Journal of Nepal Health Research Council最新文献

{"title":"Stress and Coping Strategies among Postnatal Mothers.","authors":"Sristi Acharya, Chandrakala Sharma, Chhabi Panthi, Amit Upreti, Apil Upreti","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5109","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal mental health problems are globally considered as a major public health challenge. Postnatal stress affects mothers and children's physical as well as mental wellbeing. The objective of the study is to assess stress and coping strategies of postnatal mothers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional descriptive study design was carried out at Immunization clinic of Lumbini Provincial Hospital. Purposive sampling technique was used to collect data among 152 mothers. Data was collected through a structured interview questionnaire using Perceived stress scale and Brief Cope. Data analysis was done through descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings of the study revealed that 25.7% mothers had mild stress; 72.4% had moderate stress, and only 2% had severe stress. Regarding coping mechanism, mostly used coping strategies were problem focused coping strategies and 90.1% mother adopted adaptive coping. While there was statistically significant between stress and age (p=.016), residence (p=.022) and occupation (p=<.001). Likewise, there was statistically significant between coping and age (p=.003), residence (p=.045), occupation (p=.018), sex of the baby (p=.005) and living during postnatal periods (p=.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The majority of the postnatal mothers had some form of stress. However, most of the postnatal mothers managed their stress through adaptive and problem based coping strategies in their own ways. Thus, there was a prime need to pay attention for promotion of their coping strategies that definitely enhance the mental status of the postnatal mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"549-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevelance of Dengue Among Healthy Blood Donors in Blood bank.","authors":"Jyotshna Sapkota, Ranjan Thapa, Basudha Nepal, Ram Prasad Adhikari, Sushila Khadka, Kiran Aryal, Avinav Acharya, Saroj Kunwar, Laxmi Kant Khanal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dengue is a viral infection, commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions across the globe particularly in urban and semi-urban settings. There has been significant increase in dengue cases over past two decades. This study aims to determine the prevalence of dengue NS1 antigen, IgM, and IgG antibodies among healthy blood donors at the Nepal Medical College Blood Bank.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the blood bank of Nepal Medical College between August to November 2023. Ethical approval was received from the Institutional Review Committee of Nepal Medical College (Ref: -080/081). Two hundred and thirty two serum samples from the healthy blood donors were screened with Dengue RDT (SD Bioline Dengue Duo) for detection of NS1 antigen, IgM and Ig G antibodies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the samples 18/232 (7.75%) were found IgM positive and 25/232 (10.77%) were found IgG positive. Similarly, 12/232 (5.17%) showed both IgG and IgM positive; however, all sample tested negative for NS1 Conclusions: Detection of Dengue antibodies in asymptomatic blood donors in endemic areas indicates a potential risk for recipients to contract dengue infection through blood transfusion. Implementing a screening program during dengue outbreaks could effectively mitigate this risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"562-566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Colonoscopic Band Ligation for Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding due to Hemorrhoid.","authors":"Pawan Sapkota Upadhya, Prajjwol Luitel, Sujan Paudel, Nischal Neupane, Shailesh Adhikary, Laligen Awale, Narendra Pandit","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5135","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Hemorrhoids are frequently encountered cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in outpatient settings in Nepal. Rubber band ligation is one of the most important, cost-effective, and commonly used treatments for first to third-degree internal hemorrhoids. Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation provides enhanced visualization and maneuverability, improving safety and efficacy of Rubber band ligation compared to traditional Rubber band ligation methods. This study aimed to assess the safety, efficacy, and patient acceptance of Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation for lower Lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to hemorrhoids.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study, conducted in a tertiary care center of Nepal over one year, explores the immediate, late complications, efficacy and treatment satisfaction of patients undergoing Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation for lower GI bleeding due to hemorrhoids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 28 among 108 patients presenting to the surgical outpatient department with Lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Symptoms of irritation, discharge, pain resolved in all patients at 3 months and that of bleeding and prolapse in 96.4% and 92% respectively. 75% were able to resume work the day after the procedure. Post-procedure complications were reported in 53.5% of cases. 78.6% of patients rated Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation treatment as \"excellent help\".</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Colonoscopic Rubber band ligation is feasible, safe and efficient for the treatment of symptomatic grade II hemorrhoids with most patients experiencing relief and high satisfaction. Further multicenter research with longer follow-up is needed to confirm long-term effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"557-561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bloodstream Infections in a Nepalese Tertiary Hospital-Aetiology, Drug Resistance and Clinical Outcome.","authors":"Shraddha Siwakoti, Rinku Sah, Roshan Chhetri, Basudha Khanal","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5217","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a leading cause of sepsis-related morbidity and mortality globally. We present the pathogenic agents of bloodstream infections, their antimicrobial susceptibilities, and associated outcomes, with a focus on drug-resistant cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included all adult patients admitted to B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences with blood culture-positive sepsis from July 2019 to June 2020. Blood cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility tests followed standard methods. Demographic, clinical, and microbiological data, including clinical outcomes, were documented. Patients were categorized into non-multidrug resistant (non-MDR), multidrug resistant (MDR), and extensively drug resistant (XDR) groups for analysis of clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 5372 adult patients with suspected bloodstream infections, 475 (9%) had culture-positive infections with 536 organisms cultured. The median age of the patients was 42 (25-60) years, and 47% of the patients were women. There were 146 (31%) non-MDR, 220 (46%) MDR and 109 (23%) XDR cases. Common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (27%), Acinetobacter spp (20%), and Klebsiella spp (15%). The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 8% (38/475). Mortality was highest among XDR patients (53%), compared to MDR (29%) and non-MDR patients (18%) (p < 0.001). Patients in XDR group had longer hospital stays compared to MDR-BSI and non-MDR BSI patients (p=<0.001). After adjusting for risk factors, the odds ratio for in-hospital mortality in XDR patients was 2.52 (CI 1.11-5.72, p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Drug-resistant pathogens are prevalent in our setting, causing bloodstream infection. Extensively drug-resistant bacteria in the blood are independently and significantly linked to increased mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"574-581"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes and Outcome of Neurogenic Vision Loss.","authors":"Pukar Ghimire, Ragesh Karn, Bikram Prasad Gajurel, Rajeev Ojha, Reema Rajbhandari, Sumit Shahi, Pradeep Panthee, Pragya Bhandari, Jayaram Lamichhane","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5418","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurogenic vision loss is often a medical emergency. Early evaluation and urgent treatment of the causes is the key to better visual prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on hospital records of patients admitted to the Neurology department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital with complain of diminution of vision from April 2023 to March 2024. The visual outcome of the patients was recorded based on telephone interviews with the patients or their family members.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 64 patients were identified of which 62 were interviewed for visual outcome. The median age was 38 years of which 62.5% were female. Bilateral eye involvement was reported in 59.4% of the cohort and half of the patients had normal optic disc. The distribution of visual acuity at presentation was 39.1% for 6/60 or better, 9.4% for 3/60 to less than 6/60, 32.8% for 3/60 and 18.8% having no perception of light. The commonest diagnosis in decreasing order of frequency was idiopathic intracranial hypertension, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, idiopathic optic neuritis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease with the frequency being 17.2%, 15.6%, 10.9% and 9.4% respectively. Of 62 patients interviewed, 67.7% reported a complete recovery of vision, 14.5% reported a partial recovery and 17.8% reported no visual recovery. Severity of visual loss at presentation was associated with poor visual outcome (p=0.021) whereas age, gender, number of eyes affected and duration of visual symptoms had no significant relation to visual recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, Idiopathic optic neuritis, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease were the commonest causes of neurogenic visual loss. The severity of visual loss at onset is a prognostic marker of the visual recovery in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"639-646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total extra peritoneal Repair of Inguinal Hernia under General Anesthesia Versus Spinal Anesthesia.","authors":"Udita Mishra, Ghanashyam Thapa","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5406","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Total extra peritoneal inguinal hernia repair is established approach to inguinal hernia repair usually performed under general anesthesia. Aim of the study was to compare Total extra peritoneal inguinal hernia repair outcome when operated under spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Bir hospital on patients undergoing Total extra peritoneal inguinal hernia repair under either spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia for inguinal hernia from September 2022 to August 2023. Operative time, postoperative hospitalization time, postoperative pain, postoperative adverse effects, level of satisfaction and recurrence rate at one year was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight patients were included, divided into two groups TEP-GA and TEP-SA, 29 in each arm. All procedures were completed by allocated method of anesthesia. Though pain score was low in TEP-SA in initial four hours, 2.79±1.08 (GA) and 1.99±0.97 (SA) and 2.28±1.09 (GA) and 1.80±0.80 (SA) at one and four hours post-operative respectively, no statistical difference was noted between two groups regarding surgery time, pain score complications, hospital stay, recovery or recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spinal anesthesia is at par with general anesthesia for total extra peritoneal inguinal hernia repair, if not better. It may be appropriate anesthetic modality in patients considered high risk for general anaesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"627-631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide for Monitoring Bronchial Asthma.","authors":"Buddhi Sagar Lamichhane, Ashesh Dhungana, Prajowl Shrestha, Kamal Raj Thapa, Deepa Kumari Shrestha","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5303","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monitoring during treatment of asthma is usually done by various clinical tools, spirometry, sputum eosinophils and fractional exhaled nitric oxide. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide is a simple and noninvasive tool and has a good agreement with asthma control test score. This study aims to correlate fractional exhaled nitric oxide with asthma control test score.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir hospital, Chest unit, Department of Medicine, over a duration of six months. Patients aged more than 18 years with bronchial asthma diagnosed at least three months prior were included into the study. Those with recent severe exacerbations, known other chronic respiratory disease and smokers were excluded. Asthma control test score was obtained at baseline. All included patients underwent fractional exhaled nitric oxide measurement followed by measurement of Forced vital capacity(FVC) Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty patients with a mean age of 40.5±11.1 years were included in the study. Majority were females (65%) and the median duration of symptoms was 24 months (Interquartile range= 18-60). Mean fractional exhaled nitric oxide level was 27.8 (±16.0) parts per billion (ppb) and asthma control test score was 19.3 (±4.7). Mean fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels were significantly different across different severity (well controlled, partially controlled and poorly controlled) of asthma (p=0.013). The mean fractional exhaled nitric oxide values and total asthma control test score shows statistically significant negative correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient (r) = -0.462, p=0.003). Asthma control test and FeNO values guided the change of inhaled steroid dose in 17 of the 40 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fractional exhaled nitric oxide can be used when available, along with asthma control test for monitoring control and adjusting the inhaled steroid dose in asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"602-607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-Seeking Behavior and Community Perception of Chhaupadi Practices.","authors":"Ganga Laxmi Awal, Kuaanan Techato, Saroj Gyawali, Bishnu Prasad Dahal, Indra Mali Malakar","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5280","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Chhaupadi system, mainly in the Western part of Nepal, forces women and girls to stay in huts or cowsheds during menstruation, barring them from their homes. This study aims to analyze the health-seeking behavior and community perception of Chhaupadi practices and examine their relationship with ecology in Tanjakot Rural Municipality of Humla District, Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed methods design employed ethnography with extended participation in daily lives for data collection through participant observation, field visits, FGD, KII, and non-participation observation. Purposively, Tanjakot Rural Municipality in Humla district, known for its high Chhaupadi practice, was chosen with 143 girls and women aged 18-49 who had experienced menstruation and stayed in Chhau goth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study found that 97.9% altered their food habit during the mensuration period. The weighted average of 3.94 and standard deviation of 0.32 evidenced the low consumption of inclusion food in menstruation time. Some women were found consuming contraceptive pills to suppress menstruation for ritual participation and water fetching. During menstruation, 70.6% stayed in tents, noting these places were unsafe, especially among the less literate (9.1%) compared to the literate (7.0%), and used cloth as a means during menstruation time. Most of them in the present time seek medical care at health posts (95.8%) during illness, contrasting with historically depended on traditional healers (6.3%) or no treatment (35.7%). Many participants (65.0%) perceived an ecological link to Chhaupadi, and nearly half (49.0%) considered menstruation natural and not sinful (76.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights significant changes in menstruation practices, with reduced food intake, contraceptive use for delaying menstruation for societal duties, unsafe living conditions, improved healthcare access, and shifting attitudes toward its naturalness, though some still link it to Chhaupadi. Therefore, this study emphasizes raising awareness about safer homestays during menstruation and improving economic opportunities in these areas to meet basic needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"592-601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Characteristics of Hepatitis C Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"Hari Prasad Kattel, Sangita Sharma, Kristian Alfsnes, Rahul Pathak, Komal Raj Rijal, Prakash Ghimire, Ashild K Andreassen, Megha Raj Banjara","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5308","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.5308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis C infection is a major public health concern in Nepal. Epidemiological information on hepatitis C virus along with the status of co-infection with hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus is essential to controlling the hepatitis C burden. The objective of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence of hepatitis C virus infections, proportions of co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus, and identify the demographic characters, and routes of transmission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to February 2024 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. The serological tests were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays from 25133 patients' serum in four years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sero-prevalence of hepatitis C virus -infected patients was 0.8% (211/25133). Among them, 6.6% (14/211) were co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus and 1.4% (3/211) with hepatitis B virus. Among 211 hepatitis C virus patients, 174 (82.5%) were male, 156 (73.9%) were young aged 15-47 years with various professions, 167 (79.1%) were literate, and almost one-third of the patients (33.2%, 70/211) were regular alcoholics. Needle sharing among intravenous drug users (45.5%, 96/211) and sexual intercourse (28%, 59/211) were the most common modes of transmission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the prevalence of hepatitis C infections is less than 1%, it is more common among young male intravenous drug users. Awareness of the spread of hepatitis C infections among this population needs to be emphasized to control hepatitis C in Nepal.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"608-615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Junk Food Consumption Behavior among Young Children.","authors":"Sanju Banstola, Nirmala Shrestha, Bimala Sharma","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.4744","DOIUrl":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i03.4744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Consumption of junk food degrades the health status of people and is associated with low consumption of nutritious foods, which are essential for physical and mental growth. This study was carried out to find out the junk food consumption and its associated factors among young children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 352 school going children aged 5 to 9 years in Pokhara Metropolitan. Face to face interviews were done with one of the parents of the selected children with the help of a structured questionnaire. The study was done from March to October, 2020. Three or more consumption per week was categorized as high consumption of junk food. A descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis was performed. All inferential analyses were conducted at a 5% level of significance. Ethical approval was taken from the Nepal Health Research Council.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the study participants, 70.7% consumed junk food three or more times per week; 66.5% energy dense food, 20.7% consumed noodles; and 9.7% sugary drinks. Consumption of junk food was associated with presence of conventional shop near home,ways type of food provision at school and, food at home after school. Consumption of junk food was found higher among those who got money for food at school (AOR, 2.31), and those who took snacks at home after school (AOR, 12.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consumption of junk food among young children was remarkably high in the study area; concerned authorities should pay attention to dissociating such foods through policies and programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 3","pages":"484-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}