Journal of Oral Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"<i>Fusobacterium</i> bacteriophage FNU1 disrupts complex periodontal pathogenic biofilms comprising <i>Fusobacterium polymorphum</i>, <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, <i>Tannerella forsythia</i> and <i>Prevotella intermedia</i>.","authors":"Siti Saleha Binte Mohamed Yakob Adil, Joseph Tucci, Stuart Dashper, Helen Irving, Mwila Kabwe","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2726627","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2726627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting more than 50% of the global population, resulting in irreversible gum damage, alveolar bone loss and ultimately tooth loss. Periodontitis arises from stable, multi-species biofilms whose pathogenicity is driven by emergent ecological interactions persistent to antimicrobial perturbations. <i>Fusobacterium</i> spp. are considered key microbial components that provide scaffolding for this ecological niche, which includes the pathobionts <i>Tannerella forsythia</i>, <i>Prevotella intermedia</i> and <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examined how oral microbial interactions shape periodontal biofilms and whether selectively targeting <i>Fusobacterium polymorphum</i> by bacteriophages can disrupt this pathogenic community structure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong><i>In vitro</i> biofilms were established using (i) <i>F. polymorphum, T. forsythia</i> and <i>P. intermedia</i> on their own, (ii) <i>T. forsythia</i> and <i>P. intermedia</i> in dual-species biofilms with <i>F. polymorphum</i> and (iii) four-species complex biofilms involving <i>F. polymorphum</i>, <i>T. forsythia</i>, <i>P. intermedia</i> and <i>P. gingivalis</i>. The biofilms were then exposed to the <i>F. polymorphum</i>-specific bacteriophage FNU1 to assess the ecological impact of targeted viral predation on a single member of the biofilm community. Biofilm formation, spatial organisation and microbial interactions were visualised by confocal laser scanning microscopy using CellTrace™ proliferation assays and live-dead staining. Community biofilm biomass was quantified using 0.1% crystal violet staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multi-species biofilms displayed enhanced biomass and increased cell density relative to simpler communities. Disruption of <i>F. polymorphum</i> by bacteriophage FNU1 led to significant reductions in total biofilm biomass and altered cell density in the single-species <i>F. polymorphum</i> biofilm as well as dual- and four-species complex biofilms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support a role for <i>F. polymorphum</i>-specific bacteriophages in destabilising complex biofilms of periodontal pathobionts. They highlight the importance of <i>F. polymorphum</i> in community dynamics in microbial biofilms and that its precision targeting results in ecological perturbation with the potential to reverse dysbiosis in chronic inflammation in periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2726627"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of chlorogenic acid disinfection on the oral microbiota of alginate impressions.","authors":"Tiehan Cui, Meichun Hu, Shuling Jiang, Fuqing Chen, Qiaoqiao Hu, Liping Yang, Na Li","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2727218","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2727218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cross-infection may occur if alginate impressions are not disinfected. Available chlorine (AC), though common, poses safety risks. Chlorogenic acid (CA), a natural compound, shows effective disinfection and, as we previously verified, inhibits pathogens without damaging impressions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the influence of CA and AC on the oral microbial community of alginate impressions from a community-ecology perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The maxillary impressions of 60 participants were randomly assigned to four groups (<i>n</i> = 15). The NS-AC group received a normal saline (NS) rinse and a 2,000 mg/L AC spray. The NS-CA group got an NS rinse and a CA (10 mg/mL mix + 60 mg/mL spray). The CA-AC group obtained a 10 mg/mL CA rinse and a 2,000 mg/L AC spray. The CA-CA group acquired a CA (10 mg/mL rinse & mix + 60 mg/mL spray). An analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted on the samples that were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NS-CA group exhibited substantially higher Chao1, Shannon and Simpson indices than the NS-AC group (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the PCoA revealed a centralized clustering pattern. As the primary biomarkers in the NS-CA, <i>Neisseria</i>, <i>Porphyromonas</i> and <i>Prevotella</i> were identified through LEfSe analysis and a random forest model (LDA > 4, AUC = 0.911). A synchronous decrease in the NS-CA was predicted by FAPROTAX functional prediction in relation to <i>aromatic_compound_degradation</i> and <i>human_pathogens_all</i>. The NS-CA and CA-CA did not exhibit any significant differences in alpha diversity or FAPROTAX (<i>p</i> > 0.05), and the PCoA showed that the two groups were closely clustered.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The stabilization and maturation of oral microbiota on the surface of alginate impressions are facilitated by CA disinfection. Of all the groups, the NS-CA group demonstrates specific cost-effectiveness advantages and has the potential to serve as an alternative to conventional AC disinfection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2727218"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lesion-specific oral microbiome signatures and predicted carcinogenic pathways in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a paired-site study in Pakistan.","authors":"Muhammad Irfan Shouq, Hafiz Ghulam Murtaza Saleem, Yuezhu Wang, Muhammad Sohail, Abid Hussain, Huayue Zhang, Huajun Zheng","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2721025","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2721025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral squamous cell carcinoma accounts for over 90% of oral neoplasms. Despite therapeutic advances, the lack of reliable, non-invasive biomarkers and delayed diagnosis continues to impede effective clinical management. By combining paired lesion and non-lesion sampling with predictive metagenomics analysis, our study addresses this gap and advances the current understanding of microbiome‒tumor interactions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 92 buccal swab samples from 39 OSCC patients and 14 healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) sequencing. Taxonomic profiling was conducted using QIIME2 and SILVA/eHOMD databases, functional pathways were predicted using PICRUSt2, and hub taxa were identified through co-abundance network analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microbial community structure differed significantly across lesion, non-lesion, and healthy sites (PERMANOVA, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Lesions were enriched with <i>Selenomonas infelix</i> and <i>Treponema vincentii</i>, while healthy controls harbored <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> and <i>Gemella haemolysans</i>. Co-abundance network analysis revealed lesion-specific hub species, notably <i>T. vincentii</i>, strongly correlated with predicted activation of pyrimidine biosynthesis pathways (r = 0.69, q < 1E-6), suggesting predicted metabolic alterations in the tumor microenvironment. Non-lesion sites were also characterized by two hub species, <i>Prevotella melaninogenica</i> and <i>Segatella oulorum</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings define a lesion-specific microbial signature of OSCC characterized by the depletion of health-associated taxa, enrichment of pro-inflammatory pathobionts, and predicted associations with metabolic pathways implicated in carcinogenesis. These alterations reflect a predicted functionally altered tumor microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2721025"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13539788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severity-dependent alterations in oral microbiota and antibiotic resistance in children with dental fluorosis.","authors":"Yuting Xia, Shifu Peng, Jiannan Yu, Yang Wang, Yunjie Ye, Mao Liu, Li Shang, Xing Cui, Peihua Wang, Zhen Ding","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2714622","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2714622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgroud: </strong>Dental fluorosis is a prevalent endemic condition, yet its impact on the oral microbiota structure and resistance in children remains understudied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the microbial composition, diversity, functional pathways and co-occurrence patterns among urinary fluoride (UF), bacterial taxa and antibiotic resistance genes in relation to fluorosis severity. Design: Metagenomic analysis of dental plaque was conducted on 96 school-aged children, who were grouped into normal, dubious, very mild, mild, moderate and severe base on fluorosis severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microbial diversity increased with fluorosis severity. <i>Actinomyces</i> sp. HMT 175, <i>Actinomyces oris</i> and <i>Corynebacterium matruchotii</i>, <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> and <i>Rothia dentocariosa</i> were significantly enriched in the moderate and severe groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed a reduced relative abundance of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and genetic information processing in moderate and severe groups. Network analysis revealed positive correlations among <i>Actinomyces</i> sp. HMT 175, UF levels and GRD33_1 (a carbapenem resistance gene).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight severity-dependent shifts in the oral microbiota and resistance, warranting further investigation into fluoride's public health implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2714622"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13528121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional Mendelian randomization between oral microbiota and allergic rhinitis in East Asian populations.","authors":"Chenguang Zhang, Panlei Li, Yicong Wang, Chunlong Zhao, Wanru Chen, Yanan Ma, Bin Guo","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2721043","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2721043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the bidirectional causal associations between genetically predicted oral microbial taxa and allergic rhinitis (AR) in East Asian populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used summary-level genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from East Asian populations to conduct a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was the primary method. Bayesian weighted Mendelian randomization (BWMR) was used to assess the robustness of taxa that remained significant after IVW-based FDR correction. Cochran's Q test, the MR-Egger intercept test, and MR-PRESSO were used to assess heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the forward MR analysis, 16 tongue dorsum and 22 salivary microbial taxa were associated with AR risk. BWMR supported associations for 15 tongue dorsum and 17 salivary taxa, with effect directions generally consistent with those obtained using IVW. Representative associations included a positive association between genetically predicted salivary Campylobacter_A_mgs_1095 abundance and AR risk (OR = 1.381), and an inverse association between tongue dorsum Streptococcus_mgs_1057 abundance and AR risk (OR = 0.767).Sensitivity analyses indicated no substantial heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy for most taxa.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Genetically predicted abundances of several tongue dorsum and salivary microbial taxa were associated with AR risk in East Asian GWAS datasets.These findings require validation in larger independent cohorts and experimental studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2721043"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13528148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The oral microbiome in relation to systemic maternal conditions and pregnancy complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jiawei Xu, Cong Li, Weifen Wu, Rongrong Zheng, Yongfeng Wu, Huan Zhou","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2717774","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2717774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alterations in the oral microbiome have been associated with systemic diseases, but evidence regarding maternal conditions and pregnancy complications remains limited. This systematic review evaluated these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for studies using high-throughput sequencing to profile the oral microbiome in pregnant women with systemic diseases or adverse pregnancy outcomes. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed for alpha diversity indices, while methodological heterogeneity precluded quantitative synthesis of beta diversity and taxonomic abundance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four studies were included, with 11 contributing to the meta-analysis. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was associated with lower Observed richness (SMD = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.55 to -0.03), whereas low birth weight (LBW) was associated with higher Chao1 (SMD = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.03-0.88). No significant alpha diversity differences were observed for pre-eclampsia or preterm birth. Differences in beta diversity and taxonomic abundance were reported across several conditions, although findings were heterogeneous.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oral microbial richness may be associated with GDM and LBW, but associations with other pregnancy complications remain uncertain. Standardized, large-scale prospective studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2717774"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral dysbiosis: methodological evolution, the mobile resistome and the future of machine learning in dentistry.","authors":"Jack Lynch, David Bradshaw, Ricarda Hawkins, Rob Howlin, Sue Pavitt, Thuy Do","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2717773","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2717773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oral microbiome acts as a significant, yet often overlooked, reservoir for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). This review examines the role of the human resistome in oral health, evaluating current knowledge on the composition, function and dissemination of ARGs within the oral cavity. By comparing conventional culture-based methodologies against recent whole-genome sequencing (WGS) studies, we assess the critical role of the oral‒gut axis in resistance dissemination. The current literature indicates that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) facilitates the spread of mobile genetic elements within oral biofilms. Crucially, oral commensals, such as <i>Fusobacterium spp.</i>, demonstrate the capacity to disseminate systemically, potentially transferring ARGs to pathogenic species. Recent WGS data further indicates a higher prevalence of ARGs in healthy individuals compared to those with dental caries, alongside an increased potential for ARG mobilisation with age. Ultimately, the dynamic oral resistome plays a vital role in both local and systemic health. Advanced methodologies, including WGS and machine learning, are essential for accurate resistome profiling and predicting antimicrobial susceptibility, which will guide prudent antibiotic prescribing in dentistry and mitigate the spread of antimicrobial resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2717773"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13508494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148829377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the link between oral microbial α-diversity, advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, and mortality.","authors":"Zunni Zhang, Huiying Ji, Yumei Xu, Yunxiao Song, Jie Chen","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2717777","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2717777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prior studies have linked oral microbial diversity to separate cardiometabolic endpoints, yet none have applied the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) framework.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the association between oral microbiome <i>α</i>-diversity and advanced CKM, mortality, and potential mediators.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We analyzed 6,044 adults (≥30 years) from NHANES 2009-2012. 402 all-cause deaths (144 CVD deaths) were recorded. Four <i>α</i>-diversity metrics (observed amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), Faith's PD, Shannon-Weiner index, Simpson index) from 16S rRNA sequencing of oral rinse samples were used to assess associations with advanced CKM (logistic regression) and all-cause/CVD mortality (Cox regression). Restricted cubic splines (RCS) and generalized additive models (GAM) characterized dose-response shapes. The findings were verified through four sets of sensitivity analyses. Mediation analyses examined two candidate mediators-a 49-item frailty index and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher <i>α</i>-diversity was inversely associated with advanced CKM (strongest for Faith's PD, per 1-SD: OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.98, Q4 vs Q1 OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.58-0.84, <i>p</i>-trend < 0.001). All four <i>α</i>-diversity metrics were inversely associated with all-cause mortality, with Observed ASVs and Faith's PD exhibiting L-shaped dose-response patterns (<i>p</i>-nonlinear = 0.017 and 0.012, respectively), the Shannon-Weiner index exhibited a strictly linear inverse association (<i>p</i>-nonlinear = 0.445; EDF = 1.00), and the Simpson index showed a near-linear pattern (<i>p</i>-nonlinear = 0.05, <i>p</i>-overall < 0.001, EDF = 1.92). For CVD mortality, Shannon-Weiner index (per 1-SD: HR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.68-0.92, Q4 vs Q1 HR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.39-1.00, <i>p</i>-trend = 0.018) and Simpson index (HR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.72-0.93, Q4 vs Q1 HR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.35-0.93, <i>p</i>-trend = 0.024) maintained the most robust associations. Findings were robust across four sensitivity analyses. Exploratory mediation analyses estimated that the indirect effect of frailty on mortality was 14.30%-37.20%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that oral microbiome <i>α</i>-diversity may be associated with CKM risk, and frailty may represent a potential mediator.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2717777"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic intervention modulates volatile sulfur compound-associated pathways and oral microbiome balance in ligature-induced periodontitis rats.","authors":"Md Ariful Haque, Hye Kim, Jin Seock Moon, Seong Rok Sim, Md Abdur Razzak, Sehyeon Song, Jong Ik Jeon, Myeong Soo Park, Seockmo Ku","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2705080","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2705080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Halitosis is driven by volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) produced by anaerobic oral bacteria and commonly worsens with periodontitis. We investigated whether the probiotic complex Complex OK suppresses VSC pathways, modulates oral dysbiosis, and reduces inflammation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Complex OK was evaluated <i>in vitro</i> for downregulating the VSC-related <i>mgl</i> gene and antagonism against malodor pathogens using a 1:1 co-culture of <i>Lactobacillus gasseri</i> HHuMIN D and <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> OK. <i>In vivo</i>, ligature-induced periodontitis was created in 45 male Sprague-Dawley rats assigned to healthy control, periodontitis control, or low-, medium-, and high-dose groups (0.2, 2, and 20 mg/head/day, corresponding to approximately 10^7, 10^8, and 10^9 CFU/head/day, respectively) treated for 5 weeks. Endpoints included body weight, saliva secretion, tongue coating index (TCI), alveolar bone loss, systemic IL-1β, and oral microbial composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complex OK reduced <i>mgl</i> expression and inhibited <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (98.2%), <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> (91.2%), <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (99.1%), and <i>Prevotella intermedia</i> (96.6%). High-dose supplementation increased body weight (329.02 ± 14.59 g) and saliva secretion (4.03 ± 2.06 mg), lowered TCI (6.40 ± 2.60), decreased <i>Fusobacterium</i> abundance, reduced IL-1β, and showed a non-significant trend toward reduced alveolar bone loss compared with periodontitis controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Complex OK may represent a noninvasive probiotic strategy for modulating halitosis-associated molecular pathways, supporting oral microbiome balance, and reducing periodontal inflammation, with potential as an adjunctive therapy for periodontal care pending further clinical validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2705080"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic predictive links between oropharyngeal microecology and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: expanding the perspective of etiology.","authors":"Libo Zhao, Yang Zhang, Li Lin, Tianyi Wang, Yaodong Ding, Wenjie Wang, Zehao Zhao, Jiayi Han, Lin Liu, Yong Zeng","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2701568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20002297.2026.2701568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), a global public health concern, is linked to oropharyngeal microbiota, but observational studies cannot confirm their causal association.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the potential causal relationship between oropharyngeal microecology and OSAS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data related to the oropharyngeal microbiome and this disease were obtained from China Nucleotide Sequence Archive and genome-wide association studies. Moreover, we screened qualified single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables. Two-sample Mendelian randomization bidirectional analysis was conducted using methods such as Wald ratio and inverse-variance weighted. The horizontal pleiotropy was judged by the MR-Egger intercept, and the sensitivity analysis was conducted by the \"Leave-one-out\" method and Cochran's Q assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interferences in the abundance of specific strains of oropharynx (overall, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes phylum ratio ↑) raised the risk of OSAS, such as increased Streptococcus mgs 2253 (OR = 4.280) and decreased Prevotella mgs 3161 (OR = 0.218). Conversely, OSAS also affected the abundance of some oropharyngeal microorganisms, such as a decrease in Neisseria lactamica mgs 343 and an increase in Pauljensenia mgs 2308.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasizes the causal relationship between oropharyngeal microecology and OSAS, expands the new etiological mechanism, and provides potential novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of OSAS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2701568"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13487851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}