Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease最新文献_第4页

Virtual Reality-Based Simulated Hallucinations to Enhance Empathy Toward Individuals With Schizophrenia. 基于虚拟现实的模拟幻觉，增强对精神分裂症患者的同情。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001772

Kenneth B Abrams, Andrew Wilson, Thais Del Rosario Hernandez, Aidan Choate

{"title":"Virtual Reality-Based Simulated Hallucinations to Enhance Empathy Toward Individuals With Schizophrenia.","authors":"Kenneth B Abrams, Andrew Wilson, Thais Del Rosario Hernandez, Aidan Choate","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001772","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001772","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Individuals affected by schizophrenia often relay frustration that persons in their life are unable to understand their symptoms. We sought to examine whether a brief virtual reality (VR) experience for students in an undergraduate psychopathology course entailing simulated hallucinations could increase empathy, decrease negative affect, and positively affect attitudes toward persons with schizophrenia. After the unit on schizophrenia, 41 participants engaged in a VR experience with simulated auditory and visual hallucinations. We sought to maximize fidelity and immersion by incorporating the actual classroom and course instructor into the virtual world. By collecting data at multiple points, we were able to isolate the impact of the simulation on affect and attitudes. Participants experienced an increase in empathy and favorable attitudes toward individuals with schizophrenia and reported the simulation to be highly educational. The favorable results are notable given the brevity of the simulation and the absence of any explicit (declarative) knowledge being conveyed.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Associations Among Observers' Openness to Experience and Agreeableness With Social Distance: The Moderating Role of Disability Type. 观察者的经验开放度和合意度与社会距离的关系：残疾类型的调节作用。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001775

Shay Ohayon, Gil Goldzweig, Noa Vilchinsky, Ilanit Hasson-Ohayon

{"title":"The Associations Among Observers' Openness to Experience and Agreeableness With Social Distance: The Moderating Role of Disability Type.","authors":"Shay Ohayon, Gil Goldzweig, Noa Vilchinsky, Ilanit Hasson-Ohayon","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001775","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001775","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Despite abundant literature on personality and stigma, the role of disability type in this relationship has remained unaddressed. In the current study, we examined whether the relationship between observers' openness to experience and agreeableness on the one hand, and social distance on the other, was moderated by the target person's type of disability (psychiatric vs. physical). One hundred thirty-nine participants were randomly assigned to complete a social distance questionnaire referring to a vignette of a person in three conditions (physical disability, psychiatric disability, and control). A main effect of openness on social distance was found. Additionally, we found an interaction effect of agreeableness and the type of disability. Namely, the relationship between agreeableness and social distance was significant only in the physical disability condition but not in the other two conditions. To conclude, the current study emphasizes the role of personality traits in social distance toward individuals with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurotic Disorders in Children and Adults Under Social Stress Neurosis in Kids and Adults: Social Stress. 社会压力下儿童和成人的神经症儿童和成人的神经症：社会压力。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001774

Sergii Boltivets, Tymur Gonchar, Oleksiy Gonchar, Lyudmila Uralova, Yuliya Chelyadyn

引用次数: 0

Change in Defense Mechanisms During a Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. 强迫症简短认知行为疗法中防御机制的变化。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001770

Viviane Porto Tabeleão, Carolina Coelho Scholl, Katharina Pereira Kammer, Mariana Bonati de Matos, Jéssica Puchalski Trettim, Rafaelle Stark Stigger, Andressa Jacondino Pires, Luciana de Avila Quevedo

{"title":"Change in Defense Mechanisms During a Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.","authors":"Viviane Porto Tabeleão, Carolina Coelho Scholl, Katharina Pereira Kammer, Mariana Bonati de Matos, Jéssica Puchalski Trettim, Rafaelle Stark Stigger, Andressa Jacondino Pires, Luciana de Avila Quevedo","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001770","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001770","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Defense mechanisms (DMs) are strategies used by the individuals to protect the ego. Therefore, compulsive behaviors in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can be recognized as DMs. We analyzed how DMs changed in a brief cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for OCD. This was a quasi-experimental study with 92 OCD patients (aged 18-60 years). We used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview to confirm OCD diagnosis, and we assessed the DMs with the Defense Style Questionnaire at three time points. Through a latent change score modeling, we found that the mature mechanism presented a constant change during the therapy. This mechanism increased in average 0.37 points at each measured moment of CBT, showing a linear trajectory. Neurotic and immature mechanisms showed no significant changes during therapy. The increased use of the mature mechanism can be an indicator of improvement in OCD treatment, showing that patients intensified their more adaptive responses to conflicts.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the Readability and Quality of Online Information for Patients and Their Families Regarding Schizophrenia. 评估为精神分裂症患者及其家属提供的在线信息的可读性和质量。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001763

Okan Ekinci, Alcin Naz Koyuncu

{"title":"Assessment of the Readability and Quality of Online Information for Patients and Their Families Regarding Schizophrenia.","authors":"Okan Ekinci, Alcin Naz Koyuncu","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001763","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001763","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: To our knowledge, this is the first study that specifically aims to assess the readability and quality of online information about schizophrenia. The analysis is performed on 93 of 195 websites that appeared in an advanced Google search of the term \"schizophrenia\" performed on a single day. The websites were categorized as commercial, nonprofit, professional, and government. The websites were evaluated using the Health on the Net Foundation (HON) code certificate, DISCERN tool, and Journal of the American Medical Association ( JAMA ) benchmark criteria for quality and the Flesch Reading Ease Formula, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) Formula, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, and Gunning Fog indices for readability. A total of 21.5% of all websites had a HON code certificate, 50.5% were accepted as high quality ( JAMA score ≥3), and 25.8% reached the recommended readability level (FKGL ≤8). Only three websites scored at a fifth- to sixth-grade reading level. Commercial and government websites had significantly lower DISCERN scores. Commercial websites had significantly lower Flesch Reading Ease Score and FKGL score than nonprofit websites. In conclusion, the current findings indicate that the quality of online information on schizophrenia is generally acceptable, but the readability is insufficient. Website creators, physicians, and health authorities should be more sensitive to the readability of online information about schizophrenia, considering the poor cognitive capacity of the patients and the unique nature of the disease.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Letter to the Editor Undiagnosing St Joan: She Does Not Need a Medical or Psychiatric Diagnosis. 致编辑的信未诊断圣琼：她不需要医学或精神病学诊断。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001712

Barbara Schildkrout

引用次数: 0

Social Support and Social Stress Among Suicidal Inpatients at Military Treatment Facilities: A Multidimensional Investigation. 军事治疗机构中有自杀倾向的住院病人的社会支持和社会压力：多维度调查

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001761

Charles A Darmour, Jeremy W Luk, Jessica M LaCroix, Kanchana U Perera, David B Goldston, Alyssa A Soumoff, Jennifer J Weaver, Marjan Ghahramanlou-Holloway

{"title":"Social Support and Social Stress Among Suicidal Inpatients at Military Treatment Facilities: A Multidimensional Investigation.","authors":"Charles A Darmour, Jeremy W Luk, Jessica M LaCroix, Kanchana U Perera, David B Goldston, Alyssa A Soumoff, Jennifer J Weaver, Marjan Ghahramanlou-Holloway","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001761","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001761","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The associations between social support and stress with internalizing symptoms (depressive symptoms and hopelessness) and hazardous drinking were tested in an inpatient sample of suicidal military personnel. Baseline data from a randomized clinical trial were analyzed. Different sources of support and stressors in the social context of military personnel were differentially linked to internalizing symptoms and hazardous drinking. In the full sample ( n = 192), family and nonfamily support were both inversely associated with internalizing symptoms but not hazardous drinking. Family stress was positively associated with internalizing symptoms. In a subsample of service members who had a history of deployment ( n = 98), postdeployment social support was protective against internalizing symptoms, whereas deployment harassment was associated with increased odds of hazardous drinking. Results underscore the need for assessment of various dimensions of social support and stress to guide case formulation and optimize strategies to support patients' mental well-being and adaptive coping.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Need to Take Heart? Talk to Your Psychiatrist for 20 Minutes. 需要振作？与你的心理医生交谈 20 分钟。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001758

Eduard B Dinca, Adrian T Balseanu

引用次数: 0

Narcissistic Trauma: Main Characteristics and Life Impact. 自恋创伤：主要特征和对生活的影响。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001760

Liana Spytska

引用次数: 0

The Nature of Combat Stress Development During Military Operations and Psychotherapy in Extreme Situations. 军事行动中战斗应激发展的性质和极端情况下的心理疗法》（The Nature of Combat Stress Development during Military Operations and Psychotherapy in Extreme Situations）。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001768

Yanina Ovsyannikova, Diana Pokhilko, Mykola Krasnokutskyi, Valentyn Kerdyvar, Kateryna Kreshchuk

{"title":"The Nature of Combat Stress Development During Military Operations and Psychotherapy in Extreme Situations.","authors":"Yanina Ovsyannikova, Diana Pokhilko, Mykola Krasnokutskyi, Valentyn Kerdyvar, Kateryna Kreshchuk","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001768","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001768","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The purpose of the research work is the theoretical and empirical analysis of the study of the nature of combat stress in military personnel and the assessment of psychotherapeutic methods of providing psychological assistance in extreme situations. The authors used the following methods to achieve this goal: method of analysis and synthesis, hermeneutic method, testing method, comparative method, and generalization method. The results of the research work have revealed the meaning of traumatic stress, psychological trauma, and combat mental trauma, and explained the concept of combat stress and the dynamics of its growth. The findings identified the factors of posttraumatic stress syndrome and its prevalence, tracked down the dynamics of psychoemotional disorders, and revealed the importance of military psychological selection and determination of combat readiness. The authors established the main tasks of a staff psychologist in working with military personnel, conducted an empirical study of the nature of combat stress in the military, observed main psychotherapeutic tools for the prevention of negative mental states in combat conditions, and investigated self-regulation techniques of emotional, physical, and mental health. The practical significance of the scientific work lies in the modern coverage of the phenomenon of combat stress and the classification of effective psychotherapeutic methods that will ensure the sustainable psychological preparation of the soldiers for extreme situations.","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0