Journal of Orthodontic Science最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of muscle response in patients treated with rigid and flexible fixed functional appliances.","authors":"Ruchi Saini, Puneet Batra, Nidhi Saini, Komal Punia, Tanjula Shair, Monis Raza","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_208_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_208_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The present study was undertaken to evaluate and compare muscle activity after the treatment with rigid and flexible fixed functional appliance.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>The study was conducted on 14 skeletal Class II malocclusion patients in the age group of 13-17 years, divided into two groups comprising 7 patients in each group. Group I was treated with a rigid fixed functional appliance (MPA IV), and Group II was treated with a flexible fixed functional appliance (Churro Jumper). Masseter and anterior temporalis muscle activities were recorded using needle electromyography (EMG) at postural rest, saliva swallowing, and clenching during five intervals (T₀ to T₄) during fixed functional appliance treatment. Unpaired <i>t</i>-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Wilcoxon sign rank test were applied for statistical analysis, and a <i>P</i> value of <.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group I (MPA IV) showed a significant increase in EMG activity during postural rest position (<i>P</i> = 0.003, <i>P</i> = 0.001), swallowing (<i>P</i> = 0.013, <i>P</i> = 0.005), and clenching (<i>P</i> = 0.001, <i>P</i> = 0.002) in masseter and anterior temporalis muscle, respectively. Group II (Churro jumper) also showed a significant increase in EMG activity during postural rest position (<i>P</i> = 0.000, <i>P</i> = 0.000), swallowing (<i>P</i> = 0.001, <i>P</i> = 0.000), and clenching (<i>P</i> = 0.001, <i>P</i> = 0.000) in masseter and anterior temporalis muscle, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both rigid (MPA IV) and flexible (Churro Jumper) fixed functional appliances caused a significant increase in EMG activity of masseter and anterior temporalis muscle during postural rest position, swallowing, and clenching in 6 months of the observation period, but the flexible appliance (Churro Jumper) showed more significant increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of different clinical recycling methods on load deflection properties of super-elastic and thermal nickel-titanium orthodontic arch wires: A comparative assessment.","authors":"Priti Shukla, Sudhir Kapoor, Raj Kumar Jaiswal, Vipul Kumar Sharma, Dipti Shashtri, Jitendra Bhagchandani","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_200_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_200_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Repeated clinical use of arch wires requires sterilization and may result in alteration of the properties of the wires as they get subjected to corrosion and cold working. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effects of different clinical recycling methods on the load-deflection properties of super-elastic and thermal nickel-titanium orthodontic arch wires.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 50 0.014\" round nickel-titanium orthodontic wires [Group I: super-elastic nickel-titanium (n = 25) and Group II: thermal nickel-titanium wires (n = 25)] were tested for changes in their load deflection properties after three different recycling methods, that is, dry heat sterilization, autoclave, and cold sterilization. For each group, five wires as received from the manufacturer were taken as control (T0), and the rest of the 20 wires were placed intra-orally for a duration of one cycle of clinical use (T1). Five wires out of these were subjected to 3-point bending tests, and the rest of the wires were subjected to different recycling methods. Load deflection properties of recycled wires were measured with an Instron universal testing machine. The results were tabulated, and the data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the Tukey <i>post hoc</i> test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically, no significant difference was found in the super-elastic group between samples recycled by dry heat, autoclave, and cold sterilization when compared with as-received super-elastic NiTi up to 2.5 mm of deflection. A highly significant difference was found between as-received thermal NiTi group (83.51 ± 6.49 N/mm) and samples recycled by dry heat (53.73 ± 4.72 N/mm), autoclave (45.38 ± 4.37 N/mm), and cold sterilization (48.44 ± 3.12 N/mm) at 0.5 mm of deflection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among thermal NiTi, any of the sterilization methods could opt at all deflections. For super-elastic NiTi, at higher deflections or in cases of crowding of more than 2.5 mm, cold sterilization should be the method of choice, whereas any sterilization method can be used at deflections less than 2.5 mm.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of effects of different sizes and shapes of attachments during rotation, tipping, and torquing in clear aligner therapy - A finite element study.","authors":"Krutadnya Pede, Pravin Shetty, Alok Ranjan, Waseem Khan, Harshal Patil, Harsh Mishra","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_199_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_199_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of different shapes and sizes of attachments used for rotation, tipping, and torquing tooth movement in clear aligner therapy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology, 15 replicas of the upper right human canines were produced. Finite element analysis (FEA) was utilized to mimic tooth movement by applying a constant force of 2.942 N to these models, which contained various forms and sizes of composite attachments. Analysis was done on the stress on different dental structures and the displacement of the attachments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The outcomes demonstrated that tooth movement during clear aligner treatment was considerably impacted by attachment size and shape. Rectangular beveled attachments with dimensions of 3.5 mm × 1.2 mm × 3.5 mm showed the greatest rotating mobility. Triangular beveled attachments with dimensions of 5 mm by 0.8 mm by 2 mm produced the most displacement during tipping motion. For torquing motions, rectangular power ridge attachments with dimensions of 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm × 5 mm worked well.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The size and geometry of composite attachments were shown to be extremely important in regulating tooth movement during clear aligner treatment, according to this FEA research. Greater displacement is produced when smaller attachments with less surface area dissipate more force. When using clear aligner therapy, orthodontists may optimize treatment plans, shorten treatment times, and provide more predictable results by having a better understanding of the biomechanics of various attachment designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of different types of mouthwashes on force decay of elastomeric chain recommended in SARS-COV-2 pandemic.","authors":"Sarmad S Salih Al Qassar, Afnan Jamaluddin Ismael, Zaid Br Dewachi","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_18_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_18_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the force decay of the power-chain elastics after exposure to anti-coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) antiseptic mouthwashes at different intervals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 300 power-chain pieces were used from American Orthodontics (AO) and Dentaurum (D) brands. Each piece composed of five loops that were selected to simulate canine retraction distally. The samples were randomly grouped according to immersion in the tested mouthwashes 0.2% povidone-iodine (PVP-I), 1% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). The maximum tensile load failure testing (MTLT) was assessed at six time points (zero, one hour, 24 hours, 1, 2 and 4 weeks). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's <i>post hoc</i> tests were used to analyse the data, where <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in MTLT of power-chain elastics used at different immersion intervals were observed. MTLT, in each tested group, decreased significantly as the immersion time increased with significant differences among the tested mouthwashes at each time point. H₂O₂ group displays a maximum force decay throughout the time intervals for both brands, in contrast to CPC group, which shows less degradation over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both brands are decade over time during exposure to the tested mouthwashes. CPC mouthwashes is a good option to be described for orthodontic patient during COVID-19 pandemic, whereas H₂O₂ mouthwashes should be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of YouTube videos on the management of orthodontic emergencies during COVID-19 pandemic: A quantitative and qualitative analysis.","authors":"Zaki Hakami, Satish Vishwanathaiah, Hussain Y A Marghalani, Ahmed M Bokhari, Mohammad Raji Alrwuili, Abdulaziz Abdullah S Barashid, Mohammad Sawadi, Prabhadevi C Maganur","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_32_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_32_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the content of YouTube videos on the management of orthodontic emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>YouTube was systematically searched using the keywords \"orthodontic emergency,\" \"orthodontic homecare,\" \"braces emergency,\" and \"braces homecare.\" The first 100 videos for each keyword were assessed. The upload source, number of views, likes and dislikes, duration, and global quality score were extracted. Home and clinical advice reliability was evaluated using the reliability score (DISCERN) according to the COVID-19 orthodontic emergencies protocol published by the British Orthodontic Society.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the videos were found to be poor quality. Home care advice showed higher reliability than clinical advice. Orthodontic emergency videos uploaded by healthcare professionals had higher reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many types of orthodontic emergencies have received little attention on YouTube, and more useful and reliable educational videos should be uploaded in the event of future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on managing patients with Down's syndrome among orthodontists in Saudi Arabia: A vignette and a COM-B analysis study.","authors":"Hassan Abed, Waleed Taju","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_14_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_14_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore perspectives on managing patients with Down's syndrome among orthodontists in Saudi Arabia using a vignette study and COM-B model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study for orthodontists working in Saudi Arabia. Participants were asked about their demographic data. Vignette (clinical scenarios) and COM-B model (C: capability, O: opportunity, M: motivation, and B: behavior) were used to assess orthodontists' perspectives regarding the management of patients with Down's syndrome. A model of Alpha (Cronbach) was used to study the properties of measurement scales. A Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to correlate variables represented by means. An independent <i>t</i>-test and one-way ANOVA, with least significant difference (LSD) as a <i>post hoc</i> test, were used to compare two group means and more than two groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants (n = 70, 85.4%) reported that they had no training/exposure to dealing with Down's syndrome patients during their orthodontic clinical training. Participants reported an average of 3.82 (SD = 1.1) when treating moderate Down's syndrome and 2.48 (SD = 1.4) when treating severe Down's syndrome with mild occlusion discrepancies. Participants also showed that their behavior and attitude are significantly related to their capability, opportunity, and motivation regarding the management of patients with Down's syndrome. The average reported agreement ranges from 2.46 (SD = 1) for the hypoplasia of the mandible to 4.38 (SD = 0.8) for the congenitally missing teeth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that orthodontists in Saudi Arabia showed low confidence levels to manage Down's syndrome patients with moderate and severe challenging behavior. Despite this, the likelihood of increasing their confidence levels and attitude regarding the management of patients with Down's syndrome increased by increasing their capability, opportunity, motivation, and knowledge in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical effectiveness of customized versus noncustomized orthodontic appliances: A systematic review.","authors":"Yassir A Yassir, Mostafa K Sofar, Grant T McIntyre, David R Bearn","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_46_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_46_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of treatment with customized compared to noncustomized fixed orthodontic appliances.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A comprehensive search was performed using 13 databases until February 20, 2024. Study eligibility criteria were based on studies that compared orthodontic treatment with customized fixed appliances (labial or lingual) with noncustomized appliances. All ages and types of malocclusions were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search identified 95 studies, of which only four fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Three studies compared labial customized brackets with self-ligating brackets, while one study compared lingual customized brackets with labial conventional brackets. There were no significant differences between these systems for treatment duration, outcome, number of appointments, analgesic consumption, patient satisfaction, and the archwire bends requirement. On the other hand, treatment planning was longer and the finishing and detailing phase was shorter in the customized appliances. There was a greater tendency for mandibular incisor proclination and bracket repositioning in the noncustomized appliances group and a greater number of bracket failures, complaints, and requirements for archwire changes in the customized appliances. Qualitative synthesis was applied due to heterogeneity in investigating the difference between the two appliance systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the current limited evidence, the clinical effectiveness of customized and noncustomized orthodontic appliances was similar for the majority of clinical outcomes. Further high-quality clinical studies are required to confirm this finding.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Proper treatment planning and clinical management are the key factors for adequate outcomes apart from the type of appliance used.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cephalometric differences in grades II and IV adenoid hypertrophy: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Afnan R Hammood, Hayder F Saloom","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_20_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_20_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to determine whether there were cephalometric changes between grades II and IV adenoid hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 6-12-year-old patients selected from the ear, nose, and throat department at Imam Al-Hussein Medical City in Karbala. Patients were classified into three groups (each = 40) based on endoscopic findings: control, grade II, and grade IV. The findings were confirmed with cephalometric radiographs. Specific cephalometric points were identified to measure sella-nasion-point A (SNA), sella-nasion-point B (SNB), point A-nasion-point B (ANB), sella-nasion-pogonion (SNPog), sella nasion plane-palatal plane (SNPP), palatal plane-mandibular plane (PPMP), sella nasion plane-mandibular plane (SNMP), saddle, articular, gonial angles, and the <i>y</i>-axis. Additionally, superior-posterior airway space (SPAS), posterior air way space (PAS), mandibular plane-hyoid bone (MP-H), third cervical vertebra-hyoid bone (C3-H), total anterior facial height (TAFH), total posterior facial height (TPFH), upper anterior facial height (UAFH), lower anterior facial height (LAFH), and the Jarabak ratio were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Welch tests indicated statistically significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05) among the three groups in SNA, SNB, SNPog, PPMP, SNMP, gonial angle, <i>y</i>-axis, SPAS, PAS, MP-H, and the Jarabak ratio. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) and Games-Howell tests indicated a statistically significant difference between grade II and grade IV in SNA, SNMP, <i>y</i>-axis, SPAS, PAS, MP-H, and Jarabak ratio.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study demonstrated that craniofacial changes start to occur at the moderate adenoid enlargement throughout the downward backward mandibular rotation. More changes would become evident at the severe stage; therefore, an urgent medical intervention and the establishment of nasal breathing by orthodontic treatment with breathing activity would be needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy on condylar position and myofascial pain in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders-A pilot clinical trial.","authors":"R Rebekah, R Navaneethan, K S Nagachandran","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_21_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_21_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are a type of disorder that affects the temporomandibular joint, muscles, and nerves leading to persistent facial pain. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy is an alternative treatment for pain relief in TMD patients. The aim of the study was to assess the condylar position changes and pain levels occurring in TMD patients after TENS therapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methodology: </strong>According to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) criteria, a total of seven patients with TMD were included in this study. Routine diagnostic investigations were taken for each patient along with joint vibration analysis (JVA), electromyography (EMG), and a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) at rest position. Using the Dolphin software (version 11.95), the temporomandibular joint spaces were measured on the CBCT for the right and left sides individually for each patient. These patients were then subjected to TENS therapy, and an EMG reading was taken post-TENS therapy to evaluate the effect on muscle strain. A CBCT was taken after the TENS therapy to assess its effect on the condylar position. The statistical significance of the pre- and post-temporomandibular joint spaces and the EMG readings post-TENS therapy were assessed using paired t-tests, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a change in the anterior, middle, and posterior dimensions observed radiographically, before and after TENS. However, the results were found to be statistically significant only in the anterior region on the right joint space (<i>P</i> = 0.03) and posterior region of the left joint space (<i>P</i> = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TENS therapy has been found to bring about a change in the condylar position and pain intensities by relieving inadvertent muscle activity in the temporomandibular region. Therefore, further studies with larger sample sizes and control are required to fully ascertain the role of inadvertent muscle activity on the TMJ.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of surface roughness, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticle coating on copper nickel titanium orthodontic arch wires - <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Daphane Anishya, Ravindra K Jain","doi":"10.4103/jos.jos_29_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_29_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surface roughness of arch wires directly impacts their corrosion behavior, friction resistance, and plaque accumulation, which may hinder tooth movement and lead to dental caries.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aims to synthesize vanillin-mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), characterize them, assess surface roughness and cytotoxicity of arch wires after silver nanoparticle coating, and test their antibacterial properties.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nine copper-nickel-titanium arch wires (CuNiTi) were cut into equal pieces. Three were sent for surface roughness assessment, three for cytotoxicity, and three for antibacterial testing. Dip coating of wires was done using the sol-gel thin film method. The surface roughness (Ra) before and after coating was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Cytotoxicity testing was done with a (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using gingival fibroblasts. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Antibacterial activity against <i>S. mutans</i> was tested using the Agar-well diffusion method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CuNiTi wires were coated successfully, and the coating appeared homogeneous. The mean Ra after coating (297.3+/- 30.4 nm) was significantly less than that before coating (339.7+/-49.2 nm). AgNPs showed minimal cytotoxicity against human gingival fibroblasts at different concentrations. Optical microscopy showed over 90% viability between 12.5 and 100 µg/ml. At 100 µg/ml, only 80% of cells remained viable. AgNP coating is biocompatible at concentrations up to 75 µg/ml. There was a significant intergroup difference in the zone of inhibition (antibacterial activity) noted with higher values in noncoated wires. (<i>P</i> value <0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AgNPs coated on CuNiTi arch wires showed reduced surface roughness and minimal cytotoxic effects on human gingival cells and good antibacterial activity against S. mutans compared to noncoated arch wires.</p>","PeriodicalId":16604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontic Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}