Journal of Modern Oncology最新文献

{"title":"How a significant increase in survival in pancreatic cancer is achieved. The role of nutritional status and supportive care: A review","authors":"L. G. Zhukova, D. S. Bordin, E. Dubtsova, M. Ilin, Mariia A. Kiriukova, Polina S. Feoktistova, V. I. Egorov","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202541","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a serious public health problem. The mortality rate of patients with PC remains one of the highest among cancers. Early diagnosis of PC is challenging, so it is often diagnosed in the later stages. Current treatment approaches, including surgery, neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and supportive care, have demonstrated improved outcomes. A significant problem remains exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) in patients with PC, which requires enzyme replacement therapy. However, this is not given due attention in the Russian literature. This review addresses the survival trends of patients with PC, current therapies, and enzyme replacement therapy as an integral part of supportive care and improvement of nutritional status; also, the issues of routing patients with PC are addressed. It is emphasized that the diagnosis and treatment of EPI are mandatory to improve and maintain the nutritional status and quality of life; failure to treat EPI renders antitumor treatment ineffective.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"2 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolution on the experts' discussion of the TRIANGLE study results","authors":"","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202535","url":null,"abstract":"On September 30, 2023, a discussion of the results of the European Community study on mantle cell lymphoma – TRIANGLE study was held in Moscow. The TRIANGLE phase III international randomized trial enrolled nearly 900 young subjects (up to 65 years of age) with histologically confirmed untreated mantle cell lymphoma in advanced stages II–IV. Study centers from 14 European countries participated in the study. According to the TRIANGLE study results, adding ibrutinib to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation allows achieving a 3-year disease-free survival rate of 88%, which is significantly better than in the standard chemotherapy group.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140443052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare inflammatory myofibroblastic lung tumor with multi-organ metastasis: A case report","authors":"M. D. Budurova, V. Trifanov, V. Bagrov, Mikhail V. Lozhkin, M. Chernichenko, V. S. Surkova, S. I. Poluektov, L. N. Lyubchenko","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202438","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are extremely rare neoplasms, accounting for 0.04–0.7% of all tumors. Data on their clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and biological behavior are scarce. They can occur at any age, involving equally males and females. IMTs have been described as benign neoplasms with intermediate malignant potential, as local recurrence and distant metastasis may occur. IMTs are characterized by a solid growth type, and a multifocal type is uncommon. Definitive surgery is the treatment of choice. We describe a clinical case of a malignant IMT with multi-organ metastasis 6 years after definitive surgery on the primary tumor. There is no standard of care in such a clinical situation, especially given the absence of mutations in the primary and metastatic tumors.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"1 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140445152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient resource to improve the effectiveness of oncological care for the population","authors":"Vladimir A. Kozlov, Iurii V. Samsonov, Dmitrii L. Mushnikov","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202413","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Improving oncological care for the population is defined as one of the main priorities for the development of domestic health care, which is determined by the high medical and social significance of malignant neoplasms. The problem of improving cancer care is multidimensional. However, there are not enough scientific papers that consider the patient's resource as a factor in achieving a greater level of effectiveness of cancer care. \u0000Aim. To assess the state and possibilities for improving the patient's resource of cancer care. \u0000Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the Ivanovo Regional Oncology Center, Ivanovo in the period 2020-2022 on the basis of a comprehensive program using traditional methods: sociological, expert assessment, analytical, documentary. The assessment of the patient's resource of oncological care was carried out according to the original methodology, which included 10 parameters. A survey of 1000 oncological patients at different stages of diagnosis and treatment of malignant neoplasms was carried out and its results were analyzed, taking into account the factors of the staging of the oncological process, medical and demographic characteristics of patients. The assessment of the quality of life of patients was carried out using the SF12 (12Item ShortForm Health Survey) questionnaire. Based on the examination data of 410 cases of the provision of oncological medical services by experts of medical insurance companies, according to regulatory medical, economic and clinical criteria, as well as an assessment of patient satisfaction with the care provided, all cases are divided into 2 groups with an optimal and non-optimal level of care effectiveness. Statistical data processing was carried out on the basis of electronic databases using applied computer programs and provided for the calculation of relative values, the reliability of the difference in indicators, and the Spearman correlation coefficient. \u0000Results. Data were obtained on the decrease in the patient resource of oncological care for all its selected components and its established relationship with the effectiveness of care, which requires the improvement of medical and organizational technology for working with oncological patients. A medical and organizational technology for providing assistance to oncological patients in the conditions of passing through the stages of the treatment and diagnostic process is proposed. \u0000Conclusion. An integral assessment of the 10 components of the patient resource at the stages of clinical observation of patients in an oncological dispensary makes it possible to monitor the main factors on the part of the patient that determine the effectiveness of care, as well as to carry out planned measures to correct adverse and strengthen favorable factors. The proposed approach is the basis for making management decisions.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and safety of empegfilgrastim (Extimia®, BIOCAD) in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases receiving cytotoxic therapy: results of LEGERITY, a multicenter retrospective-and-prospective observational post-marketing study","authors":"Ekaterina S. Nesterova, A. Saydullaeva, Dmitry G. Sherstnev, T. Shelekhova, T. Klitochenko, G. Khusainova, I. Lysenko, I. Lyalina, Marina V. Demchenkova, Svetlana A. Orlova, Andrei V. Proydakov, Мadina V. Betrozova, N. Fadeeva, Alina A. Gofman, Yana M. Marchenko, S. V. Voloshin, Elena A. Pashneva, V. Sarzhevskiy, Alina R. Babicheva, Irina B. Bondareva, Natalia N. Glonina, D. G. Ishchanov, I. Poddubnaya","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202539","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Extimia® BIOCAD (international non-proprietary name: empegfilgrastim) to reduce the incidence and duration of neutropenia, the incidence of febrile neutropenia (FN) and infections associated with FN in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases receiving myelosuppressive therapy. \u0000Materials and methods. The paper presents the results of a multicenter retrospective-and-prospective observational post-marketing study of the safety and effectiveness of Extimia® BIOCAD (international non-proprietary name: empegfilgrastim) in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases receiving cytotoxic therapy. Initially, the study was defined as retrospective-and-prospective. However, only 2 of 671 (0.3%) patients were included retrospectively. Thus, the study is based on the evaluation of prospectively collected data. The analysis describes the characteristics and treatment of 671 patients diagnosed with lymphoma who received one or more cycles of chemotherapy in the LEGERITY study. The endpoints of interest included the incidence of grade 3–4 neutropenia, FN, and grade 3–4 infectious complications, the frequency of antibiotic therapy, and the incidence of all adverse reactions in patients who received at least one dose of the study medication. \u0000Results. A total of 671 patients were enrolled in the study, the majority having B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (428/671, 64%) and Hodgkin lymphoma (211/671, 31%). The mean age was 54 years (18–84); 35% (236/671) of patients were elderly (over 60). The number of injections of empegfilgrastim for the entire observation period was 3093 (n=671). Adverse events were reported in 57/3093 (1.8%) cases. The most common adverse events were mild to moderate ossalgia and myalgia (27/671, 4%), back pain, and arthralgia (12/671, 1.8%), which did not require drug therapy. Two patients developed serious adverse reactions – CTCAE v.5 grade 4 hypotension events. 529 (78.8%) patients received at least 4 courses of chemotherapy. FN was reported in 14 (2.6%) patients and did not require antimicrobial therapy. \u0000Conclusion. The final analysis results confirm the high clinical efficacy and safety of the Russian original pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor empegfilgrastim (Extimia®) in patients with indolent and aggressive lymphomas. The data obtained from real-world clinical practice demonstrate a favorable safety and tolerability profile of empegfilgrastim in all age groups, including the elderly population.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"101 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbid pathology in SARS-CoV-2 infected in cancer practice as a predictor of severe outcomes in COVID-19. COVID-19 prognostic online risk assessment tool in oncology: A retrospective study","authors":"M. Sekacheva, Alexander S. Rusanov, I. I. Kokhanovskaia","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202371","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Evaluation of comorbid pathology in SARS-CoV-2 infected in cancer practice as a predictor of severe outcomes. Testing the COVID-19 risk assessment tool in oncology (CORONET), to predict the likely severity of COVID-19 course in cancer patients on inpatient treatment. \u0000Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 173 cancer patient disease stories was conducted. The study was conducted as part of the program of the World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesine and Personalized Health Care” of the University of Sechenov, with participation in the ESMO-CoCARE Register project. Based on the ESMO COVID-19 and CAncerREgistry (ESMO-CoCARE) registry, taking into account the entered our patient sample (n=173), a COVID-19 risk assessment tool in oncology (CORONET) was developed. \u0000Results. Cancer patients with comorbid pathology have been shown to have an increased risk of COVID-19 course of the disease from this sample by CORONET (mean conclusion score CORONET 2.44 pointsseverity). Prognosis of probable severity of outcomes in cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 depends on associated diseases. The presence of a history of ≥3 comorbid pathologies in COVID-19 patients was detected in 106 people (61.27%). 15 patients were included in the risk of severe course. Retrospective analysis obtained actual confirmation of the prognosis of severe course of the disease in this group followed by death in all these patients (71.42% of all deaths). Indicators such as low albumin levels, high levels of C-reactive protein and neutrophils showed high prognostic significance of the likely severity of coronavirus infection in cancer patients on inpatient treatment for COVID-19. The mortality rate of patients admitted with COVID-19 and cancer was 12.14%. \u0000Conclusion. The most informative predictors of severe outcomes in COVID-19 in inpatient cancer patients to assess the prognosis of disease severity are: number of comorbidities, age, NEWS2 scale, ECOG patient activity status, albumin level, C-reactive protein level and absolute neutrophil level. The benefits gained in the use of the online decision support tool CORONET are considered convincing not only during the decision-making phase of hospitalization, but also in cancer patients on inpatient treatment.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotyping of UGT1A1 and DPYD polymorphisms in patients with colorectal cancer. A review","authors":"NN Timoshkina, N. A. Petrusenko, P. N. Gabrichidze, Maria A. Cherkess, T. F. Pushkareva, Dmitry A. Savchenko","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202514","url":null,"abstract":"The main treatment regimen for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer is still cycle-based chemotherapy with fluoropyridines combined with oxaliplatin and/or irinotecan. The activity of these chemotherapeutic agents depends on a predominant specific metabolism pathway. Therefore, the genetic features of the patient become important as a prognostic factor for the occurrence and severity of adverse events during therapy. The review addresses current views about the mechanisms of toxic activity of irinotecan and fluoropyrimidines, analyzes the results of pharmacogenotyping of UGT1A1 and DPYD polymorphisms, and published studies assessing the relationship between genetic variants of these genes and the safety of chemotherapy. A significant role of the population component is noted both in the distribution of gene allele frequencies and in their phenotypic expression. For some polymorphisms of the DPYD gene, dose-dependent associations with the toxicity of 5-fluorouracil have been established. Nevertheless, they determine only 1–8% of cases out of 40–60% of patients with adverse events and DPD protein deficiency associated with other enzyme activity reduction mechanisms. The pharmacological significance of UGT1A1 genetic variations is associated with toxicity prediction and helps allocate patients for more effective high-dose irinotecan therapy. Data is presented on the pharmacogenotyping of these markers to establish the dose of drugs in various national guidelines. Currently, the heterogeneity of the available pharmacogenetic data leaves open the question of determining the most appropriate dosing strategies for irinotecan and fluoropyrimidines. The widespread introduction of UGT1A1 and DPYD genotyping into clinical practice balances the economic feasibility and predictive value of biomarkers. As pharmacogenomics evolves rapidly, more robust research would overcome existing hurdles and facilitate personalized drug dosage decisions.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermatological toxicity in the treatment of malignant tumors in children: A review","authors":"T. Belysheva, E. Shatokhina, Anastasia D. Komarova","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202513","url":null,"abstract":"Modern antitumor drugs have high antitumor activity. But only a number of them realize their antitumor effect in a targeted manner with minimal manifestations of concomitant toxicity. Damage to the skin and mucous membranes as part of the toxic effects of chemotherapy not only reduces the quality of life of patients, but can lead to disruption of the patient’s nutritional status, infection, and generalization of the infectious process with the development of sepsis. This review describes the major drugs that have dermatological toxicity, the main clinical variants of dermatological toxicity, methods for their prevention and treatment.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The place and role of oral microflora in the pathogenesis of oral mucositis in malignant neoplasms (literature review)","authors":"A. Zavyalov, A. I. Tyryshkin, V. Olesova, N. A. Pashchenko, Marina M. Gurkova","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202544","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most frequent complications of systemic drug therapy of oncological diseases. Clinically, the disease manifests itself in the form of erythema and ulceration of the non-corneating mucous membrane. Although this condition is self-healing, it can affect the conduct of comprehensive antitumor treatment. Currently, the pathophysiological model of the development of OM is supplemented with new data obtained during studies of the oral microflora. Antitumor treatment can lead to changes in the composition of the resident oral microflora and it is quite possible that the changes that occur may affect the development of damage to the oral mucosa. The expansion of knowledge in this area allows researchers to look for new ways to include oral microbiota in OM management strategies. \u0000Aim. To summarize and update the accumulated data regarding the role of the oral microbiota in the pathogenesis of OM in patients with malignant neoplasms. \u0000Materials and methods. Literature search was performed in Medline, Cochrane Library, Elibrary and Pubmed, including publications demonstrating the current ability to assess the impact of the oral microbiome on OM, as well as developments in this area relating to OM management. \u0000Results. In the review the current views on the position of the oral microbiome in the pathogenesis of OM were highlighted and the promising directions for the use of agents influencing the state of the oral microbiota in various strategies to control this disease were emphasised. \u0000Conclusion. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of OM and the inclusion of new factors, such as the oral microbiome, into the picture of pathogenesis is likely to enable the formation of more effective management strategies for this disease in the future. This direction seems very promising, and developments in this area show promising results.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can bispecific antibodies change the paradigm and goals of therapy for patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin lymphomas?","authors":"I. Poddubnaya","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.4.202515","url":null,"abstract":"Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies, the vast majority of which are B-cell tumors. Standard immunochemotherapy with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies is effective as the first-line therapy in treating these lymphoproliferative diseases. However, many patients develop a relapse or refractory disease. Recent therapeutic advances with new targeted agents and cell-based therapies have improved treatment outcomes. However, most of the new strategies cannot cure the disease or achieve long-term remissions, leaving a part of patients with an unmet need for effective and well-tolerated treatment options. One of the most promising therapeutic options is bispecific antibodies, which are expected to provide an unprecedentedly high level of deep responses with an improved safety profile. The available data open up prospects for extrapolating these results to the overall survival of patients.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"57 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}