Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology最新文献

{"title":"Retraction Statement: Prevalence and risk factors of iron-deficiency anaemia among pregnant women in rural districts of Menoufia governorate, Egypt.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2675800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2675800","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2675800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148005573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of breast cancer risk assessment and hereditary cancer genetic testing in community obstetrics and gynaecology practice following a prospective quality Improvement initiative.","authors":"Richard Waldman, Mark DeFrancesco, John Feltz, Daniel Welling, Wade Neiman, Edith Smith, Logan Schneider, Lauren Lenz, Katherine Johansen Taber, Royce Adkins","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2665633","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2665633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical guidelines recommend hereditary cancer risk assessment (HCRA) to identify candidates for genetic counselling and testing based on personal and family history. Incorporating genetic testing into HCRA improves risk stratification and management. We previously showed that process improvements increase genetic testing completion rates. This study describes outcomes of routine genetic testing in a community obstetrics and gynaecology (OB/GYN) setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, single-arm quality improvement initiative was conducted at five U.S. OB/GYN practices (July 2021-November 2022). A guideline-based online screening tool and virtual patient education were implemented. Genetic testing used a 48-gene hereditary pan-cancer panel (MyRisk^®). The remaining lifetime breast cancer risk was estimated using Tyrer-Cuzick 7.0.2 alone or a combined risk score (CRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,285 patients meeting guideline criteria, 439 (34.2%) completed testing. Among 367 (88.0%) without a clinically significant mutation and with valid risk estimates, 233 (63.5%) had lifetime breast cancer risk <20% and 66 (18.0%) had risk ≥20% by both Tyrer-Cuzick and CRS. Discordance between Tyrer-Cuzick and CRS occurred in 68 (18.5%) patients: 49 (13.4%) were <20% by CRS but ≥20% by Tyrer-Cuzick; 19 (5.2%) were ≥20% by CRS but <20% by Tyrer-Cuzick. Overall, 134 (36.5%) had lifetime risk ≥20% by either model. Fifteen pathogenic variants were identified in 14 (3.2%) patients, including CHEK2 (n = 4), HOXB13, MITF, PALB2 (n = 2 each), and BRCA2, PMS2, MSH6, RAD51C, BRIP1 (n = 1 each).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most patients undergoing genetic testing did not carry an inherited mutation; however, over one-third of those without a mutation had lifetime breast cancer risk ≥20% based on Tyrer-Cuzick and/or CRS. These findings underscore the importance of routine HCRA and individualised management based on comprehensive risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2665633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147930649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Belief Model-based education on preventive behaviors of gestational urinary tract infections: a Quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Mohammad Hasan Keshavarzi, Sima Abbasi, Tayebeh Rakhshani, Samira Taravatmanesh, Andishe Hamedi, Ali Khani Jeihooni","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2708142","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2708142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) during pregnancy can cause serious maternal and foetal complications if not properly managed. However, many pregnant women have limited knowledge and inadequate preventive behaviours. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a Health Belief Model-based educational intervention on UTI preventive behaviours among pregnant women in Khormoj, Bushehr province, Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2024-2025 among 93 pregnant women with confirmed UTI in Khormoj, Iran. Participants were selected through cluster sampling and assigned to intervention (<i>n</i> = 45) and control (<i>n</i> = 48) groups. Data were collected using demographic characteristics, a 30-item knowledge questionnaire, a validated HBM-based questionnaire, and a 26-item preventive behaviour scale. The intervention group received five 30-minute HBM-based educational sessions, and outcomes were assessed before and three months after the intervention. Data were analysed using SPSS-27 with <i>t</i>-tests, chi-square, and Fisher's exact test (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the intervention, significant improvements were observed in all Health Belief Model constructs-including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self‑efficacy-in the intervention group compared with the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Preventive behaviours related to urinary tract infections also significantly increased among pregnant women in the intervention group compared with the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HBM‑based educational intervention effectively improved preventive behaviours related to urinary tract infections among pregnant women. Considering that barriers to UTI prevention may originate from individual factors and limited facilities, further large‑scale studies are recommended to explore women's beliefs and barriers regarding UTIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2708142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrence after hysteroscopic myomectomy for FIGO type II submucosal myomas: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Suping Chen, Rui Li, Yu Jiang","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2702554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2702554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to investigate the influencing factors for recurrence of International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) type II submucosal myoma with a diameter of 4-5 cm following hysteroscopic myomectomy, and to establish an individualised prediction model for the risk of postoperative 3-year recurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-centre retrospective cohort study, patients undergoing hysteroscopic myomectomy between January 2017 and June 2025 were included. Recurrence-free survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Candidate variables were initially screened using LASSO-Cox regression with 10-fold cross-validation for λ selection, followed by multivariable Cox regression. Multicollinearity among candidate predictors was assessed using variance inflation factors. A nomogram was constructed to predict 3-year recurrence risk. Model performance was evaluated by bootstrap validation, including discrimination (C-index), calibration (calibration curve and Brier score), and clinical utility (decision curve analysis).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 120 patients were included, and 30 recurrences occurred, mainly within 24 months after surgery. Multivariate Cox analysis identified larger myoma diameter, multiple myomas, staged operation, and longer operation time as independent risk factors, whereas older age and postoperative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa)/dienogest therapy were protective factors (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The nomogram showed favourable discrimination, calibration, and clinical net benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Recurrence after hysteroscopic myomectomy was associated with tumour characteristics, surgical complexity, and postoperative hormonal therapy. The nomogram showed favourable performance, with a bootstrap-corrected C-index of 0.811, a 3-year Brier score of 0.099, and clinical net benefit across threshold probabilities of approximately 0.05-0.45. This exploratory model may support individualised 3-year recurrence risk stratification and guide follow-up and adjuvant treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2702554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fixation techniques for the Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine system in adenomyosis: a narrative review.","authors":"Zhendong Pan, Tenglan Wu, Xiaoyan Liao, Jianmei Liao, Xiaoqin Gan","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2709034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2709034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adenomyosis causes severe dysmenorrhoea and menorrhagia. While the Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System (LNG-IUS) is a highly effective conservative treatment, its success is frequently compromised by high expulsion rates (15%-37.5%) caused by uterine enlargement and cavity distortion. This review evaluates the principles, clinical efficacy, and safety of emerging intrauterine fixation techniques designed to prevent LNG-IUS downward displacement and expulsion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles published between January 2000 and February 2026. The review synthesised data from observational studies, retrospective cohorts, and controlled trials focusing on the surgical modification and stabilisation of the LNG-IUS in patients with adenomyosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Current intrauterine fixation strategies are broadly classified into hysteroscopic suture fixation (utilising non-absorbable sutures to anchor the device to the myometrium) and non-suture fixation (encompassing combined frameless IUD fixation, device-modified anchoring, and direct tail-embedding). Current literature indicates that these techniques significantly reduced expulsion rates, generally to below 7%, compared to conventional placement failure rates that can exceed 30%. This mechanical stabilisation maintains the device's pharmacological efficacy, yielding sustained improvements in dysmenorrhoea and reducing menstrual blood loss. Nonetheless, these procedures introduce new clinical and safety challenges. Key concerns include off-label regulatory issues regarding manual device modification, altered sonographic imaging profiles, increased removal complexity requiring secondary hysteroscopic intervention, and theoretical long-term risks associated with myometrial micro-scars.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intrauterine fixation significantly mitigates LNG-IUS expulsion in adenomyosis. While highly effective, the manual and invasive nature of these techniques necessitates careful patient selection and rigorous safety monitoring. Future research must prioritise large-scale randomised controlled trials. Ultimately, clinical practice should transition from manual surgical modifications towards the standardised industrial development of next-generation LNG-IUS devices equipped with inherent anti-expulsion features.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2709034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Category II and III foetal heart rate patterns during epidural analgesia: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Bing Li, Qiqi Wang, Yuemei Xie, Liurong Chen, Junxiang Jia, Xingrong Song","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2721398","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2721398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to identify predictors and develop a multivariable prediction model for Category II and III foetal heart rate (FHR) patterns in parturients undergoing labour epidural analgesia (LEA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of 237 parturients receiving LEA was conducted. To address the multicollinearity of 18 intrapartum variables, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and cross-validation were used for feature selection. A predictive nomogram was constructed and internally validated. Model performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration plots, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Abnormal FHR patterns (Category II and III) occurred in 168 (70.9%) parturients. The LASSO algorithm identified 11 predictors. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that maternal intrapartum temperature (OR = 3.518), initial LEA bolus count (OR = 3.625), body mass index (BMI), and oxytocin dosage were independent predictors associated with abnormal FHR patterns. The constructed nomogram demonstrated good discrimination (AUC = 0.800) and good calibration. DCA demonstrated potential clinical net benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities (0.02-0.99).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed and internally validated an 11-variable nomogram (AUC = 0.800) to predict abnormal FHR patterns during LEA. By integrating routinely available clinical variables, the nomogram facilitate early risk stratification and support individualised intrapartum management.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical trial registration: (https://www.chictr.org.cn ChiCTR2300073493; registered 12th July 2023).</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2721398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Laparoscopic evidence of upper genital schistosomiasis.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2742027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2742027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2742027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal outcomes of foetal situs abnormalities: a single tertiary centre experience.","authors":"Kübra Kurt Bilirer, Hale Özer Çaltek, Barış Boza, Selvi Aydın Şenel, Hamdullah Pekkolay, Mehmet Gümüştaş","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2741573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2741573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Foetal situs abnormalities, including situs inversus totalis (SIT), right atrial isomerism (RAI) and left atrial isomerism (LAI), are associated with substantial variation in cardiac anatomy and postnatal outcomes. This study aimed to compare prenatal characteristics, associated abnormalities, perinatal outcomes, postnatal management and survival among foetuses with SIT, RAI and LAI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 73 foetuses prenatally diagnosed with SIT (<i>n</i> = 12), RAI (<i>n</i> = 24) or LAI (<i>n</i> = 37) at a tertiary foetal cardiology and perinatology centre between 2021 and 2025. Prenatal cardiac and extracardiac findings, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, postnatal surgical management pathways, and survival were evaluated. Survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier's analysis, and factors associated with 1-year mortality were examined using Cox proportional hazards regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cardiac phenotypes differed significantly among groups. Interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) occurred predominantly in LAI, whereas aortic-IVC juxtaposition, double-outlet right ventricle, anomalous pulmonary venous return and unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect were more frequent in RAI. Arrhythmias occurred exclusively in LAI. Postnatal surgical management pathways differed significantly among groups (<i>p</i> = 0.001), with univentricular pathway most frequent in RAI. Survival distributions did not differ significantly among SIT, RAI and LAI (log-rank <i>p</i> = 0.193). Exploratory multivariable analysis showed an association between right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) and increased 1-year mortality (HR 4.79, 95% CI 1.51-15.10; <i>p</i> = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prenatally diagnosed SIT, RAI and LAI demonstrate distinct cardiac phenotypes and postnatal management requirements. Prognosis appears to depend not only on the laterality phenotype but also on specific cardiac morphology, with RVOTO emerging as an important prognostic marker. Detailed segmental foetal echocardiography may improve prenatal risk stratification, counselling and postnatal management planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2741573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge‑Attitude‑Practice breastfeeding-based model is associated with better outcomes: a retrospective comparative study.","authors":"Caifang Zhang, Xiaojing Ren, Xiaoying Ma","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2026.2730247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2026.2730247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sustaining exclusive breastfeeding remains challenging, and integrated antenatal education targeting knowledge, attitudes, and practical skills may improve outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a single-centre retrospective study. Women receiving conventional education (January-August 2024) were compared with women receiving a multicomponent knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP)-based breastfeeding education programme after its formal implementation (September 2024-June 2025). After 1:1 matching by maternal age, parity, and gestational age at enrolment, 640 women were included. Primary outcomes were KAP total score at 37-39 weeks of gestation and exclusive breastfeeding status at six months postpartum based on a structured 24-hour dietary recall; secondary outcomes included Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) score, early initiation, interim breastfeeding status, and lactation complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The matched cohort included 320 women per group. The multicomponent KAP-based programme group showed higher KAP scores (80.8 ± 5.6 vs 63.4 ± 6.9; <i>p</i> < .001), BSES-SF scores (58.2 ± 4.8 vs 48.6 ± 5.4; <i>p</i> < .001), and a higher prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months based on 24-hour recall (55.9% vs 31.6%; <i>p</i> < .001). Early initiation was increased, while nipple pain, engorgement, and mastitis were reduced (all <i>p</i> < .01). Exposure to the multicomponent KAP-based programme was independently associated with exclusive breastfeeding status at six months based on 24-hour recall (aOR 2.84, 95% CI 1.98-4.07; <i>p</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participation in a multicomponent KAP-based breastfeeding education programme was associated with better breastfeeding outcomes and fewer lactation complications. Multicentre studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2730247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Group B Streptococcus</i> and pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective study of 20,040 cases.","authors":"Jianxi Nie, Yan Liu, Peixia Cai, Yuan Chen, Chunyu Zhang","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2025.2602057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2025.2602057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the association between maternal <i>Group B Streptococcus</i> (GBS) colonisation in late pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes, with a focus on GBS colonisation risk factors and the role of colonisation density in influencing maternal and neonatal health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analysed clinical data from 20,040 pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation between January 2020 and January 2023. GBS colonisation was assessed using rectovaginal swabs, followed by culture, PCR quantification, and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Demographic and clinical characteristics, maternal outcomes, and neonatal outcomes were compared between GBS-positive and GBS-negative groups. Further stratified analysis was conducted on the impact of high GBS colonisation on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for GBS colonisation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GBS colonisation was detected in 505 of 20,040 women (2.52%). Among the 236 isolates tested, all were sensitive to penicillin. Significant risk factors for GBS colonisation included maternal age ≥35 years, gestational diabetes mellitus, and coexisting vaginitis (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The incidence of puerperal infection, PROM, postpartum haemorrhage, premature birth, and neonatal pneumonia were significantly higher in the GBS-positive group than in the GBS-negative group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Stratification by colonisation density revealed that women with high GBS colonisation had elevated rates of puerperal infection (23.01% vs. 14.29%), PROM (34.51% vs. 19.13%), and postpartum haemorrhage (18.58% vs. 8.93%) compared to those with lower GBS colonisation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Neonatal outcomes also varied by colonisation density: neonatal infection (14.16% vs. 6.89%) and premature birth (16.81% vs. 9.69%) were significantly more common in the high-colonisation group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Maternal GBS colonisation, especially with high density, increases adverse outcomes. Risk factors include age ≥35, vaginitis, and diabetes. Routine screening and targeted prophylaxis are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"46 1","pages":"2602057"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145846739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}