Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Chest X-Ray Imaging Algorithms for Optimising the Visualisation of Medical Lines and Tubes: A Study With Student Radiographers.","authors":"Vanessa Pui, John Robinson, Amanda Punch, Don Nocum, Dania Abu Awwad","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chest X-rays (CXRs) play a crucial role in determining the placement of medical lines and tubes. However, visualisation of these devices can be limited due to imaging and patient factors, increasing the risk of undetected misplacements, repeated radiation exposure and delayed patient management. These challenges may be more pronounced for student radiographers who are still developing their radiography skills. Although X-ray post-processing algorithms, such as grey-scale inversion (GSI) and Advanced Edge Enhancement (AEE), have the potential to optimise line and tube conspicuity, their effectiveness is not well established. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of GSI and AEE algorithms in enhancing visual image quality and reader confidence among student radiographers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty standard CXRs, demonstrating lines or tubes, were copied and processed using GSI and AEE algorithms. Images were paired as follows: Setting 1 (Standard-GSI), Setting 2 (Standard-AEE), Setting 3 (GSI-AEE). In each setting, participants used a relative visual grading characteristics (VGC) assessment to compare algorithms and indicated reader confidence using a 5-point Likert scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five students completed the VGC assessment. The Friedman test revealed a significant increase in reader confidence (χ² (3) = 48.02, p < 0.001) in Settings 2 and 3. VGC analysis showed significantly higher visual grading scores with both GSI (AUC_VCG = 0.72, p < 0.001) and AEE (AUC_VCG = 0.91, p < 0.001) compared with the standard CXRs, with AEE outperforming GSI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GSI and AEE appear to be valuable tools that merit integration into imaging protocols to promote best practices by optimising the use of resources, supporting diagnostic accuracy and potentially helping to minimise radiation exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147574365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Best Practice Imaging in the Initial Investigation of Paediatric Blunt Abdominal Trauma: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Gemma Dongwon Lee, Shirley La, Minh Thien Le, Amy Li, Xiaofeng Li, Warren Reed","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paediatric blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) presents a diagnostic challenge, requiring accurate identification of intra-abdominal injury (IAI) whilst minimising unnecessary radiation exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate best practice imaging strategies for paediatric BAT, with a focus on justification of computed tomography (CT) and the role of non-ionising alternatives. A narrative review was conducted between 2014 and 2025 using eligible English-language literature indexed in Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane. Eligible studies reported on diagnostic imaging performance or justification in paediatric BAT. Fifty-seven studies were included. Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) demonstrated low sensitivity but high specificity, limiting its ability to exclude IAI though useful when interpreted alongside clinical markers. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) showed promising accuracy for solid organ injury, but evidence remains limited by small, retrospective cohorts. CT remains the reference standard for excluding IAI, with the Paediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) guideline emerging as the most validated clinical decision rule to guide justification and reduce unnecessary scans. Current evidence supports CT as the definitive modality, but non-ionising imaging and validated clinical rules can help minimise radiation exposure. Larger prospective multi-centre studies, particularly of CEUS and less validated decision rules, are needed to establish optimal imaging pathways and refine best practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147574289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation Dose Optimisation Through Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Auto-Thorax Collimation.","authors":"Derek Yoon-Sang Lee, Nicole Chan, Richard Knight, Christopher Hayre","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly adopted in digital radiography to enhance workflow efficiency, standardisation and support for radiation dose optimisation. Auto-thorax collimation (ATC) has been introduced to automate field size selection in chest X-ray (CXR) imaging; however, its clinical performance and impact on collimation consistency in routine chest X-ray practice require further evaluation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-centre retrospective study analysed 400 posteroanterior (PA) erect CXRs sourced from the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) and local image archives. Collimation size was measured in both the superior-inferior and lateral dimensions. An additional, 200 erect CXRs were collected to assess the repeat rate due to collimation errors. Statistical analysis was performed using two-sample t-tests for collimation measurements and a two-proportion Z-test for repeat rates. The coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated to quantify the variability in collimation field size for each operator across both ATC and manual collimation methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ATC demonstrated tighter inferior and left lateral collimation than manual collimation (p < 0.05), while manual collimation showed tighter superior collimation. Collimation consistency was greater with ATC, as evidenced by lower CV values across operators. Repeat rates were comparable between ATC (7%) and manual collimation (8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI-based collimation provides collimation results similar to manual performance, with improved standardisation and reproducibility. Its consistent output suggests potential benefits in high-turnover environments, enhancing workflow efficiency whilst optimising radiation safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147529982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Learning Gets Expensive: Exploring Placement Poverty in Medical Radiation Science (MRS) Students.","authors":"Min Ku, Stephen Lacey","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ASMIRT recognises the urgent need to ensure that financial and logistical barriers faced by students are minimised. Priorities include equitable funding and paid placements, strengthened clinical training, and targeted measures to support workforce wellbeing and retention to secure a sustainable and capable medical radiation workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147530005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complaints Involving Sonographers: What Three Decades of Cases From A Public New Zealand Database Can Teach Us.","authors":"Martin Necas, Claire Calver, Alex Hill, Danielle Mourits, Sarah Park, Carla Smith","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sonographers are health providers who perform highly complex psychomotor, cognitive, interpretive and reporting tasks, all of which carry a risk of error. Such errors may lead to health consumer complaints. The purpose of this review was to analyse all published complaints from the Health and Disability Commissioner (HDC) database.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The HDC case database was searched for all cases including the term 'sonographer'. The cases were extracted, tabulated and analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-three cases contained the term 'sonographer', but the sonographer was under investigation in only 15 cases. The majority of cases involved sonographers working in the private sector. The HDC raised concerns regarding the sonographer's practice in nine of the fifteen cases (60%). The most common issue was an undetected congenital foetal anomaly. Six cases revolved around the sonographer performing a suboptimal examination that did not adhere to accepted guidelines. The sonographers' response to complaints was characterised by acceptance of responsibility, sadness, regret and apology in all but one case.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Complaints involving sonographers in New Zealand are rare, totalling 15 in the last 31 years and averaging 1.5 per cases per year over the last decade. In clinical settings where radiologists are reporting on the work performed by the sonographer, both the radiologist and the sonographer share collective responsibility for the content of the report.</p>","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study to Investigate Ghanaian Radiography Students' Proficiency, Experiences, Confidence, and Knowledge Concerning Communication With Hearing-Impaired Patients.","authors":"Seth Kwadjo Angmorterh, Mariella Mawunyo Amoussou-Gohoungo, Jerry Korley, Adam Inusah, Olawale Ogundiran, Sonia Aboagye, Patience Nyamekye Agyemang, Nathaniel Awentiirin Angaag, Wise Tsivanyo, Octavia Nyamekye Adjoa Amoabeng, Godfred Adusei, Jennifer Bannerman-Williams, Nii Korley Kortei, Riaan van de Venter","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70082","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmrs.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Effective communication in healthcare improves patient outcomes, especially the hearing-impaired. Ghanaian radiography students undertake clinical placements, rotating through units with different radiological modalities, and interacting with different patient groups, including patients with hearing disabilities. However, no study investigated their proficiency and experiences communicating with hearing-impaired patients. This study aimed to investigate Ghanaian radiography students' proficiency, experiences, confidence, and knowledge concerning communication with hearing-impaired patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quantitative approach with a descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed. Convenience sampling was used to recruit undergraduate diagnostic radiography students from one Ghanaian public university. An online validated survey was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study involved 152 participants [males = 93 (61.2%), females = 59 (38.8%)], aged 17-32 years (mean = 21 ± 2.3 years). Most participants could not communicate using sign language (n = 147, 96.7%). The majority of the participants had not interacted with hearing-impaired patients during clinical placement (n = 103, 67.8%). Students reported both positive and negative experiences. There was a statistically significant association between year of study and students' interaction with hearing-impaired patients (p = 0.017). Seventy-six participants (50%) demonstrated low confidence in communicating effectively with hearing-impaired patients. There was a statistically significant association between biological sex and students' confidence in communicating with hearing-impaired patients (p = 0.043), with the male students expressing a higher confidence level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The majority of participants could not communicate using sign language, had no prior experience working with hearing-impaired patients, and had low levels of confidence interacting with hearing-impaired patients. Participants demonstrated some knowledge regarding care practices for hearing-impaired patients. The study highlights a curriculum gap in preparing undergraduate diagnostic radiography students to provide effective care for hearing-impaired patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147486264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of 1024-Matrix Size on Perforating Artery Visualisation in Cerebral Computed Tomography Angiography Using a 64-Slice CT Scanner.","authors":"Hokuto Nagumo, Yuki Nagata, Mayumi Maruko, Jun Sakai, Yusuke Fujiwara, Joma Oikawa","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is essential for preoperative evaluation of intracranial vessels; however, the visualisation of small perforating arteries remains challenging with conventional systems. This study investigated whether increasing the reconstruction matrix size from 512 to 1024 pixels improves the visualisation of perforating arteries in cerebral CTA using a standard 64-slice computed tomography (CT) scanner.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study comprised phantom and clinical components. Physical image properties were assessed through Task Transfer Function (TTF) and Noise Power Spectrum (NPS) analyses. In the clinical phase, 41 patients underwent cerebral CTA with both 512- and 1024-matrix reconstructions. Quantitative analysis was performed to determine the peak CT values of the anterior choroidal artery and standard deviation in the basal cistern. Two independent observers (CT radiographers) evaluated the visualisation of anterior choroidal and posterior thalamoperforating arteries using a 5-point scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Physical metrics showed minimal differences between matrix sizes, with 5% TTF values of 0.862 and 0.867 cycles/mm for 512 and 1024 pixels, respectively. The anterior choroidal artery exhibited higher peak CT values with 1024 pixels (139.31 ± 27.02 HU vs. 136.85 ± 26.69 HU, p < 0.001). The qualitative assessment revealed significant improvements in vessel visualisation with 1024 pixels, particularly for the posterior thalamoperforating artery, where high-quality visualisation increased from 17.07% to 39.03%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although increasing the matrix size from 512 to 1024 pixels did not significantly affect the physical image quality metrics, it enhanced the visual detection of small perforating arteries through enhanced sampling density. This optimization technique offers a practical approach for enhancing preoperative vessel evaluation using existing CT technology without requiring specialised equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147473898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Four Stereotactic Radiosurgery Planning Approaches for Treatment of Posterior Choroidal Melanoma.","authors":"Robert Nigro, Kenton Thompson, Cathy Markham, Adam U Yeo, Daniel Sapkaroski, Claire Phillips","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This was a comparative treatment planning study for posterior choroidal melanoma (CM) using four stereotactic approaches: Brainlab iPlan dynamic conformal arc therapy (DCAT), Brainlab Elements modulated arcs (BE), Varian Eclipse HyperArc modulated arcs (HA) and Gamma Knife ICON Leksell GammaPlan (GK). The clinical goal was to reduce dose to normal brain whilst maintaining other treatment planning goals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen CM cases over 3 years (2015-2018) treated with DCAT prescribed 50 Gy in 5 fractions were selected. The DCAT technique involved a forward planning method whereas semi-automated methods were used in BE, HA and GK. Target coverage and dose to critical organs were evaluated and compared across all approaches with the same set of structures used for each.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Volume of brain receiving 10 Gy was DCAT 0.93 cc and 0.00 cc for GK, BE, HA (p < 0.001). Brain D_near-max GK 5.52 Gy, HA 6.41 Gy, BE 7.28 Gy, DCAT 13.73 Gy (p = 0.001). The median Gradient Index (GI) was GK 2.79, DCAT 6.39, BE 5.07, HA 6.00 (p < 0.001) with GK significantly different from each of the other approaches for PTV parameters. Further statistical significance was recorded for the lacrimal gland, contralateral lens and ipsilateral optic nerves.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Modulation tools in HA and BE enabled clinically meaningful reduction in dose to brain compared with DCAT whilst maintaining dose to PTV. GK produced highest PTV coverage with superior gradient index, however current methods for eye immobilisation and treatment delivery only allow for single fraction treatment with GK.</p>","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147467727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter in Response to 'Standardised Request and Contrast Consent Forms to Enhance Clinical Learning in Radiography Education'.","authors":"Clare L Singh, Kelly Bentley-Spuur, Lorraine Rose, Pauletta Irwin, James Yun, Minh Chau","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This letter to the Editor is in response to the paper 'Standardise Request and Contrast Consent Forms to Enhance Clinical Learning in Radiography Education' by Nocum et al. The writers applaud the authors for addressing the importance of documentation in learning and teaching with this practical and student-centred approach. We offer a recommendation for consideration regarding terminology to ensure that the form content is aligned with international consensus on hypersensitivity. This minor adjustment would, in our view, strengthen what is an invaluable tool in radiography education.</p>","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147467947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Race Abstracts","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jmrs.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmrs.70063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences","volume":"73 S1","pages":"S107-S112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmrs.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147443771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}