Journal of Medical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Occurrence of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Viral Meningitis and Encephalitis","authors":"Elisa Skovgaard Jensen,&nbsp;Andreas Vestergaard Jensen,&nbsp;Per Cayé-Thomasen,&nbsp;Pelle Trier Petersen,&nbsp;Birgitte Rønde Hansen,&nbsp;Nichlas Hovmand,&nbsp;Rannvá Winther,&nbsp;Jonas Bruun Kjærsgaard,&nbsp;Malene Kirchmann,&nbsp;Christian T. Brandt,&nbsp;DASGIB Study Group","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71171","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Hearing loss in viral neuroinfections is poorly investigated. The present study aimed to clarify if hearing loss can develop in viral meningitis and encephalitis. An OAE (<i>oto-acoustic emission)</i> was measured in adult patients with viral meningitis and encephalitis on the day of admission and 30–60 days after discharge. Frequencies were categorized as Low (1, 1.5, 2 kHz), Mid (3, 4, 5 kHz), Mid-high (6, 7, 8 kHz), and High (9, 10 kHz). An OAE was measured in 41 patients with viral meningitis and 8 patients with encephalitis. Six patients with viral meningitis (15%) experienced a decrease of &gt; 5 dB in one or more frequency categories. Twelve patients (29%) had a temporary decrease in OAE levels of more than 5 dB and 23 patients (54%) had no change in OAE levels between admission and follow-up. We found no significant differences in OAE levels from admission to follow-up between viral meningitis pathogens. In viral encephalitis, herpes simplex virus was associated with a decrease in OAE levels in all frequencies in 3 of 5 patients. Varicella zoster encephalitis was not associated with changes in OAE levels. Viral meningitis and herpes simplex encephalitis is associated with development of a sensorineural hearing loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13636606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Dengue Case Fatality Rates in Bangladesh: A Retrospective Investigation","authors":"Bijoy Banik,&nbsp;Shrabonti Banik,&nbsp;Proshanto Singha Pranto,&nbsp;Prosenjit Choudhury,&nbsp;Ayesha Siddiqa,&nbsp;Md. Abdur Nur Sakib,&nbsp;Moumita Das","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71172","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Dengue remains a significant public health challenge in Bangladesh, with considerable variation in disease burden and mortality. This study aimed to assess how dengue case fatality rates (CFRs) had varied across months, seasons, and geographic regions of Bangladesh. A retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2025 using surveillance data obtained from the Directorate General of Health Services, Bangladesh (DGHS). Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to estimate dengue CFR. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between the studied variables and dengue CFR. Seasonal and trend components of the data were examined through LOESS-based decomposition to understand underlying time-series patterns. Over the past 5 years, a total of 6,15,991 dengue cases and 3,079 deaths, with an overall CFR of 0.49%, were recorded. The year-wise highest CFR was recorded in 2024 (0.56%; 95% CI: 0.52–0.62). The month-wise and season-wise mean CFRs were recorded highest in February (1.21%) and winter (0.74%), respectively, while the division-wise highest mean CFR was recorded in Dhaka (0.60%). In addition, the month of February (AOR = 3.09; 95% CI 1.59−5.38; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and the winter season (OR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.41−1.82; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) had significantly higher odds for dengue CFR. Compared to Dhaka, most of the other divisions had significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) lower odds for dengue CFR. The year 2024 had significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) higher odds for dengue CFR compared to most other years under study. This present study identified the critical time and high-risk areas in Bangladesh, underscoring the need for public health interventions and enhanced surveillance systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RBM6 Facilitates RLR-Mediated Antiviral Responses by Promoting K63-Linked Ubiquitination of MAVS","authors":"De-Ping Kong,&nbsp;Ni Zhong,&nbsp;Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Chen Wang,&nbsp;Yan-Ping Xiao,&nbsp;Jing-Ping Huang,&nbsp;Ting Hu,&nbsp;Bo-Wen Yu,&nbsp;Qi-Yu Xie,&nbsp;Min Liu,&nbsp;Hui-Hong Li,&nbsp;Jian-Kun Xie,&nbsp;Liang-Guo Xu","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71173","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71173","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS; also known as VISA, IPS-1, or Cardif) is the central adaptor of the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) pathway. Upon viral infection, MAVS forms prion-like aggregates to activate NF-κB and IRF3, thereby inducing type I interferon production and antiviral responses. Here, we identify RNA-binding motif protein 6 (RBM6) as a previously unrecognized positive regulator of MAVS signaling during Sendai virus (SeV) infection. RBM6 overexpression enhanced SeV-induced IFN-β expression, whereas RBM6 deficiency impaired this response. Mechanistically, RBM6 enhanced K63-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS, promoting MAVS aggregation and facilitating the recruitment of TRAF6. Domain-mapping analysis further localized the antiviral activity of RBM6 to its zinc finger (ZnF) domain spanning residues 850–1045. Together, these findings establish RBM6 as an important enhancer of MAVS signalosome assembly and provide new insight into ubiquitin-dependent regulation of the RLR antiviral pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between EBV Lytic Replication and Liver Injury in Patients With HBeAg-Negative Chronic HBV Infection","authors":"Yongxi Zhang,&nbsp;Liping Deng,&nbsp;Rongrong Yang,&nbsp;Yong Xiong,&nbsp;Xien Gui,&nbsp;Ke Lan,&nbsp;Ke Zhuang","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71071","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study aims to characterize the impact of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic replication on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We retrospectively enrolled 261 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection who were admitted to Zhongnan Hospital between 2019 and 2025. Plasma levels of HBV-DNA, EBV-DNA, and liver function parameters were collected. Patients were grouped based on their viral DNA status, and the association between viral DNA status and liver function was evaluated. Compared to the HBV-DNA-negative group, HBV-DNA-positivity was significantly associated with aggravated hepatic injury, as evidenced by elevated ALT, AST, lymphocyte count, and fibrosis scores (APRI and FIB-4). Notably, regardless of HBV-DNA status or the stage of liver disease (CHB or LC), EBV-DNA-positivity was consistently associated with significantly lower plasma albumin (Alb) levels and albumin-to-globulin (A/G) ratio compared to EBV-DNA-negative patients. The reduction in the A/G ratio was attributable to decreased Alb levels rather than to elevated globulin (Glb) levels. These results suggest that EBV lytic replication was associated with hypoalbuminemia in this study. Circulating EBV-DNA status holds promise as a potential biomarker for monitoring disease progression, or assessing disease severity in patients with chronic HBV infection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Treatment Adherence Is Associated With Lower Observed HCC Risk in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B and Cirrhosis: A Nationwide Claims-Based Cohort Study","authors":"Yoon E. Shin,&nbsp;Jae Young Kim,&nbsp;Jeong Ju Yoo,&nbsp;Sang Gyune Kim,&nbsp;Young Seok Kim","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71167","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71167","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Adherence to antiviral therapy is essential for viral suppression in chronic hepatitis B (CHB), yet its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains uncertain. We examined the association between nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) adherence and HCC risk, focusing on tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) versus entecavir (ETV). Treatment-naïve adults with CHB initiating TAF or ETV were identified from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, Republic of Korea. Adherence was measured using the medication possession ratio, with high adherence defined as ≥ 90%, and the primary outcome was HCC incidence. A total of 28 448 patients were included, of whom 19 001 (66.8%) showed high adherence and 9447 (33.2%) showed low adherence. In the overall cohort, HCC incidence was comparable between the high- and low-adherence groups (14.89 vs. 13.76 per 1000 person-years; IRR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.95–1.24). Among patients with claims-defined cirrhosis, however, high adherence was associated with lower observed HCC incidence (32.92 vs. 49.59 per 1000 person-years; IRR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.57–0.78), and this association remained significant in multivariable Cox regression (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.66–0.90) as well as in IPTW, landmark, and sensitivity analyses. In exploratory regimen-stratified analyses, high-adherence TAF users showed a lower observed cumulative HCC incidence than high-adherence ETV users, whereas no significant difference was observed in the low-adherence group. Logistic regression identified ETV use as a predictor of low adherence (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 2.65–2.96). High adherence to antiviral therapy was associated with lower observed HCC incidence among patients with CHB and claims-defined cirrhosis. Although this association remained evident across multiple analyses, residual confounding, treatment-selection effects, time-related bias, and competing-risk issues cannot be fully excluded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SRGAP2-AS1 Regulates RSV Replication and EMT-Associated Changes Through PTBP1 and ZEB1","authors":"Xinran Tan,&nbsp;Xiao Wu,&nbsp;Ya Gao,&nbsp;Yi Liu,&nbsp;Zhu Li,&nbsp;Guiqiang He,&nbsp;Xunping Wu,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Peng,&nbsp;Daishun Liu","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71166","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71166","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease, but the contribution of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to RSV-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated changes remains unclear. We used transcriptomic screening in RSV-exposed BEAS-2B cells to identify candidate lncRNAs and then examined SRGAP2-AS1 in cell and mouse models. Expression was measured by RT-qPCR, and loss- and gain-of-function experiments were combined with RNA immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation, Western blot analysis, and TCID₅₀ assays. SRGAP2-AS1 was increased in RSV-infected BEAS-2B cells and mouse lung tissue. Silencing SRGAP2-AS1 reduced viral replication, lowered IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA, increased IFN-β mRNA, and attenuated EMT-associated marker changes in RSV-infected BEAS-2B cells. SRGAP2-AS1 was predominantly cytoplasmic and enriched in PTBP1 immunoprecipitates. Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation showed that PTBP1 and ZEB1 were present in the same endogenous complex, and ZEB1 abundance changed with SRGAP2-AS1 gain and loss of function. ZEB1 knockdown produced parallel changes in viral RNA, immune-related transcripts, and EMT-associated markers. Ectopic ZEB1 expression reversed the E-cadherin change caused by SRGAP2-AS1 depletion, supporting a downstream role for ZEB1 in the epithelial arm of the EMT-associated phenotype. These findings support regulatory relationships among SRGAP2-AS1, PTBP1, and ZEB1 during RSV infection. The causal order of the viral and immune-related changes, and the in vivo relevance of the EMT-associated phenotype, remain unresolved.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomegalovirus in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid: A Predictor of Outcome in Immunocompromised Patients","authors":"Theodora Zouvani,&nbsp;Meropi Karakioulaki,&nbsp;Kathleen Jahn,&nbsp;Sebastian Fähndrich,&nbsp;Björn C. Frye,&nbsp;Leticia Grize,&nbsp;Eleni Papakonstantinou,&nbsp;Hartmut Hengel,&nbsp;Karoline Leuzinger,&nbsp;Hans H. Hirsch,&nbsp;Daiana Stolz","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71163","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71163","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a prevalent herpesvirus that remains typically asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals but can cause severe, potentially life-threatening disease in immunocompromised patients. This study assessed the impact of CMV-associated lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), focusing on coinfections and clinical outcomes. Between 2009 and 2017, a total of 2666 visits involving 1301 immunocompromised patients with suspected LRTI who underwent diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were analyzed. The primary outcomes included CMV detection in BAL and resulting treatment modifications. Among these, 235 BALFs from 157 patients tested positive for CMV. Among these CMV-positive cases, immunosuppression was classified as hematological conditions (<i>n</i> = 88), solid organ transplantation (<i>n</i> = 70), or other causes of immunosuppression (<i>n</i> = 77). Overall, 59 cases exhibited isolated CMV infection, which was associated with a higher percentage of macrophages in BALF, compared to cases with CMV and coinfection [75.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 44.0–85.0 vs. 37.5%, 95% CI: 11.5%–67.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.008]. A total of 176 cases demonstrated CMV and coinfection, which were associated with neutrophilia in BALF (49.5%, 95% CI: 15.5–82.5; vs. CMV-monoinfection: 7.5%, 95% CI:2–36, <i>p</i> = 0.002). BAL findings prompted treatment modifications in 61.7% (<i>n</i> = 145) of all CMV-positive cases. The 30-day mortality rate was 13.6%, with a significantly elevated hazard ratio for those with CMV-positive BAL diagnosis (unadjusted HR 2.85, 95% CI: 1.86–4.36). Cases with a CMV infection exhibited a significantly higher probability of requiring hospitalization compared to CMV-negative cases, (OR 1.39, 95% CI: 1.03–1.87, <i>p</i> = 0.030). Immunocompromised patients have an increased risk of CMV infection, and the presence of CMV does not exclude a coinfection with other respiratory viruses, bacteria, or fungi. CMV detection in BALF was associated with higher hospitalization rates and mortality. Preventive and preemptive antiviral strategies are crucial, especially given the adverse impact of coinfections.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19 Are Associated With Complement Activation and Glia-Promoted Neuroinflammation","authors":"Nicole Lardini Freitas,&nbsp;Yago Côrtes Pinheiro Gomes,&nbsp;Fábio César Sousa Nogueira,&nbsp;Juliana Echevarria-Lima,&nbsp;João Victor Carvalho Deus,&nbsp;Carlos Otávio Brandão,&nbsp;Cristiane Nascimento Soares,&nbsp;Marcus Tulius Teixeira Silva,&nbsp;Otávio Melo Espíndola","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71165","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71165","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pathophysiological mechanisms of neurological manifestations in COVID-19 are not fully known yet. In this case-control study, proteomic analysis was used to characterize cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from COVID-19 patients with acute neurological manifestations primarily categorized as: isolated refractory headache (<i>n</i> = 12), encephalopathy (<i>n</i> = 24), and inflammatory neurological diseases (IND) (<i>n</i> = 13). Individuals with non-inflammatory, non-infectious neurological conditions (<i>n</i> = 8) were included as controls. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in neuro-COVID-19 were associated with the complement system, function/activation of microglia/macrophages, inflammatory responses, and neuronal function/homeostasis. Functional enrichment analysis of DEPs and/or proteins specifically detected in neuro-COVID-19 groups indicated activation of complement and coagulation cascades, and synapse pruning in encephalopathy and IND. Upregulated complement activation was confirmed by increased CSF levels of C3a and soluble C5b-9. Biological processes of neuroinflammation, migration of immune cells into the central nervous system, activation of glia cells (microglia and astrocytes), and tissue remodeling were also present in IND. In turn, processes associated with disturbed organization/formation of neuron projections were related to encephalopathy and isolated headache. CSF from patients with isolated refractory headache was enriched for proteins related to neurons and to the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia. Meanwhile, CSF from encephalopathy and IND patients was mostly enriched for proteins mapped to the cerebral cortex, choroid plexus, and thalamus. Moreover, CSF from IND patients had an increased proportion of microglia-related proteins. These findings support a model in which cases of IND and encephalopathy are associated with blood−brain barrier disruption potentially induced by complement activation and glia-promoted neuroinflammation, resulting in the involvement of distinct brain structures in COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Dengue Epidemiology in China Before, During, and After COVID-19 2015–2024: A Retrospective National Surveillance and Spatiotemporal Study","authors":"Yu Chen,&nbsp;Meng Shang,&nbsp;Shengping Dou,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Wang,&nbsp;Haoqiang Ji,&nbsp;Qiyong Liu","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71162","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmv.71162","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dengue remains a major mosquito-borne disease in China. The COVID-19 pandemic and associated non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) profoundly altered human mobility and public health responses, potentially reshaping dengue transmission dynamics. However, comprehensive nationwide evidence on their long-term epidemiological impact is limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate changes in dengue epidemiology in China before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on temporal periodicity, importation and indigenous transmission, counterfactual deviations from pre-pandemic trends, and spatial risk redistribution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a nationwide retrospective spatiotemporal study using reported dengue cases in China from 2015 to 2024. Epidemiological characteristics were compared across pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic phases. Morlet wavelet analysis was used to assess temporal periodicity. A SARIMA model fitted to pre-pandemic data generated counterfactual forecasts for 2020–2024. Spatial patterns were evaluated using provincial incidence mapping, Global Moran's <i>I</i>, and Local Indicators of Spatial Association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 87 182 dengue cases were reported, with major peaks in 2019 and 2024. Imported cases declined sharply during 2020–2022 and rebounded after 2023, whereas indigenous transmission became increasingly dominant. Annual periodicity weakened during the pandemic but re-emerged after 2023. Observed incidence during 2020–2022 was frequently below counterfactual expectations, while substantial positive deviations appeared from mid-2023 and intensified in 2024. Post-pandemic dengue risk re-emerged in South and Southwest China and expanded inland, with weaker provincial clustering.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COVID-19 and related NPIs substantially reshaped dengue epidemiology in China, suppressing transmission during 2020–2022 but followed by a marked post-pandemic resurgence, increasing indigenous transmission, disrupted but re-emerging seasonality, and broader inland spread.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149039305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurring Temporal Association Between Influenza A Epidemics and Subsequent Influenza B Dominance in Post-Pandemic Korea, 2022−2026","authors":"Yoon Lee,&nbsp;Yoonsun Yoon,&nbsp;Ji Eun Park,&nbsp;Won Keun Kim,&nbsp;Youn Young Choi,&nbsp;Yun-Kyung Kim,&nbsp;Changmin Kang,&nbsp;Young Yoo,&nbsp;Young June Choe","doi":"10.1002/jmv.71169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.71169","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Post-pandemic influenza dynamics have shown unusual patterns globally. We investigated the re-emergence and recurrent seasonal dominance of influenza B in Korea across three post-pandemic seasons (2022−2026). We analyzed 157 consecutive weeks of national sentinel surveillance data (K-SenS, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency), covering September 2022 to August 2025, plus preliminary data through Week 10 of 2026. Influenza B predominance was defined as weeks with &gt; 50% influenza B among total influenza detections; a sensitivity analysis required overall influenza activity &gt; 5%. Influenza B activity remained minimal during the 2022−23 season (mean proportion 3.3%; peak 25.3%) and never reached predominance. Two complete predominance episodes followed influenza A epidemics: after the 2023−24 epidemic (co-circulating A/H1N1pdm09 and A/H3N2; peak ILI 61.3/1000), B predominance began January 2024 and persisted 23 weeks (peak 100%); after the 2024−25A/H1N1pdm09-dominant epidemic (peak ILI 99.8/1000), it began February 2025 and accumulated 20 weeks over two periods with a brief interruption (peak 100%). Onset occurred 5−8 weeks after the influenza A peak by ILI (6−8 weeks virologically) in all three episodes, unaffected by threshold choice. A third episode following the 2025−26A/H3N2 epidemic was ongoing as of March 2026 (onset 7 weeks after the A peak). In post-pandemic Korea, influenza B repeatedly established seasonal dominance 5−8 weeks after influenza A epidemics across three consecutive seasons. This recurring temporal pattern may have implications for influenza surveillance, clinical preparedness, and vaccine strategy, though its underlying mechanism remains unestablished.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Virology","volume":"98 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jmv.71169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}