Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research最新文献

{"title":"Case-Control Study of Toric Intraocular Lens Implantation in Congenital Cataract.","authors":"Lukpan Orazbekov, Neilya Aldasheva, Aidana Sutbayeva, Kairat Ruslanuly","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v20.14282","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v20.14282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the visual and refractive outcomes after toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation compared to monofocal IOLs in pediatric eyes with cataracts and preexisting corneal astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was performed on 37 eyes of 37 children older than six years with visually significant congenital cataracts and corneal astigmatism greater than 1.75 diopters (D). The patients underwent lens aspiration with either monofocal (19 eyes) or toric (18 eyes) IOL implantation between June 2021 and December 2022. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), near visual acuity, keratometry data, and residual astigmatism were evaluated preoperatively and on the fifth day as well as the first, third, and sixth months postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperative mean corneal astigmatism was 2.84 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.51 D in the toric group and 3.05 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.79 D in the non-toric group (<i>P</i> = 0.563). At the final follow-up, postoperative refractive astigmatism was 0.53 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.33 D in the toric group and 2.33 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.8 D in the non-toric group (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001). CDVA of 20/40 or better was achieved in 83.3% (<i>n</i> = 15) and 47.4% (<i>n</i> = 9) of eyes in the toric and non-toric groups, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.038). Also, corrected near visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 100% (<i>n</i> = 18) and 78.9% (<i>n</i> = 15) of eyes in the toric and non-toric groups, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.105).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study shows that pediatric cataract surgery with toric IOL implantation is an effective method of correcting preexisting corneal astigmatism. Compared to monofocal IOL implantation, it achieves better CDVA and near visual acuity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"20 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Biometric Comparison Between Myopic and Non-myopic Eyes Treated for Retinopathy of Prematurity.","authors":"Kaveh Abri Aghdam, Samira Chaibakhsh, Nazanin Hasani, Vahid Zare Hosseinabadi, Ali Aghajani","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v20.14953","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v20.14953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to assess the biometric alterations contributing to myopia in children who have undergone treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and compare these changes with those observed in full-term myopic children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children who had undergone ROP treatment were recruited and classified according to their treatment methods. An age-matched group of myopic patients with no history of ROP treatment was also included. Complete perinatal history was collected, and a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including cycloplegic refraction, was conducted. The biometric data of children in each study group were gathered using the IOL Master and Pentacam.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study recruited 14 patients in the intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) group, 17 patients in the laser-treated group, and 13 individuals in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two patient groups regarding gestational age, birth weight, and age. In the IVB group, 50% of patients were myopic, compared to 52.9% in the laser-treated group. The incidence of high myopia was significantly higher in the laser-treated group (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001). In the non-myopic group, changes in refractive error were solely related to changes in axial length (<i>P</i> = 0.003). However, in the myopic group, changes in refractive error were significantly associated with changes in anterior chamber depth (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001), lens thickness (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001), and axial length (<i>P</i> = 0.018). Furthermore, myopic children in the ROP group had significantly shorter axial lengths, shallower anterior chambers, thicker lenses, and steeper corneas compared to the control group (all <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Eyes with a history of ROP treatment, whether myopic or non-myopic, should be considered distinct entities. In patients who have undergone ROP treatment and have not developed myopia, changes in refractive error are primarily influenced by alterations in axial length, rather than changes in the anterior segment. Furthermore, children with myopia and a history of treatment for ROP (either IVB or laser) exhibit different biometric changes compared to myopic children without a history of ROP treatment, further underscoring their unique characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"20 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12258068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Star of the Diabetic Macular Show: Stellate Nonhereditary Idiopathic Foveomacular Retinoschisis (SNIFR).","authors":"Cory A Christensen, Neha Gupta, Mark P Breazzano","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v20.15125","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v20.15125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"20 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12260248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Use of Upadacitinib, a Selective JAK Inhibitor, in the Treatment of Two Cases of Recalcitrant Chronic Uveitis.","authors":"Diego Dominguez, Sawyer Vaclaw, Cynthia K McClard, Matlock A Jeffries, Jila Noori","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v20.14952","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v20.14952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Immunomodulatory agents, including conventional immunosuppressive treatment and biologics, are the mainstay of treating chronic uveitis. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, one of the newest biologics, have shown successful outcomes in treating autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases by suppressing the JAK/signal transducers and transcription (STAT) pathway. We present two cases of recalcitrant chronic uveitis with significant improvement in intraocular inflammation by using upadacitinib, a selective JAK1 inhibitor.</p><p><strong>Case reports: </strong>The first case is a 59-year-old female with HLA-B27-positive Chron's disease and chronic anterior and intermediate uveitis who experienced an improvement in visual acuity, anterior chamber and vitreous inflammation, and cystoid macular edema on upadacitinib. The second patient is a 71-year-old female with birdshot chorioretinopathy, intolerant of initially used systemic immunosuppressive agents who showed significant improvement in vitreous inflammation, retinal phlebitis, and choroiditis after treatment with upadacitinib.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Utilizing JAK inhibitors such as upadacitinib in treating uveitis, whether in isolated forms or in the context of systemic autoimmune diseases, may require further evaluation by controlled cohort studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"20 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12258069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Complementary Touch for the Temporal Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Technique.","authors":"Levent Karabas, Ecem Önder Tokuç, Sevim Ayça Seyyar, Özlem Şahin","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v20.14516","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v20.14516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The temporal inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique was developed to improve vitreoretinal surgery for large macular holes (MH). However, in addition to the difficulty of the surgical procedure, the main concern is the displacement of the ILM flap due to small fluid leakage into the posterior pole, even in the short time required to close the sclerotomies after fluid-air exchange. A new approach to the temporal inverted ILM flap technique is described here. In this approach, when the ILM flap is inverted over the MH, ILM forceps, while it is closed, are gently pressed over the folded edge and passed over (just like folding a paper in half), creating an ILM fold mark like the ones used in origami. Thus, it can be seen that the minimal fluid leaking into the posterior pole ventilates the free edge of the flap, but the force formed along the folded edge prevents the flap turnover.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"20 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Occupational Exposure to Low-frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Cataract Development.","authors":"Mohammad Hosein Validad, Monireh Mahjoob, Masoud Pishjo, Mostafa Diani, Tahereh Rakhshandadi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v20.12281","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v20.12281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cataracts are the second leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. This study aimed to examine the impact of occupational exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields on cataract development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred employees of Zahedan Electricity Company participated in this study. They were assigned to four groups based on their level of exposure: regular, operational, operator personnel, and non-exposure. Based on LOCS III grading, the risk of developing different types of cataracts (i.e., nuclear, posterior subcapsular, and cortical) was evaluated for all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of cataracts was 62.2% in the exposure group (which includes three subgroups: the regular, operational, and operator personnel) and 53.8% in the non-exposure group. There was a significant difference between the study groups in terms of nuclear opacity grading (P = 0.003). The correlation between nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract grading and work experience duration in the exposure group was statistically significant (P <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.018).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study's findings indicate that exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields such as power lines, power plants, and power distribution posts may be a risk factor for cataract development, particularly nuclear cataracts.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"20 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Practice, Challenges, and the Future of Ophthalmic Genetics in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Basamat AlMoallem, Ghadah Alsuwailem, Nadeef Alqahtani, Layan Alshammari, Abeer Alkhodier","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v20.15890","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v20.15890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Ophthalmic genetics is vital for diagnosing and managing inherited eye disorders, contributing to personalized treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study assessed 131 healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia through an online questionnaire to evaluate clinical practices, referral patterns, and challenges in genetic ophthalmology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study showed that 61.7% of participants reported the availability of ophthalmic genetics services in their hospitals, with an equal percentage referring patients to genetic specialists. However, significant barriers were identified, including limited budgets for genetic testing (69.6%), a lack of trained physicians (70.9%), low community awareness (50.6%), and a perceived lack of treatment options (27.8%). Additionally, concerns about patient access to genetic testing (54.3%) and genetic counseling (50.6%) were highlighted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study on ophthalmic genetics in Saudi Arabia, and its findings emphasize the need for policy reforms and targeted interventions. Proposed solutions include innovative financial models for genetic testing, expanded training programs for healthcare providers, and public awareness campaigns to improve access to genetic services. Addressing these challenges can enhance early diagnosis, treatment strategies, and patient outcomes in ophthalmic genetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"20 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presumed Tubercular Multifocal Choroiditis.","authors":"Masoud Soheilian, Pejvak Azadi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i4.11199","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i4.11199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of tubercular choroiditis that was initially treated for multifocal choroiditis.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 54-year-old female patient diagnosed with multifocal choroiditis was referred to the clinic while undergoing treatment with systemic prednisone and methotrexate. The presenting visual acuity was 20/100 in the right eye and finger counting at 1 meter in the left eye. Further investigation by repeated tuberculin skin test and QuantiFERON-TB Gold test revealed tuberculosis as the probable cause of choroiditis. The patient was started on a four-drug antituberculosis regimen. Six months later, the vision improved significantly to 20/30 in the right eye and finger counting at 6 meters in the left eye, with no remaining cellular reaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of multifocal choroiditis, and it is vital to perform careful history taking and thorough examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 4","pages":"512-518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological Treatment of Presbyopia Using Pilocarpine 1.25% Eye Drops.","authors":"Seyed Abolghasem Mousavi, Zhale Rajavi, Hamideh Sabbaghi, Saeid Abdi, Nafeeseh Montazerin, Bahareh Kheiri, Azadeh Haseli-Mofrad, Kourosh Sheibani, Hemn Baghban Jaldian","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i4.14578","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i4.14578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the efficiency and safety of pilocarpine eye drop 1.25% analogue (IR- Pilo) in comparison with its original brand-name drug (Vuity).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this non-randomized comparative study, 75 patients with presbyopia aged 40 to 60 years were enrolled. The right eyes of these patients received either IR-Pilo (<i>n</i> = 45) or Vuity (<i>n</i> = 30) and their contralateral eyes served as controls. Refractive errors, distance best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), near vision, amplitude of accommodation, pupil size, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured before and 1 to 2 hours after instillation of the eye drop.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean refractive error was stable, except for a small myopic shift in the Vuity group. There was no significant change in distance BCVA. Near vision improved significantly in both intervention groups (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) with preference for IR-Pilo (4 vs 2.3). Furthermore, a higher amplitude of accommodation and pupil constriction occurred after instillation of both drops, with a higher effect associated with IR-Pilo. However, IOP did not change significantly post intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IR-Pilo and Vuity eye drops had comparable results; both were effective and led to stable distance vision and improved near vision. Both ophthalmic drugs were safe and none of them were associated with significant adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 4","pages":"468-475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Results of Topical Insulin Treatment for Persistent Corneal Epithelial Defects.","authors":"Júlio Almeida, Tomás R Costa, Maria Vivas, Catarina Monteiro, Fernando T Vaz, Diana Silva, Cristina Vendrell, Isabel Prieto","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v19i4.13977","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v19i4.13977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effects of topical insulin in patients with persistent corneal epithelial defects that are refractory to the standard treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, hospital-based, clinical study was performed on 17 eyes of 16 patients with different types of refractory persistent epithelial defects who were treated with topical insulin. The treatment was continued until the defect either was resolved or persisted after three months. Patients' demographic information, etiology, comorbidities, and clinical data were reviewed. The rate of epithelial healing was considered as the primary outcome measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neurotrophic keratitis was the most common cause of persistent epithelial defects (58.8%), and within this category, herpetic eye disease was the main comorbidity (44.4%). The mean follow-up time was 17.91 months. Eleven out of fifteen eyes (77.3%) had complete improvement and only one patient did not respond to the treatment. The mean time of reepithelization for the eyes with full recovery was 31.27 days (ranging from 6 to 61 days). The best-corrected visual acuity improved significantly after treatment (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.005), and there were no reports of complications or side effects during the study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that topical insulin, due to its good safety profile, availability, and affordability, could be a good therapeutic alternative for persistent epithelial defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"19 4","pages":"397-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}