypia (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 66), and controls with normal endometrium (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 70). Haematological parameters, NLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and SII were derived from preoperative complete blood count results. Univariable comparisons used the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc pairwise comparisons. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were fitted, adjusting sequentially for age, menopausal status, and (where available) diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed for markers showing significant univariable discrimination, and PDW was analysed in inverted form (1-PDW direction) to reflect its inverse association with malignancy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;NLR and SII were significantly elevated, and PDW was significantly reduced, in EC patients compared with controls (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). After adjustment for age and menopausal status, NLR (adjusted OR [aOR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.04-4.09; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.037), SII per 100 units (aOR 1.49, 95% CI 1.09-2.04; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.014) and PDW (aOR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.96; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) remained independently associated with EC versus controls. By contrast, after adjustment for age, NLR and SII no longer independently discriminated EC from EH (NLR aOR 1.27, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.245; SII aOR 1.14, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.165), suggesting that age accounts for a substantial proportion of the apparent univariable differences. In ROC analysis with PDW values inverted, AUCs were 0.79 (95% CI 0.72-0.87) for PDW, 0.68 (95% CI 0.59-0.76) for NLR, and 0.62 (95% CI 0.52-0.70) for SII against the control group. No marker-adjusted or unadjusted-significantly distinguished EC from EHA/EIN.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;NLR, SII, and (low) PDW are independently associated with EC compared with normal endometrium, even after age and menopausal status adjustment, but their performance is modest and they do not independently discriminate EC from premalignant endometrial lesions. Histopathological evaluation remai","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2705901"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"King's Mill anterior-posterior and transverse versus paracervical block in operative outpatient hysteroscopy: a randomised trial.","authors":"Raphael Laiyemo, Mohamed Saleh","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2723309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2723309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pain control during operative outpatient hysteroscopy remains a clinical challenge, with the paracervical block (PCB) showing inconsistent efficacy. The King's Mill Anterior-Posterior and Transverse (KAPT) block targets the Lee-Frankenhauser plexus within the uterosacral ligament complex, where the highest density of uterine and cervical sensory fibres lies. We compared the KAPT block with the PCB in operative outpatient hysteroscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-centre, participant- and outcome assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial in a UK district general hospital. Forty-eight women undergoing operative outpatient hysteroscopy were randomised 1:1 to the KAPT block or the PCB, each delivered with 10 ml of prilocaine. Pain was measured on a 10-point Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) during the procedure and 10 minutes post-procedure (co-primary endpoints), and during cervical dilatation (exploratory). Analyses used the Mann-Whitney U test on an intention-to-treat basis, with Hodges-Lehmann median differences, percentile bootstrap 95% confidence intervals, and a hierarchical fixed-sequence testing strategy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median intra-procedural VAS was 1 (IQR 0 to 3) with the KAPT block versus 2 (IQR 1 to 6) with the PCB (Hodges-Lehmann median difference -1.00, 95% CI -3.00 to 0.00; p = 0.040). At 10 minutes post-procedure, median VAS was 0 (IQR 0 to 1.25) versus 2 (IQR 0 to 3.25) (median difference -1.00, 95% CI -2.00 to 0.00; p = 0.011). Both co-primary endpoints reached significance under hierarchical testing. Cervical dilatation pain did not differ significantly (p = 0.146). Satisfaction was 100% in both arms; willingness to recommend was 100% (KAPT) versus 95.8% (PCB). No serious adverse events occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The KAPT block was associated with lower intra-procedural and post-procedural pain than the PCB, with effect sizes consistent with a clinically meaningful difference. These findings support the KAPT block as a superior, anatomically targeted alternative to the PCB and justify evaluation in a larger multicentre trial.<b>Trial registration</b>: ISRCTN15619382.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2723309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte with HPV infection in adult women: a cross-sectional analysis.","authors":"Mei Wei, Ruirui Yu, Zheng'ai Xiong, Yuanyuan Hua","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2725024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2725024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection represents a major public health concern worldwide. Inflammatory indicators have been associated with various disease conditions. However, the associations of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), platelet (PLT), and lymphocyte (LYM) with HPV infection remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between PLR, PLT, LYM, and HPV infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2016. PLR was calculated as PLT/LYM. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the associations between PLR and HPV infection. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was applied to assess the association between LYM and HPV infection, and subgroup analyses with interaction tests were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5,415 adult females included in this study, 2,301 had HPV infection, and 3,114 did not. When PLR was analysed as a continuous variable, multivariable logistic regression showed a significant inverse association with HPV infection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.99). After categorising PLR into quartiles, participants in the highest PLR quartile (Q4: 143.70-477.14) showed lower odds of HPV infection compared with those in the lowest quartile (Q1: 12.86-92.60). The AUC values were 0.53, 0.64, and 0.72 for models I, II, and III, respectively. No significant association was observed between PLT and HPV infection. In contrast, LYM showed a significant positive association with HPV infection, with RCS analysis indicating a linear relationship. Interaction analysis suggested that this association varied according to PIR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher PLR was associated with lower odds of HPV infection, whereas higher LYM levels were associated with higher odds of HPV infection. These findings provide additional evidence regarding the associations between inflammatory indicators and HPV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2725024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of Meridian sinew tuina (MST) for post-surgical upper limb lymphedema: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Wenxia Zhao, Jin Yang, Yufei Hou, Min Li","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2723314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2723314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT) is the non-operative standard for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), but many patients experience persistent subcutaneous stiffness, pain, and restricted mobility. This study systematically reviews the safety and clinical efficacy of Meridian Sinew Tuina (MST) protocols for BCRL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Global and regional databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP) were searched from inception to January 15, 2026, with alerts monitored through April 30, 2026. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating MST (deep tissue mobilisation along the six-hand meridian sinew [<i>Jingjin</i>] lines via plucking, kneading, and pressing) were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data, evaluated risk of bias using Cochrane RoB 2, and assessed evidence certainty via GRADE using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen RCTs were included. For the primary anthropometric outcome, MST significantly reduced upper limb circumference compared to controls (SMD = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.44 to 1.74; Z = 20.81; p < 0.0001; <i>I</i>²=0.0%; N = 924; GRADE: <i>Moderate certainty</i>). The Clinical Response Efficacy Rate (≥ 30% swelling reduction and symptom relief) favoured MST (RR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.54 to 1.87; Z = 10.62; p < 0.0001; <i>I</i>²=0.0%; N = 1,114; GRADE: <i>Moderate certainty</i>). Trial Sequential Analysis confirmed sample size sufficiency. For secondary outcomes (N = 924; GRADE: <i>Low to Very Low certainty</i> due to performance bias and clinical heterogeneity), MST showed favourable 3-month improvements in DASH functional scores (SMD = -1.81; 95% CI: -2.11 to -1.51; <i>I</i>²=45.1%), pain intensity (SMD = -2.44; 95% CI: -2.93 to -1.95; <i>I</i>²=50.4%), and quality of life (SMD = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.29; <i>I</i>²=0.0%). No serious adverse events occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MST protocols are associated with favourable short- and mid-term reductions in upper limb swelling. However, confidence is tempered by unblinded performance bias and control group variations. MST cannot be unconditionally recommended for standalone implementation but represents a promising, optional supportive adjunctive intervention within oncological rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2723314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The utilisation of Artificial Intelligence in writing medical manuscripts - best practices and pitfalls.","authors":"Lobna A A Ewies, Ayman A A Ewies","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2620161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2620161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2620161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147343611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with childbirth readiness among pregnant women: a Bayesian network analysis.","authors":"Ningying Zhou, Feng Zhang, Min Liu, Shanshan Hu, Yuqing Zan, Danni Wu, Fei Sun","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2626380","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2626380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inadequate childbirth readiness can adversely affect the birthing experience of pregnant women and may even influence their willingness to have further children. This study aimed to explore the determinants of childbirth readiness and the network relationships among these factors, thereby providing evidence to improve childbirth readiness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study surveyed 350 pregnant women attending Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was first performed using the four domains of the Childbirth Readiness Scale to identify subgroups of childbirth readiness, and potential associated factors were then screened using univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression. A Bayesian network model was employed to construct the structural relationships of factors influencing childbirth readiness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Childbirth readiness was categorised into three levels: poor (26%), good (30.9%), and complete (43.1%). Univariate analysis revealed significant differences across the three categories in relation to age, parity, pregnancy complications, antenatal exercise, planned pregnancy, self-efficacy, eHealth literacy, fear of childbirth, and family support (<i>p</i> < 0.2). Multinomial logistic regression indicated that parity, self-efficacy, and eHealth literacy were important predictors of childbirth readiness. The Bayesian model identified self-efficacy, fear of childbirth, eHealth literacy, and parity as the nodes most closely associated with childbirth readiness, while planned pregnancy, antenatal exercise, family support, and age were linked indirectly through other nodes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Previous studies on childbirth readiness have mainly relied on regression models, which are unable to elucidate the intrinsic interconnections among influencing factors. By constructing a Bayesian model, this study demonstrated that women with high self-efficacy, no fear of childbirth, high eHealth literacy, and multiparity had the highest probability of achieving complete childbirth readiness (83.3%).</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2626380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midwifery-led continuity-of-care education affects health literacy, empowerment and childbirth fear: a quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Süleyman Cemil Oğlak, Özlem Koç, Tuğçe Sönmez","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2025.2609335","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01443615.2025.2609335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>According to the World Health Organisation, antenatal care should ensure continuity, respect and evidence-based education. Fear of childbirth (FOC), affecting 20-40% of women globally, contributes to prolonged labour, higher caesarean rates and negative birth experiences. In Türkiye, where midwifery-led support remains limited, this study examined how pregnant women's health literacy influences empowerment and FOC within antenatal care and evaluated the effectiveness of the midwifery-led continuity-of-care (MLCC) model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental study with a comparative group design was conducted online between April 2024 and April 2025 using digital maternal communities and antenatal platforms in Türkiye. The intervention consisted of four structured online sessions based on the MLCC model, focusing on pregnancy adaptation, labour preparation, birth preferences and postpartum care. A total of 81 pregnant women participated, with 40 in the intervention group receiving MLCC-based antenatal education and 41 in the control group receiving standard care. Participants self-selected into groups, and data were collected online using validated scales: MHELIP, PRES and W-DEQ (Version A). All analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0 software. Independent samples <i>t</i>-tests and Pearson's correlations were used for analysis, and multiple regression was performed to identify predictors of empowerment and FOC. All statistical values were verified and reported as mean ± SD with exact <i>p</i> values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pregnant women in the intervention group had significantly higher health literacy and empowerment scores and significantly lower FOC scores than those in the control group (<i>p</i> <.05). Health literacy was positively correlated with empowerment (<i>r</i> = .748) and negatively correlated with FOC (<i>r</i> = -.710).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The intervention reduced fear and increased empowerment, likely through improved knowledge, self-efficacy and perceived control during pregnancy. The MLCC model enhanced health literacy and empowerment while reducing FOC. Structured education models integrated into antenatal care can support women's autonomy and psychological preparedness for birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2609335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145952391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond an incidental finding: Reframing persistent left superior vena cava as a marker of comprehensive foetal cardiovascular assessment.","authors":"Nathalie Jeanne Bravo-Valenzuela, Edward Araujo Júnior","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2694201","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2694201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2694201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Kai Yang, Tingting Zhang, Weiye Yin, Meiling Jin","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2025.2599978","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01443615.2025.2599978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative voiding dysfunction is common after nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH); therefore, we examined whether adjunct transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) could improve bladder management, pelvic floor muscle strength, and quality of life (QoL) in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 78 NSRH patients from May 2023 to May 2024 were divided into conventional catheter management (control group, <i>n</i> = 39) and conventional management + TENS (intervention group, <i>n</i> = 39). Outcomes including urinary retention incidence, postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), catheter indwelling duration, intervention compliance, pelvic floor muscle strength grading, voiding function parameters, QoL scores, and safety were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention group demonstrated significantly lower urinary retention incidence, reduced PVR, and shorter catheter duration versus controls (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Both groups maintained > 90% intervention compliance (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Post-intervention voiding parameters (FD, BC, MCC) improved more significantly in the intervention group (all <i>P</i> < 0.05), with superior pelvic floor muscle strength grading (<i>P</i> < 0.001). QoL assessment revealed lower functional domain scores and higher symptom/global health scores in the intervention group (all <i>P</i> < 0.001). Safety analysis showed only mild dermal reactions in the intervention group, without significant between-group difference in complication rates (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TENS would significantly improves bladder function, pelvic floor muscle strength, and QoL in post-NSRH patients with a favourable safety profile, demonstrating substantial clinical value.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2599978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146086136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}