Journal of Modern Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of the late effects of radiotherapy [Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review]","authors":"Ekaterina V. Yudina","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202546","url":null,"abstract":"This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Lin ZC, Bennett MH, Hawkins GC, Azzopardi CP, Feldmeier J, Smee R, Milross C. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for late radiation tissue injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;8(8): CD005005. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005005.pub5","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"15 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine to improve regeneration processes in a postoperative wound after sectoral resection of the breast","authors":"R. M. Shabaev, S. A. Khodyrev, I. V. Kolyadina, D. A. Blagovestnov, P. M. Starokon","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202516","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Partial mastectomy is the method of choice for the surgical treatment of benign neoplasms (BN) of the breast. The drawback of this technique is the occurrence of residual cavities with the accumulation of serous and hemorrhagic exudate, promoting inflammation. Hydroxyethyl dimethyldihydropyrimidine (Ximedon) in the postoperative treatment improves the healing and overall treatment outcomes. \u0000Materials and methods. The study included 101 patients. All of them had a partial mastectomy for the BN. The study patients received different pharmacotherapy in the postoperative period. They were divided into two groups depending on the use of hydroxyethyl dimethyldihydropyrimidine. Group 1 included 52 (51.5%) patients who received hydroxyethyl dimethyldihydropyrimidine 2 hours before surgery and 0.5 g on days 1 to 7 in the postoperative period. Group 2 included 49 (48.5%) patients who had not received hydroxyethyl dimethyldihydropyrimidine. \u0000Results. Analysis of treatment outcomes showed that in group 1 patients receiving hydroxyethyl dimethyldihydropyrimidine, the overall treatment results were better. Therefore, hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine improved overall treatment outcomes and increased patients' quality of life in the postoperative period. \u0000Conclusion. The use of hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine in the postoperative period, which has a protective effect at the cellular level due to membrane-stabilizing, antioxidant, adaptogenic, and antibacterial properties, is promising and improves wound healing, thus improving the overall results of surgical treatment of breast BNs.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140443382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation injuries of organs and tissues: mechanisms of occurrence, methods of prevention and treatment: A review","authors":"Daiana A. Balaeva, D. Romanov, O. Trofimova, Zarina Z. Gadzhibabaeva, Y. Y. Gorchak, Garia A. Gariaev","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202572","url":null,"abstract":"In modern medicine, radiation therapy (RT) is one of the main therapies for cancer. According to the World Health Organization, about 70% of patients diagnosed with cancer require RT at some stage of treatment. Development and improvement of methods for early diagnosis of cancers, multimodal therapy for cancer patients, including surgical intervention, new drug treatment regimens, modern methods of conformal 3D-RT and proton therapy significantly improved the treatment outcomes of patients and increased their life expectancy. Modern RT is a high-tech chain of sequential use of complex technical devices and mathematical calculations to destroy the tumor without adversely affecting the surrounding normal tissues. Some patients develop radiation injuries to normal organs and tissues that reduce their quality of life. Prevention and treatment of such injuries are urgent problems of modern oncology. The article addresses the pathogenesis and mechanism of the development of systemic and local radiation responses, as well as methods of treatment and prevention of some of them. Three electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane and EMBASE, and Russian radiotherapists' publications, were used for systematic review in the information retrieval process.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"109 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140443903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized treatment options of refractory and relapsed medulloblastoma in children: literature review","authors":"Y. Dinikina, O. Zheludkova, M. Belogurova, Dmitry M. Spelnikov, N. Osipov, I. L. Nikitina","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202521","url":null,"abstract":"Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system in pediatric patients. Despite the complex anticancer therapy approach, refractory and relapsing forms of the disease remain fatal in most cases and account for approximately 30%. To date, repeated surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy can be used as life-prolonging treatment options; nevertheless, it should be emphasized that there are no standardized approaches based on existing data of molecular variants of MB. It is obvious that only a deep understanding of the biological mechanisms in association with clinical aspects in refractory and relapsing forms of MB would make it possible to personalize second- and subsequent-line therapy in order to achieve maximum efficiency and minimize early and long-term toxicity. The article presents the current understanding of prognostic factors in relapsed/refractory forms of MB, methods of modern diagnostics, as well as existing and perspective treatment options based on the biological and clinical aspects of the disease.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of pelvic exenteration in patients with cervical cancer: clinical experience","authors":"G. A. Khakimov, G. Khakimova","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202524","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Despite the progress in pelvic exenteration (PE) technique in international oncological practice, it is still debatable for cancer surgeons. The main reasons for its unpopularity are technical complexity, high rate of intra- and postoperative complications (60%), high postoperative mortality (30%), and challenging postoperative rehabilitation of patients. \u0000Aim. To evaluate long-term outcomes after pelvic exenteration in patients with locally advanced recurrent cervical cancer. \u0000Materials and methods. From September 2021 to December 2022, 23 PEs were performed, including 12 total and 11 anterior. The mean age was 52.2±10.0 years (range 39–83 years). All patients were diagnosed with locally advanced recurrent cervical cancer: 7 (30%) with stage II, 8 (35%) with stage III, and 8 (35%) with stage IV according to the TNM classification. Histologically, cervical cancer was represented by moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. PE was preceded by the following treatments: neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 17 (74%) patients, surgical treatment in 4 (17%) patients, and chemoradiotherapy in 2 (9%) patients. More than half (56%) of patients achieved grade 2 therapeutic pathomorphism. The advanced disease involved the following adjacent organs: bladder (16; 70%), intestines (13; 56%), uterine endometrium (7; 30%), myometrium and parametrium (4; 17%), fallopian tubes, vagina, and ovary (2; 9%). \u0000Results. The average follow-up time for patients was 9.4±8.8 months. Median time to progression – 8.7 months [5.9; 10.8]. During the observation period, 78.3% (18/23) of patients died. Progression was recorded in 39.1% (9/23) of patients. The 1-year overall survival of patients was 38.7% (median 8.9 months). The 1-year tumor-specific survival rate was 60.6% (median 14.1 months). The 1- and 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 63.0 and 49.0% (median, 13.4 months), respectively. \u0000Conclusion. During the observation period, death occurred in 54.6% (12/23) of cases in the anterior PE group, and in 25% (6/23) in the total group. The median overall survival with anterior PE is 2 times higher compared to total PE (9.6 months versus 4.1 months). Median PFS was 13.4 months. For patients after anterior and total pelvic exenteration, 1-year PFS was 51.9±17.6 and 72.9±13.5; 3-year – 25.9±15.7 and 72.9±13.5 (p=0.178), respectively. Thus, PE is justified and significantly expands the possibilities of surgical treatment.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience in organizing nutritional support in cancer patients at the Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre","authors":"A. Potapov, T. A. Аgababyan, A. D. Dorozhkin, Irina S. Pimonova, A. Nevolskikh, S. A. Ivanov, A. Kaprin","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202258","url":null,"abstract":"Literature data and own experience of nutritional support in oncology has been analyzed. Nutritional support is an integral part of the management of cancer patients. Diagnosis of nutritional deficiencies is important, with an accent on early detection of muscle loss and severely malnourished patients. The main methods of nutritional support are oral nutritional supplements, enteral and parenteral nutrition, as well as dietary advice and maintenance of physical activity. Oral nutrition should always be used in the absence of absolute contraindications. The effectiveness and indications of prehabilitation measures require further study, but now it is possible to single out a category of patients in whom they can be fully implemented. It can be cases requiring neoadjuvant chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"3 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138584673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT sarcometry in the prediction of postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer: Retrospective cohort study","authors":"T. A. Agababyan, Valeria A. Kukarskaya, Natalya K. Silanteva, A. Potapov, Vitaliy Yu. Skoropad, e.V. sheberova, A. D. Dorozhkin, S. A. Ivanov, A. Kaprin","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202260","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Computed tomographic preoperative assessment of sarcopenia in patients with gastric cancer as a part of combined treatment and the study of the relationship between sarcopenia and postoperative complications. \u0000Materials and methods. We analyzed retrospectively the data of 65 patients with morphologically verified diagnosis of stage IIA–IIIC gastric cancer. All patients at stage I of the combined treatment received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) according to the FLOT regimen, and then a gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection was performed. Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed before NCT initiation and 3.5 to 5 weeks after NCT completion for preoperative staging and assessment of tumor response. Using the obtained CT data, CT sarcometry was performed by calculating the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscles at the LIII vertebra level and the “skeletal-muscular index”. Postoperative complications were assessed using the Clavien–Dindo classification. Non-parametric comparison methods were used to assess the significance of differences between groups and subgroups (Wilcoxon T-test, Pearson χ2 test). Differences were considered statistically significant at p0.05. \u0000Results. We analyzed the incidence of sarcopenia in the examined patients before the NCT and immediately before the surgery. Sarcopenia was noted in 41 (63.1%) of 65 patients before NCT and in 50 (76.9%) patients after NCT, which indicates its high prevalence in patients with stomach cancer and the adverse effect of NCT on the muscular status of patients (76.9% versus 63.1%). Postoperative complications were diagnosed in 12 of 65 patients (18.5%). The rate of postoperative complications in patients with and without sarcopenia was not statistically significantly different (p=0.392); however, complications of Clavien–Dindo grade ≥IIIb occurred only in patients with sarcopenia (p0.001). \u0000Conclusion. According to our data, NCT in gastric cancer aggravates preoperative nutritional disorders. CT, as a standard method of staging and assessing the tumor response to NCT for gastric cancer, provides a tool to assess the state of muscle mass in patients before and after NCT. Preoperative sarcopenia is a risk factor for severe postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138584857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience with the combination of tixagevimab + cilgavimab for pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 in cancer patients: A retrospective analysis","authors":"M. Lyadova, D. Fedorinov, Evgeniya S. Kuzmina, Tatiana G. Antonova, Valentina K. Sokolskaya","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202456","url":null,"abstract":"Background. COVID-19 (COrona VIrus Disease 2019) is a serious threat to cancer patients, who are at an increased risk of severe infection complications. Pre-exposure prophylaxis with a combination of monoclonal antibodies, tixagevimab-cilgavimab (Evusheld), has been shown to be effective in preventing COVID-19, reducing hospital admission rate and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. \u0000Aim. To describe the experience of using tixagevimab-cilgavimab for pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 in the Russian population of patients with solid tumors receiving antitumor drug therapies. \u0000Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis included case histories of 79 patients (57% females and 43% males) with solid tumors treated at the Moscow City Clinical Oncology Hospital No. 1 from October 2022 to June 2023. All patients received tixagevimab-cilgavimab for COVID-19 pre-exposure prophylaxis. \u0000Results. The mean age was 64±11 years (32 to 83 years). Seventy-three percent of patients received cytotoxic therapy, associated with an increased risk of infectious complications, including COVID-19. No immediate or delayed adverse events related to tixagevimab-cilgavimab were reported. During the observation period since the drug injection, 3 (3.8%) new mild cases of COVID-19 were reported. \u0000Conclusion. Tixagevimab-cilgavimab (Evusheld) is safe and effective for pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 in the Russian population of patients with solid tumors receiving antitumor drug therapy.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote pre-habilitation in patients with cachexia and resectable gastric cancer: a case series","authors":"T. S. Boldyreva, V. Lyadov, G. V. Derevyashkina, Valeriia A. Shestakova, A. Gorshkov, E. Zyatenkova, Elena V. Procenko","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202259","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The high rate of functional impairment and nutritional deficiency in patients with localized and locally advanced gastric tumors led to the concept of \"pre-habilitation\". Multimodal pre-habilitation refers to a combination of physical therapy, nutritional support, and psychological counseling during the preparation of patients for antitumor treatment. \u0000Aim. To present the outcomes of patients with cachexia after the program of remote multimodal pre-habilitation before surgical treatment of gastric cancer. \u0000Materials and methods. The outcomes of 10 patients with resectable gastric cancer and cancer cachexia were analyzed. Patients underwent comprehensive preoperative preparation, including nutritional support, physical therapy, and remote psychological counseling. \u0000Results. There was an improvement in functional parameters: an increase in walking speed in 8 patients, an increase in hand grip strength measured by dynamometry in 7 patients, and an increase in exercise tolerance in 2 patients. No early or late postoperative complications were reported. \u0000Conclusion. Multimodal remote pre-habilitation is a promising option for preparing patients with cachexia for surgical treatment of gastric cancer.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"1 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138584782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endobronchial metastasis of melanoma: a clinical case","authors":"N. A. Ognerubov, Elena E. Palkina, Oleg E. Sayapin, M. A. Ognerubova","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.3.202458","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Despite high metastatic potential, melanoma rarely metastasizes to the tracheobronchial tree, accounting for 4.5-5.3% of cases. Therefore, epidemiological, clinical, and pathological features, as well as treatment, are based on individual reports in the literature. \u0000Aim. To present a clinical case of isolated endobronchial metastasis of melanoma. \u0000Materials and methods. A 67-year-old patient underwent surgical treatment for stage IIb pT2N0M0 melanoma of the IV toe of the left foot in August 2014. Histological study showed the ulcerated epithelioid cell pigment melanoma of level III invasion according to Clark classification, and the Breslow thickness was 2 mm. No adjuvant treatment was administered. \u0000Results. During the follow-up, no signs of disease progression were found. In December 2022, the patient survived a new coronavirus infection. In February 2023, the patient reported dyspnea on exertion, dry cough, and hemoptysis. Fibrobronchoscopy in the upper lobe of the left lung in one of the subsegmental branches revealed pigmentation of the bronchial mucosa of gray and black in some spots. Based on the results of cytological examination, metastasis of pigment epithelioid cell melanoma was diagnosed. According to imaging studies, no other manifestations of melanoma progression were identified. The patient received immunotherapy with pembrolizumab for 6 months with no signs of metastasis progression. \u0000Conclusion. Isolated endobronchial metastasis of melanoma is uncommon. The latency period in the presented case was 103 months. The clinical presentation included dyspnea during physical exertion, dry cough, and episodes of hemoptysis. The main diagnostic method is fibrobronchoscopy with biopsy for morphological examination. Imaging methods are necessary to establish the spread of the tumor.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"12 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}