Journal of Modern Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Prevention of febrile neutropenia in oncological patients: real-world data","authors":"K. V. Sapozhnikov, Irina V. Sorokina, A. Gusev, N. Sableva, Valeriia D. Sokolova, D. Tolkacheva, A. Berezina","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202138","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the effect of febrile neutropenia (FN) prophylaxis with granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) in real-world cancer patients. \u0000Materials and methods. We conducted a statistical analysis of anonymized medical records collected in the Webiomed platform. Before analysis, the cards were validated by clinical experts. Electronic records were extracted according to two principles: mentioning D70 in the diagnosis or mentioning a chemotherapy regimen associated with a high risk of FN (20%), requiring the primary prevention of neutropenia. Thus, we obtained two datasets comprising 47.085 (590 patients) and 30.523 (398 patients) records, respectively. \u0000Results. Based on the analysis results, the most common risk factors for FN development were highly hematologically toxic chemotherapy regimens and elderly age about 50% in the adult population. In both datasets, the number of female patients prevailed (63.7% in dataset 1, 91.2% in dataset 2), so the most common was breast cancer. Less common were cervical cancer, digestive cancer, and lung cancer. Despite the indications for primary prevention of FN, for safety and importance of achieving the planned dose intensity, it was administered in 18.3% of patients in dataset 1 and 2.3% in dataset 2. No FN or G-CSF-related adverse events were reported in patients who received adequate primary prevention. \u0000Conclusion. Some issues related to G-CSF administration in cancer patients were identified. We identified the insufficient provision of patients with primary prevention of FN, which negatively affects survival rates and reduces adherence to antitumor therapy. Real-world data demonstrate the efficacy and safety of FN prevention and planned dose intensity maintance in cytotoxic therapy regimens.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77701702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological detection of bone marrow lesions in skin melanoma and its clinical significance: Observational study","authors":"M. A. Krylovetskaya, S. Chulkova, I. Markina, O. Chernysheva, I. Komarov, O. P. Kolbatskaya, N. Kupryshina, Andrey V. Logachev, I. Mikhaylova, L. Demidov, N. Tupitsyn","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202090","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Melanoma of the skin is characterized by a rapid progression and early metastasis. It has been shown the disseminated tumor cells, which are often found in the bone marrow, has an important prognostic value. The study of disseminated tumor cells in melanoma might be one of the possible additional sources of information about the nature of the disease and potential application points for drug therapy. \u0000Aim. To study the frequency of detection of disseminated tumor cells in the bone marrow in melanoma, depending on the clinical and morphological characteristics of the tumor. \u0000Materials and methods. The study included 67 patients with a verified diagnosis of melanoma who were examined and treated at the Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology from 2014 to 2019 years. Male patients accounted for 50.7% (n=34), female patients 49.3% (n=33). The average age of patients: 50.11.6 years. Immunological and morphological examination of the bone marrow were perfomed. Morphological examination was performed by two independent morphologists. Disseminated tumor cells were evaluated by flow cytometry among all nucleated cells (Syto41+) based on the expression of the HMB-45 antigen and the absence of expression of the CD45 panleukocyte antigen (FACS Canto II, USA, Kaluza Analysis v2.1). Statistical data processing was performed using the IBM-SPSS Statistics v.21 \u0000Results. Morphologically bone marrow damage was not detected in any case. Disseminated tumor cells (CD45-HMB-45+) in the bone marrow of melanoma patients were detected in 62.7% (n=42) of cases by flow cytometry. The frequency of bone marrow damage in the early stages is not lower than in advanced ones (p=0.029). This is clearly seen in the enlarged analysis. The percentage of DTC detection. At stages I and II was 60.0% (6/10) and 84.6% (11/13), respectively, at stages III and IV 44.4% (8/18) and 65.4% (17/26). In addition, the frequency of detection of disseminated tumor cells in the bone marrow was higher in young patients (p=0.02). There was no correlation between the frequency of bone marrow damage depending on BRAF status. \u0000Conclusion. The connection of disseminated tumor cells with the clinical and morphological characteristics of the melanoma has been established. Melanoma is characterized by frequent bone marrow damage, even in the early stages, in young patients.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84607246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma in pediatric and adolescent patients: a pilot protocol results","authors":"Natalia S. Tsaplina, T. Valiev, K. Kirgizov, S. Varfolomeeva","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202121","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Introduction a targeted drugs in a real clinical practice bring a vast improvement of prognosis in patients with relapsed and refractory (r/r) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). But it is necessary to increase the experience in anti-CD30 monoclonal antibodies in combination with second-line chemotherapy in pediatric oncology/hematology. \u0000Aim. To estimate the effectiveness of chemoimmunotherapy (ViGePD+BV scheme) in pediatric patients with r/r classical HL (cHL). \u0000Materials and methods. From January 2018 to October 2022, 15 patients with r/r cHL received scheme ViGePD+BV. Programmed treatment included autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT) in 11 (73%) patients. The potency assignment of antitumour treatment was performed with positron emission tomography/computed tomogtaphy (PET-CT). \u0000Results. Complete metabolic response (PET-negative status) was achieved in all 15 (100%) patients after 4 inductive courses by ViGePD+BV scheme; 4-year relapse-free survival was 90.98.7%. \u0000Conclusion. Our preliminary data of a pilot protocol of study a chemoimmunotherapy effectiveness for r/r cHL with brentuximab vedotin show a high potency of ViGePD+BV scheme in patients with r/r HL.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"274 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90780283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Following in the footsteps of SABCS 2022: top 12 advanced breast cancer studies that could change our clinical practice: A review","authors":"I. V. Kolyadina","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202102","url":null,"abstract":"A review of the data presented at the SABCS 2022 conference on the treatment of advanced breast cancer (metastatic breast cancer mBC) was conducted; 12 of the most exciting, creative, and significant randomized and population studies were identified, the results of which were reported at oral or poster sessions. For the first time, new and unique data on the treatment of HR+HER2-negative mBC from the following studies were presented: RIGHT Choice phase II randomized clinical study (combination endocrine therapy with ribociclib versus chemotherapy in aggressive disease, including visceral crisis), PACE study (combination endocrine therapy with palbociclib after disease progression on CDK4/6 inhibitors), and several studies on choosing the optimal treatment strategy for hormone-resistant breast cancer (CAPItello-291, EMERALD, SERENA-2, TROPiCS-02). A clear-cut favorite, trastuzumab deruxtecan, became available in treating pre-treated HER2+ mBC; at the SABCS 2022 conference, new data from a randomized phase III clinical trials (DESTINY-Breast 02 and 03) and two large real-world population analyses from Italy and Japan were presented. Among the studies on advanced triple-negative mBC, noteworthy are the results of two extraordinary phase II clinical studies, DORA and ALICE, which studied the effectiveness and safety of immunotherapy with unusual combinations (with olaparib in the DORA study and with immunomodulatory chemotherapy in the ALICE study).","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74281450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can musical interventions benefit patients with cancer?","authors":"Elena A. Razumovskaya","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202145","url":null,"abstract":"This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Bradt J, Dileo C, Myers-Coffman K, Biondo J. Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;10(10):CD006911. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006911.pub4","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72381398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular-genetic landscape of abdominal and retroperitoneal desmoid fibromatosis: a retrospective study","authors":"K. A. Turupaev, M. Budurova, M. Filippova, Artur A. Isayev, Yana V. Gridneva, D. Khmelkova, Margarita A. Gayryan, I. Mironova, M. Nikulin, Alena I. Puchkova, V. Delektorskaya","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202016","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Desmoid fibromatosis (DF) is a rare mesenchymal tumor with invasive growth, a high relapse rate, and low incidence (24 cases per 1 million people per year). Given the small number of patients with DF and, as a result, the lack of knowledge of this disease, the search for molecular predictors of the disease course and the individualization of treatment and prevention is relevant. \u0000Aim. To study tumor cells' molecular genetic and immunohistochemical profile and determine their clinical significance in patients with abdominal and retroperitoneal DF. \u0000Materials and methods. A comprehensive analysis of clinical and laboratory data of 31 patients with abdominal and retroperitoneal DF, a molecular genetic and morphological study of tumor samples was performed, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) using the Onconetix oncology panel and an immunohistochemical study using antibodies to -catenin and estrogen and progesterone receptors. \u0000Results. NGS testing showed somatic mutations in 28 (90%) of the 31 tumor samples. Somatic mutations in the CTNNB1 gene were detected in 26 (84%) tumor samples: 21 (68%) patients had c.121AG (p.Thr41Ala, rs121913412), 3 (10%) patients had c.134CT (p.Ser45Phe, rs121913409), 1 (3%) patient had c.133TC (p.Ser45Pro, rs121913407), and 1 (3%) patient had c.122CT (p.Thr41Ile, rs121913413). Two (6%) patients had mutations in the APC gene: c.4381GT (p.Glu1461Ter, COSM30779) and c.4634CA (p.Ser1545Ter, rs863225356). In 3 (9%) patients, no mutations were detected in the studied genes. The immunohistochemical study showed the expression of -catenin in the cytoplasm and nuclei of tumor cells in 16 (51.6%) samples. Nuclear expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors was detected in 6 (19%) and 1 (3.2%) samples, respectively. Of 10 patients with established relapses, sequencing (NGS) showed a c.121AG mutation (p.Thr41Ala, rs121913412) in 7; 1 patient had a c.134CT mutation (p.Ser45Phe, rs121913409), and 2 patients had no mutations in tumor samples. \u0000Conclusion. The combination of factors such as the retroperitoneal DF, the presence of the c.121AG mutation (p.Thr41Ala, rs121913412) in the CTNNB1 gene, female gender, and young age, can warrant assigning the patient to the group with an unfavorable DF prognosis.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91242931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The possibilities of therapy of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with BRAF V600E mutation. Clinical cases","authors":"E. Polyanskaya, Mikhail Y Fedyanin","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202012","url":null,"abstract":"Mutation in the BRAF V600E gene in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) occurs in 510% of cases and is a significant problem due to the aggressive course and extremely unfavorable prognosis. In recent years, new treatment options for BRAF mutated CRC have been emerging, for example, combinations of BRAF inhibitors, anti-EGFR antibodies with optional addition of MEK inhibitors. The possibility of local treatment methods is also being discussed. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of triple targeted therapy in BRAF-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer. On the example of 2 clinical cases of long-term treatment of patients with this molecular subtype, possible treatment options are discussed.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76862625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of the receptor phenotype of tumor-associated immune cells of the epithelial-mesenchymal microenvironment of ovarian cancer","authors":"V. N. Zhurman","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202076","url":null,"abstract":"Among all histological types, serous carcinomas account for up to 85%. Due to pronounced heterogeneity (at the molecular and genetic level) and chemoresistance, difficulties arise in finding active targets for tumor elimination. \u0000Aim. To establish a link between the population composition of tumor-associated immune cells of the microenvironment and the stage of serous ovarian cancer. \u0000Materials and methods. The analysis of the pathologic and anatomical material in 74 patients with serous ovarian cancer was carried out. Monoclonal antibodies were used to determine antigens in the samples: CD3, CD4, CD8, CD11b, CD14 and CD16. \u0000Results. The obtained results of the immunohistochemical study showed that in the composition of the immune cells of the microenvironment, the largest number of cells, at all stages (IIV) of the oncological process, are represented by macrophages (CD11b+, CD14+), CD3+ lymphocytes are in second place in terms of the number of cells, followed by CD8+ and CD4+ and the smallest number of CD16+ cells. \u0000Conclusion. As a result of the immunohistochemical study, a multidirectional trend was found between the population composition of tumor-associated immune cells of the microenvironment and the stage of serous ovarian cancer. With an increase in the stage of the disease, the number of macrophages (CD11b+, CD14+) and lymphocytes (CD3+, CD16+) decreased regardless of the degree of differentiation of the tumor. With an increase in the tumor stage, the number of CD4+ and CD8+ populations decreased, but in this case, the degree of differentiation played a significant role, i.e. the higher the tumor stage and the lower the degree of differentiation, the fewer cells were detected.","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82555324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective prevention of COVID-19 infection in cancer patients receiving antitumor drug therapy: a regional analysis","authors":"Chulpan K. Valiachmetova, Elsa R. Siraev, A. Izmailov","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202170","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The results of several multicenter studies indicate a high risk of severe COVID-19 and fatal outcomes in immunocompromised patients, including those with cancer. Effective prevention is critical to saving cancer patients' lives during the pandemic. Additional passive immunization with a combination of monoclonal antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 S protein in clinical studies showed a significant reduction in the risk of severe disease and death and a decrease in the frequency of hospitalizations. Real clinical practice shows the high efficiency of this approach in patients with oncological diseases receiving immunosuppressive therapy. \u0000Aim. To perform a comparative analysis of prevention effectiveness and COVID-19 severity in patients with solid malignant tumors receiving antitumor drug therapy. \u0000Materials and methods. The analysis included 100 vaccinated patients aged 22 to 84 with metastatic or inoperable solid tumors who received cytostatic therapy with or without a targeted agent. The median age was 56.5 years in Group 1 and 57.7 years in Group 2. In both groups, 32 (64%) patients had breast cancer, 10 (20%) had gastric, colon, and rectal cancers, 2 (4%) had lung cancer, 4 (8%), and 6 (12%) had reproductive cancers. In addition, Group 1 included 1 patient each with bladder and brain cancer. All were treated with antitumor drug therapy following clinical guidelines according to tumor localization. \u0000Results. The median number of received treatment lines of patients in Group 1 was 2.2, and 2.38 in Group 2. In Group 1, 42% of patients got infected, and 64% in Group 2. The combination of tixagevimab 150 mg + cilgavimab 150 mg monoclonal antibodies reduced the incidence of COVID-19 infection in any clinical form by 1.5-fold and hospitalizations by 1.3-fold. In Group 1, the rate of mild COVID-19 was higher; in Group 2, a higher risk of severe course was observed. In Group 1, viral pneumonia was 1.6-fold less common than in Group 2. Overall mortality in Group 1 was 6.5-fold lower than in Group 2. In Group 1, no COVID-19-related deaths were registered; in Group 2, the mortality rate was 8% (n=4). Mortality related to underlying disease in Group 2 was 3.5 times higher, and the risk of dying from the malignant tumor progression was 50% higher. In addition, in Group 2, 15% of deaths were related to cardiovascular diseases. \u0000Conclusion. Adding Evusheld to vaccinated patients significantly reduces the burden of COVID-19 infection in individuals with solid neoplasms who are receiving antitumor drug therapy. Patients receiving Evusheld at any stage of the underlying disease are less likely to have COVID-19, including severe infection, which requires hospitalization in an infectious hospital. The reduction in overall mortality in the Evusheld group suggests that COVID-19 affects overall survival in cancer patients. Evusheld reduced the risk of death in cancer patients from any causes: the progression of malignant tumors, COVID-19 infection, and other c","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72452128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving outcomes for people with a primary malignant brain tumour and their carers through early palliative interventions","authors":"Kristina A. Ivanchenko","doi":"10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.1.202144","url":null,"abstract":"This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Byrne A, Torrens-Burton A, Sivell S, et al. Early palliative interventions for improving outcomes in people with a primary malignant brain tumour and their carers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;1(1):CD013440. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013440.pub2","PeriodicalId":16401,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern Oncology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83636699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}