Journal of memory and language最新文献_第4页

Investigating the cognitive correlates of semantic and perceptual false memory in older and younger adults: A multi-group latent variable approach 研究老年人和年轻人语义和知觉错误记忆的认知相关性：一种多组潜在变量方法

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2025.104625

John T. West , Rebecca L. Wagner , Ashley Steinkrauss , Nancy A. Dennis

{"title":"Investigating the cognitive correlates of semantic and perceptual false memory in older and younger adults: A multi-group latent variable approach","authors":"John T. West , Rebecca L. Wagner , Ashley Steinkrauss , Nancy A. Dennis","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2025.104625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2025.104625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Falsely remembering information can have negative consequences for day-to-day functioning and can be especially problematic for older adults who often experience higher rates of false memory. Because there is considerable variability between older adults in memory and cognition, it is essential that we understand the factors that place older individuals at risk for developing false memories. Whereas lower frontal functioning has previously been related to false memory in general, prior research suggests that there may also be domain-specificity in the factors associated with false memory. To test this possibility, 211 young adults and 152 older adults completed tasks measuring semantic false memory, perceptual false memory, frontal functioning, semantic discrimination, and perceptual discrimination. Factor analyses revealed that – contrary to predictions – individual differences in semantic and perceptual false memory were best represented by a single, overarching false memory factor. Although cognitive abilities were generally not related to false memory when assessed together, semantic discrimination, perceptual discrimination, and frontal functioning were all negatively associated with false memory in isolation, and jointly predicted 37% of the variance in younger adults and 40% in older adults. Importantly, the extent to which these cognitive abilities protected against false memory did not differ between older and younger adults. Results suggest that for both older and younger adults, individual differences in the tendency to falsely remember information are captured by a single overarching construct that has negative (yet redundant) associations with various cognitive abilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 104625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sample size and its justification in the Journal of Memory and Language 《记忆与语言》杂志上的样本量及其合理性

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2025.104622

Adrian Staub

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Larger lexicons enable representation of fine-grained phonological similarity structure: Evidence from English L2 speakers’ sound similarity judgments of word pairs 更大的词汇量能够表征细粒度的语音相似结构：来自英语第二语言使用者对单词对的声音相似判断的证据

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2025.104619

Cynthia S.Q. Siew , Nichol Castro

{"title":"Larger lexicons enable representation of fine-grained phonological similarity structure: Evidence from English L2 speakers’ sound similarity judgments of word pairs","authors":"Cynthia S.Q. Siew , Nichol Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2025.104619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2025.104619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Native English speakers are sensitive to the small-world structure and community structure of the phonological similarity network of English words. In this study we investigated whether L2 speakers of English are sensitive to the overall similarity structure of the phonological lexicon, and whether this sensitivity is modulated by the size of their L2 vocabulary. Participants with diverse L1s (with English as their L2) completed a phonological similarity rating task where they listened to pairs of English words and provided similarity judgments for word pairs of varying path lengths and community membership. Path length in the phonological network represented the number of steps needed to traverse from one word to another word in the network. Word pairs were either from the same phonological community or different communities. English vocabulary knowledge was assessed using the LexTALE (Lemhöfer & Broersma, 2012). Results indicated that participants with higher LexTALE scores showed greater sensitivity to both community membership of word pairs as well as phonological distance between words at shorter path lengths. Computational simulations of the task with phonological networks depicting various levels of L2 proficiency qualitatively align with the observed behavioral results. The simulations suggest that larger network sizes provide more degrees of freedom for representing subtle patterns of similarity relations among word-forms. These findings have implications for understanding how expansion of the phonological mental lexicon enables learners to represent fine-grained, internal structure of phonological similarity relations among words.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 104619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Animacy outweighs topichood when choosing pronouns and word order 在选择代词和词序时，生动性比话题性更重要

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2025.104615

Markus Bader, Yvonne Portele

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Toddlers’ looking behaviours during referent selection and relationships with immediate and delayed retention 幼儿在指称选择过程中的注视行为及其与即时记忆和延迟记忆的关系

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104596

Emma L. Axelsson , Jessica S. Horst , Samantha L. Playford , Amanda I. Winiger

{"title":"Toddlers’ looking behaviours during referent selection and relationships with immediate and delayed retention","authors":"Emma L. Axelsson , Jessica S. Horst , Samantha L. Playford , Amanda I. Winiger","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study investigates whether children’s attempts to solve referential ambiguity is best explained as a process-of-elimination or a novelty bias. We measured 2.5-year-old children’s pointing and eye movements during referent selection trials and assessed whether this changes across repeated exposures. We also tested children’s retention of novel words and how much focusing on novel targets during referent selection supports immediate and delayed retention as well as the effect of hearing the words ostensively named after referent selection. Time course analyses of children’s looking during referent selection indicated that soon after noun onsets, in familiar target trials there was a greater focus on targets relative to chance, but in novel target trials, children focussed on targets less than chance, suggesting an initial focus on competitors. Children also took longer to focus on and point to novel compared to familiar targets. Thus, this converging evidence suggests referent selection is best described as a process-of-elimination. Ostensive naming also led to faster pointing at novel targets in subsequent trials and better delayed retention than the non-ostensive condition. In addition, a greater focus on novel targets during referent selection was associated with better immediate retention for the ostensive naming condition, but better delayed retention for the non-ostensive condition. Therefore, a focus on novelty may supplement weaker encoding, facilitating later retention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retention of grammatical information by L1 and L2 readers: The role of form and meaning 第一语言和第二语言读者对语法信息的保留：形式和意义的作用

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104605

Denisa Bordag , Andreas Opitz

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The phonology of letter shapes: Feature economy and informativeness in 43 writing systems 字母形状的音韵：43种文字系统的特征、经济性和信息量

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2025.104620

Yoolim Kim , Marc Allassonnière-Tang , Helena Miton , Olivier Morin

{"title":"The phonology of letter shapes: Feature economy and informativeness in 43 writing systems","authors":"Yoolim Kim , Marc Allassonnière-Tang , Helena Miton , Olivier Morin","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2025.104620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2025.104620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Differentiating letter shapes accurately is a core competence for any reader. Are letter shapes as distinctive as they could be? The visual shapes of letters, contrary to the phonemes of spoken languages, lack a unified description — an equivalent of the phonological features that describe most phonemes in the world’s languages. Using a gamified crowdsourcing approach, we elicited thousands of letter descriptions from lay people for the sets of letter shapes (the scripts) used in 43 diverse writing systems. Using 19,591 letter classifications, contributed by 1,683 participants, who were asked to sort the letters of each script repeatedly into two groups, we extracted a sufficient number of binary classifications (features) to provide a unique description for all letters in the 43 scripts. We show that scripts, compared to phoneme inventories, use more features to produce similar sets of distinct elements. Compared to the phoneme inventories of a large sample of the world’s languages dataset (the P-base dataset, collected by another team), our 43 scripts have lower feature economy (fewer symbols for a given number of features) and lower feature informativeness (a less balanced distribution of feature values). Compared to phonemes, letter shapes require more binary features for a complete description. These features are also less informative in letters than in phonemes: the chances that two random letters in a script differ on any given feature are low. Letter shapes, which have more degrees of freedom than speech sounds, use those degrees of freedom less efficiently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 104620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The contribution of learning and memory processes to verb-specific syntactic processing 学习和记忆过程对动词特定句法加工的贡献

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104595

Lewis V. Ball , Matthew H.C. Mak , Rachel Ryskin , Adam J. Curtis , Jennifer M. Rodd , M. Gareth Gaskell

{"title":"The contribution of learning and memory processes to verb-specific syntactic processing","authors":"Lewis V. Ball , Matthew H.C. Mak , Rachel Ryskin , Adam J. Curtis , Jennifer M. Rodd , M. Gareth Gaskell","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Certain aspects of lexical knowledge can be primed by recent usage, with effects observed up to 24 h later in some circumstances. Here, we used syntactically ambiguous sentences (“The man hit/chose the dog with the stick”) to explore the longevity of priming of syntactic structure. Some verbs provide a bias towards an instrument interpretation (the stick was used to <em>hit</em> the dog), whilst others are biased towards the modifier interpretation (the man <em>chose</em> the dog that possessed the stick). Experiment 1 revealed an effect of pre-existing verb bias on resolving syntactic ambiguities. In Experiment 2, we primed specific verbs towards their dispreferred interpretation in an exposure phase (e.g., <em>hit</em> was primed to the modifier interpretation). ∼ 20 min later, the same verbs, along with unprimed verbs, were encountered in syntactically ambiguous contexts in a test phase. Exposure to the dispreferred interpretation in the exposure phase increased the preference for the same interpretation in the test phase, particularly for instrument-biased verbs. In Experiment 3, the exposure and test phases were separated by a ∼ 12-hour interval that included sleep. No overall effect of exposure was found, but again a simple effect of priming was found for instrument-biased verbs. Finally, in Experiment 4 using a sentence completion task, we found that instrument-biased verbs had significantly stronger pre-existing biases, which we discuss as a possible explanation for the imbalance in priming between verb bias conditions. Our results suggest verb-bias priming is maintained over relatively long periods such as 20 min, and possibly as long as 12 h, consistent with a contribution of episodic memory to maintenance of verb-specific syntactic biases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Contribution of prior linguistic knowledge to L3 phonological perception and production 先验语言知识对L3语音感知和产生的贡献

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104600

Tal Norman, Anat Prior , Tamar Degani

{"title":"Contribution of prior linguistic knowledge to L3 phonological perception and production","authors":"Tal Norman, Anat Prior , Tamar Degani","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adult phonological processing may be affected by previous linguistic knowledge. Here, we examine how phonological perception and production in a third-language (L3) are affected by multilinguals’ first- (L1) and second-languages (L2). To this end, Arabic-Hebrew-English trilinguals (<em>n</em> = 41) completed an oddity (perception) task and a word repetition (production) task in English (the L3). Critically, word pairs (<em>n</em> = 96) targeted phonological contrasts that overlap between English and Arabic (L1), English and Hebrew (L2), English and both Arabic and Hebrew (Both) or exist uniquely in English (None). Results showed that words including phonological contrasts that exist in L1 Arabic (L1 & Both conditions) were perceived more accurately than those that do not exist in the L1 (L2 & None conditions). This pattern cannot be the mere result of item characteristics, because using the same items, a control group of Hebrew-English bilinguals (<em>n</em> = 39) responded more accurately when phonological contrasts overlapped with Hebrew (their L1). We further verified that the L2 contrasts had at least partially been acquired in the L2, by testing an additional group of trilinguals (<em>n</em> = 27), who performed above chance on these contrasts when embedded in an L2 task. Judgments collected from monolingual English evaluators revealed that trilingual productions exhibited the same pattern as that observed in perception, with more intelligible productions of contrasts which overlap with the L1, but not with the L2. Thus, multilinguals appear to draw on their L1 knowledge, but not on their L2 knowledge, while processing phonological information in the L3. The findings further underscore the relation between phonological perception and production in the L3.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Flexible utilization of spatial representation formats in working Memory: Evidence from both small-scale and large-scale environments 工作记忆中空间表征格式的灵活运用：来自小尺度和大尺度环境的证据

IF 2.9 1区心理学

Journal of memory and language Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104587

Wei Chen , Wenwen Li , Yushang Huang , Xiaowei Ding

{"title":"Flexible utilization of spatial representation formats in working Memory: Evidence from both small-scale and large-scale environments","authors":"Wei Chen , Wenwen Li , Yushang Huang , Xiaowei Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jml.2024.104587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive studies have examined spatial representations in working memory (WM). However, their format and consistency across laboratory and large-scale environments remain less understood. Drawing insights from perception research, we proposed two hypotheses regarding the formats: polar coordinates and Cartesian coordinates, and examined these hypotheses in both small-scale and large-scale environments by error correlation analysis. Participants memorized target locations and reproduced them on a computer screen or navigated to corresponding locations in a virtual reality environment. The results revealed that participants defaulted to using polar coordinates to represent space in both environments, rather than Cartesian coordinates. Moreover, the spatial representation format proved flexible. In laboratory settings with grid-like memory contexts, participants tended to adopt Cartesian representations, with the encoding phase playing a more crucial role than the response phase. In large-scale environments, an indirect response type prompted participants to adopt Cartesian representations. Overall, our study underscores the prevalence and flexibility of polar representations for space in WM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of memory and language","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0